弹道靶红外辐射测量

为深入认识再入物理现象 ,在弹道靶上做了模型头部和近尾流红外辐射测量。发射器为 1 4.5mm口径的二级轻气炮 ,模型为1 0mm的球 ,材料为聚碳酸酯和铝 ,模型发射速度 4～6km/s,使用红外InSb探测器测量波长 3～ 5 .4μm的红外辐射 ,靶室压力 5 .32kPa。实验中使用光电法测量模型速度 ,两站阴影照相进行模型姿态监测和速度核实。实验结果表明 :球模型的红外辐射强度强烈依赖于模型材料和模型飞行速度。对不同材料模型头部和尾流部辐射强度的定性比较说明由于低温材料烧蚀产物的存在 ,极大地增强了头部和近尾流区的辐射强度 ,而且延长了尾流辐射长度     

Instability and unsteadiness of aircraft wake vortices

This paper presents a review of theoretical and experimental results on stability and other unsteady properties of aircraft wakes. The basic mechanisms responsible for the propagation and the amplification of perturbation along vortices, namely the Kelvin waves and the cooperative instabilities, are first detailed. These two generic unsteady mechanisms are described by considering asymptotic linear stability analysis of model flows such as vortex filaments or Lamb–Oseen vortices. Extension of the linear analysis to more representative flows, using a biglobal stability approach, is also described. Experimental results obtained using LDV, hot wire and PIV in wind tunnels are presented and they are commented upon the light of theory.     

轴流压缩机粘性尾迹噪声研究

本文研究了微弯机翼在正弦阵风作用下的脉动升力,并导出计算公式,分析了动、静叶栅几何及气动参数对转子脉动升力及噪声级的影响。     

栅格翼尾流中的发卡涡

介绍了在水漕中用氢气泡法显示的斜置蜂窝式栅格翼尾流流态 ,发现在中等迎角下 ,相交翼元的每个交叉处邻近壁面的尾流中 ,有伴随着壁面流动分离而周期性脱落的发卡涡 ,它们相互连接 ,形成“涡链”。还介绍了栅格翼尾流中发卡涡的主要流动特征 ,并对其产生的流动机理作了初步探讨。     

高超声速小钝锥尾流化学非平衡辐射研究

本文主要目的是研究化学非平衡对高超声速小钝锥尾流辐射的影响。计算结果表明：激发发射辐射比化学发光辐射重要，红外辐射比可光辐射重要。结果还表明：由化学非平衡瞬时辐射模型计算求得的ＮＯ５．３μ的辐射能比由局部平衡辐射模型求得的辐射能大３０￣７０％。由此可知，小钝锥尾流的化学非平衡辐射模型对辐射的影响是不能忽略的。     

计算跨声速机翼尾涡流自适应区域方法

本文利用自适应区域方法调节机翼后每个Ｔｒｅｆｆｔｚ平面上的计算域，使得尾涡对这个计算域边界的影响足够小，从而提高了计算的精度和时间。考虑到间断面的影响，在尾涡面上引入有旋项对流场进行计算。椭圆载荷机翼计算表明本文计算结果与经典Ｂｅｔｚ理论一致。用本文方法对某轰炸机进行了计算，计算结果已用于预计其实际飞行的尾涡面。     

高超声速小钝锥尾流转捩规律与光电特性

显式有限差分方法用于求解小钝锥高超声速化学非平衡尾流的轴对称边界层方程。该方法既适用于层流也适用于湍流。应用 Goldburg 转捩准则确定转捩初始位置。详细地计算了小钝锥尺寸、飞行速度、高度对尾流转捩和光电特性的影响。从计算中得到转捩和光电特性变化的一些有用规律。对湍流亚密部分的雷达散射截面进行了规律性分析。计算结果具有实用参考价值。     

航天飞行中的稀薄气体动力学

飞船、宇航探测器、航天飞机等复杂外形航天器给气体动力学，包括稀薄气体动力学提出了新的要求。本文简要介绍了为计算过渡领域中气动力与热而发展的基于位置元概念的DSMC方法的通用算法。该方法解决了计算物面通量量的技术难点并已用于模拟圆球、飞船、类航天飞机的绕流。正在进行的航天实践，如麦哲伦飞船对金星的探测、行星大气中的气动制动、伽利略飞船的木星之行、尾屏蔽在太空中获得高真空的实验等等提出了新的气动力问题，稀薄气体动力学和DSMC方法是有力的工具。     

A coupling VWM/CFD/CSD method for rotor airload prediction

A coupling fluid-structure method with a combination of viscous wake model(VWM),computational fluid dynamics(CFD) and comprehensive structural dynamics(CSD) modules is developed in this paper for rotor unsteady airload prediction. The hybrid VWM/CFD solver is employed to model the nonlinear aerodynamic phenomena and complicated rotor wake dynamics;the moderate deflection beam theory is implemented to predict the blade structural deformation; the loose coupling strategy based on the ‘delt method' is used to couple the fluid and structure solvers.Several cases of Helishape 7A rotor are performed first to investigate the effect of elastic deformation on airloads. Then, two challenging forward flight conditions of UH-60 A helicopter rotor are investigated, and the simulated results of wake geometry, chordwise pressure distribution and sectional normal force show excellent agreement with available test data; a comparison with traditional CFD/CSD method is also presented to illustrate the efficiency of the developed method.     

Dynamic modeling and analysis of vortex filament motion using a novel curve-fitting method

Applications of a novel curve-fitting technique are presented to efficiently predict the motion of the vortex filament, which is trailed from a rigid body such as wings and rotors. The governing equations of the motion, when a Lagrangian approach with the present curve-fitting method is applied, can be transformed into an easily solvable form of the system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. The applicability of Be′zier curves, B-spline, and Lagrange interpolating polynomials is investigated. Local Lagrange interpolating polynomials with a shift operator are proposed as the best selection for applications, since it provides superior system characteristics with minimum computing time, compared to other methods. In addition, the Gauss quadrature formula with local refinement strategy has been developed for an accurate prediction of the induced velocity computed with the line integration of the Biot–Savart law. Rotary-wing problems including a vortex ring problem are analyzed to show the efficiency, accuracy, and flexibility in the applications of the proposed method.