A Geosynchronous Orbit Search Strategy

Since more than 10 years there is evidence that small-size space debris is accumulating in the geosynchronous orbit (GEO), probably as the result of breakups. Two break-ups have been reported in GEO. The 1978 break-up of an EKRAN 2 satellite, SSN 10365, was identified in 1992, and in 1992 a Titan 3C Transtage, SSN 3432, break-up produced at least twenty observable pieces. Subsequently several nations performed optical surveys of the GEO region in the form of independent observation campaigns. Such surveys suffer from the fact that the field of view of optical telescopes is small compared with the total area covered by the GEO ring. As a consequence only a small volume of the orbital element-magnitude-space is covered by each individual survey. Results from these surveys are thus affected by observational biases and therefore difficult to compare. This paper describes the development of a common search strategy to overcome these limitations. The strategy optimizes the sampling for objects in orbits similar to the orbits of the known GEO population but does not exclude the detection of objects with other orbital planes. A properly designed common search strategy clearly eases the comparison of results from different groups and the extrapolation from the sparse (biased) samples to the entire GEO environment.     

一种基于小波变换的天水线提取算法

文中提出了一种基于小波变换多尺度分解图像快速提取天水线的方法,不仅省去了一般图像特征提取之前的图像预处理及图像分割步骤,而且提取的天水线效果好,处理周期短,自适应性强,同时能够滤除噪声并保持目标细节。     

SVIRCO contribution to the world-wide network of cosmic ray detectors

Since 1954 a research team (called SVIRCO) has been performing measurements of cosmic rays in Rome at La Sapienza University till 1997 and then at Roma Tre University. The experimental work carried out over more than 50 years is summarized in this paper. It describes: the early history of SVIRCO, the evolution from SVIRCO station to SVIRCO observatory, land and sea cosmic-ray surveys and the mini-network of neutron monitors, operating inside the world-wide network of cosmic ray detectors.     

Occurrence of equatorial plasma bubbles over Kolhapur

This paper reports the nightglow observations of OI 630.0 nm emissions, made by using all sky imager operating at low latitude station Kolhapur (16.8°N, 74.2°E and dip lat. 10.6°N) during high sunspot number years of 24th solar cycle. The images are analyzed to study the nocturnal, seasonal and solar activity dependence occurrence of plasma bubbles. We observed EPBs in images regularly during a limited period 19:30 to 02:30 LT and reach maximum probability of occurrence at 22:30 LT. The observation pattern of EPBs shows nearly no occurrence during the month of May and it maximizes during the period October–April. The equinox and solstice seasonal variations in the occurrence of plasma bubbles show nearly equal and large differences, respectively, between years of 2010–11 and 2011–12.     

Bioinspired polarized light compass in moonlit sky for heading determination based on probability density estimation

Bioinspired polarized skylight navigation, which can be used in unfamiliar territories, is an important alternative autonomous navigation technique in the absence of Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS). However, the polarization pattern in night environment with noise effects and model uncertainties is a less explored area. Although several decades have passed since the first publication about the polarization of the moonlit night sky, the usefulness of nocturnal polarization navigation is ...     

The ultraviolet sky: An overview from the GALEX surveys

The Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) has performed the first surveys of the sky in the ultraviolet (UV). Its legacy is an unprecedented database with more than 200 million source measurements in far-UV (FUV) and near-UV (NUV), as well as wide-field imaging of extended objects, filling an important gap in our view of the sky across the electromagnetic spectrum. The UV surveys offer unique sensitivity for identifying and studying selected classes of astrophysical objects, both stellar and extra-galactic. We examine the overall content and distribution of UV sources over the sky, and with magnitude and color. For this purpose, we have constructed final catalogs of UV sources with homogeneous quality, eliminating duplicate measurements of the same source. Such catalogs can facilitate a variety of investigations on UV-selected samples, as well as planning of observations with future missions. We describe the criteria used to build the catalogs, their coverage and completeness. We included observations in which both the far-UV and near-UV detectors were exposed; 28,707 fields from the All-Sky Imaging survey (AIS) cover a unique area of 22,080 square degrees (after we restrict the catalogues to the central 1° diameter of the field), with a typical depth of ∼20/21mag (FUV/NUV, in the AB mag system), and 3008 fields from the Medium-depth Imaging Survey (MIS) cover a total of 2251 square degrees at a depth of ∼22.7mag. The catalogs contain ∼71 and ∼16.6 million sources, respectively. The density of hot stars reflects the Galactic structure, and the number counts of both Galactic and extra-galactic sources are modulated by the Milky Way dust extinction, to which the UV data are very sensitive.     

天波超视距雷达的发展

 天波超视距雷达 (OTHR)是一种利用电离层对高频信号的反射作用自上而下进行目标探测的雷达体制。由于该雷达具有大范围的监视能力、防低空突袭、抗隐身以及早期预警等突出优点 ,受到了许多国家的重视。首先介绍了OTHR的性能特点及发展历史 ,接着就雷达的总体结构、干扰的抑制、由电离层引起的信号失真的校正 ,以及信号检测进行了全面的综述 ,最后指出这一领域今后的发展方向。     

宇航抗辐射加固集成电路技术发展与思考

宇航抗辐射加固集成电路是航天工程的核心基础技术。长期以来,美欧等国家对抗辐射加固集成电路持续支持并严格禁运,宇航集成电路的发展和自主可控是我国向航天强国迈进的关键核心基础之一,受到国家的高度重视。本文总结了宇航抗辐射加固集成电路发展特点和我国发展现状,分析了未来宇航抗辐射加固集成电路的发展需求,探讨了未来需要重点关注的3个技术方向,即软加固的天算芯片、高压功率器件加固和单粒子效应仿真。     

太阳、天空和海面自身辐射对海洋背景总体辐射影响分析

海洋背景的总体辐射受到太阳辐射、天空背景辐射和海洋自身热辐射的影响。在简化的海面辐射模型的基础上,对不同波段、不同天顶角和不同大气环境下太阳辐射的变化进行了比较分析;分析了在各个波段太阳光和大气对天空辐射的影响,着重分析了大气单次散射和多次散射太阳光的情况下天空辐射的变化;分析了大气窗内海洋自身辐射、路径上的辐射和海面反射天空、太阳辐射对红外探测器总体辐射的影响。结果表明,这些因素对海洋背景总体辐射具有较大的影响。     

A serendipitous survey for galaxy clusters by the XMM-Newton Survey Science Center

We describe the initial results of a programme to detect and identify extended X-ray sources found serendipitously in XMM-Newton observations. We have analyzed 186 EPIC-PN images at high galactic latitude with a limiting flux of 1 × 10⁻¹⁴ erg cm⁻² s⁻¹ and found 62 cluster candidates. Thanks to the enhanced sensitivity of the XMM-Newton telescopes, the new clusters found in this pilot study are on the average fainter, more compact, and more distant than those found in previous X-ray surveys. At our survey limit the surface density of clusters is about 5 deg⁻². We also present the first results of an optical follow-up programme aiming at the redshift measurement of a large sample of clusters. The results of this pilot study give a first glimpse on the potential of serendipitous cluster science with XMM-Newton based on real data. The largest, yet to be fulfilled promise is the identification of a large number of high-redshift clusters for cosmological studies up to z = 1 or 1.5.