Modelling of Ejecta as a Space Debris Source

When a micro-debris or a micrometeoroid impacts a spacecraft surface, a large number of secondary particles, called ejecta, are produced. These particles can contribute to a modification of the debris environment: either locally by the occurrence of secondary impacts on the components of complex and large space structures, or at great distance by the formation of a population of small orbital debris. This paper describes firstly, the ejecta overall production, and secondly, the lifetime and the orbital evolution of the particles. Finally the repartition of ejecta in LEO is computed. Some results describing the population as a function of size and altitude are presented.     

Collision Risk Mitigation in Geostationary Orbit

The short- and long-term effects of spacecraft explosions, as a function of the end-of-life re-orbit altitude above the geostationary orbit (GEO), were analyzed in terms of their additional contribution to the debris flux in the GEO ring. The simulated debris clouds were propagated for 72yrs, taking into account all the relevant orbital perturbations.The results obtained show that 6–7 additional explosions in GEO would be sufficient, in the long term, to double the current collision risk with sizable objects in GEO. Unfortunately, even if spacecraft were to re-orbit between 300 and 500km above GEO, this would not significantly improve the situation. In fact, an altitude increase of at least 2000km would have to be adopted to reduce by one order of magnitude the long-term risk of collision among geostationary satellites and explosion fragments. The optimal debris mitigation strategy should be a compromise between the reliability and effectiveness of spacecraft end-of-life passivation, the re-orbit altitude and the acceptable debris background in the GEO ring. However, for as long as the re-orbit altitudes currently used are less than 500km above GEO, new spacecraft explosions must be avoided in order to preserve the geostationary environment over the long term.     

飞机空中加油任务剖面优化设计

介绍了某型飞机执行作战任务途中何时进行空中加油，并按照最大航程截击对飞机各个飞行任务段的飞行性能进行了计算，得出了最佳巡航速度，确定了最优的加油时机和加油量。计算过程中采用了遗传算法，考虑了爬升过程和巡航过程中飞机变质量的难点问题，提高了计算结果的可信度。     

空中受油管的绕流特性研究

空中加油是提高飞机航程、活动半径的重要方法。通过对四种固定受油管的数值模拟,从流动特性的改进方面说明了合适的截面及倾角会降低受油管绕流的压力脉动,进而使噪声降低。     

Precise line-of-sight modelling for angles-only relative navigation

This work presents a precise analytical model to reconstruct the line-of-sight vector to a target satellite over time, as required by angles-only relative navigation systems for application to rendezvous missions. The model includes the effects of the geopotential, featuring: the analytical propagation in the mean relative orbital elements (up to second-order expansion), the analytical two-way osculating/mean orbital elements’ conversion (second-order in $J_2$ and up to a given degree and order of the geopotential), and a second-order mapping from the perturbed osculating elements’ set to the local orbital frame. Performances are assessed against the line-of-sight reconstructed out of the precise GPS-based positioning products of the PRISMA mission. The line-of-sight modelled over a far-range one day long scenario can be fitted against the true one presenting residuals of the order of ten arc-seconds, which is below the typical sensor noise at far-range.     

基于复杂型面薄壁零件成形的电铸试验研究

 在航空、航天领域存在诸如风洞喷管、波导元件和叶片电极等异型薄壁零件,采用常规加工方法对这些薄壁零件进行加工时存在着难加工的问题,利用一种新型的电铸技术——阴极平动式游离粒子辅助磨擦电铸技术对其进行直接成形加工。在电铸过程中,阴阳极之间添加不导电的游离粒子,随着阴极的不断运动,游离粒子能够周期性地对电沉积层产生磨擦、抛光、挤压作用,以此来提高表面质量,强化电铸层。与传统电铸技术所制备的电铸镍层进行了对比试验,试验结果表明：游离粒子辅助磨擦电铸技术能够获得表面光亮、平整电铸层;电铸层（200）晶面的衍射强度明显降低,（111）和（220）晶面的衍射强度显著提高;电铸层的机械性能也得到了明显的改善,显微硬度和抗拉强度比传统电铸工艺提高了一倍左右。以此为基础,成功制备了复杂型面叶片阴极,其显微硬度和表面粗糙度都得到了明显改善。     

无人机空中加油自主编队控制器设计

针对自主空中加油(AAR)任务中的飞行器编队形成问题,提出了一个完整的自主控制器方案。采用基于视线的编队制导律控制队形,产生制导指令。针对加油编队过程中产生的模型误差和尾涡扰动等不确定性,基于RBF神经网络和自适应Backstepping方法,设计了UAV姿态和速度非线性控制律来在线逼近和补偿不确定性,保证系统的鲁棒性和稳定性。使用协调转弯方式将航迹角指令转换为姿态指令,以实现控制律对航迹角指令的精确跟踪。最后,仿真结果验证了制导律和控制律的有效性。     

无人机自主空中加油技术探究

作为提高无人机作战效能的有效手段,无人机自主空中加油技术近年来已成为了无人机研究领域的重要发展方向.本文在总结国外无人机自主空中加油技术发展的基础上,指出了基于"插头-锥管"的无人机自主空中加油的关键技术和发展方向,对于研究无人机空中加油技术具有一定的借鉴意义.     

地球非球形对卫星轨道的长期影响及补偿研究

首先建立了地球非球形引力摄动模型,通过对地球非球形引力摄动对卫星轨道的长期影响分析发现,地球非球形引力摄动对卫星轨道升交点赤经和沿迹角的漂移量与时间成近似线性关系;然后推导了通过主动偏置半长轴和倾角的方法来补偿摄动长期影响的计算公式,设计了基于仿真的地球非球形引力摄动补偿方法;最后对GlobalStar星座卫星进行仿真与试验.结果表明,设计的补偿方法是可行的,摄动补偿后在地球非球形引力摄动作用下卫星轨道的长期稳定性得到了很好的保持.     

采用多泵并联变频调速技术实现机场恒压供油

 深入研究了应用多泵并联变频调速技术实现民用机场恒压供油的原理,并通过分析给出了系统启泵、并泵、退泵和停泵的条件。所述的方案被成功地应用于多个民用机场的供油自动化系统,以其诸多优点成为现代化民用机场供油自动化系统的首选方案。