缩短工时创造就业岗位的现实选择

缩短工时能够创造就业机会，提供有效的就业岗位。本文分析比较了国内外就业理论和创造就业实际操作过程的政策选择，认为：应该抓紧对实行35小时／周工作制的研究，并尽快出台相关法案。     

地球-火星的燃料最省小推力转移轨道的设计与优化

小推力转移轨道的设计与优化一直是深空探测轨道设计方面的难点。针对这些问题，提出了一种基于等高线图的初始发射机会搜索方法，该方法通过绘制探测器一火星距离的等高线图寻找满足任务约束的小推力转移轨道发射机会；同时，本文还给出了一种小推力轨道的直接优化算法，该算法通过将连续的控制变量参数化，把轨道优化问题转化为参数优化问题，然后基于所提搜索方法，采用逐次二次规划方法进行求解。数值计算验证了该发射机会初值猜测方法和优化算法的有效性。     

基于零控拦截的EKV末段拦截弹道仿真

为找到一条理想的EKV末段逆轨拦截弹道,基于零控拦截的理想情形进行了相应假设,设计了零控拦截弹道确定过程,完成了EKV末段拦截弹道建模。根据公开的OBV飞行试验资料综合分析了EKV拦截时机和空域,从而为仿真环境的具体构建提供了有益参考,仿真结果与逆轨拦截的实际情形是相符的。     

从月球逃逸探测小行星的发射机会搜索

从月球逃逸探测小行星的发射机会搜索因需考虑日、地、月引力的影响而使问题变得复杂。针对该多体系统的发射机会搜索问题,提出了一种分层渐近的搜索方法。该方法首先通过分析地月系质心与小行星的几何关系,搜索从地月系质心到小行星的发射机会,进而以地月运动为研究对象,推导出了从月球轨道切向逃逸机会的判别条件,并基于此判别条件及等高线图法对逃逸机会进行了搜索。同时,为提高所得发射机会在多体模型下的轨道修正收敛性,给出了基于月心逃逸轨道参数为终端约束的日-地与日-地-月动力学模型的轨道渐近修正方法。最后,以近地小行星(3908)Nyx和(190491)2000 FJ20为例,搜索其从月球逃逸的发射机会,仿真计算表明了该方法的有效性。     

泛在无线信号定位辅助信息的标准化研究

目前利用泛在无线信号进行定位时所需要的特定辅助信息的数据格式和传输方式还没有出台相关标准,这在某种程度上制约了导航定位产业的发展。针对这一问题,提出了通过对卫星导航定位领域广泛使用的RTCM SC-104和NMEA 0183这两种国际标准格式进行扩展,使其包含泛在无线信号定位相关的辅助信息,并将其通过NTRIP协议进行播发,从而实现辅助信息数据格式和传输方式的标准化。该研究有利于传统高精度GNSS定位和泛在无线信号定位的融合,并为实现泛在(无处不在)的室内外一体化定位提供技术支撑。     

Two-dimensional launch window method to search for launch opportunities of interplanetary missions

Accurate and highly efficient approaches to obtain mission opportunities are still the goals of mission planners of interplanetary explorations. The search for launch opportunities not only determines the specified launch window of the mission but also presents the performance requirements for the interplanetary probe and its launch vehicle. An effective method, namely the two-dimensional launch window method, is developed from a completely new perspective to determine all the launch opportunities of the mission in this research. For a fixed launch time, the method to determine all the time windows in the dimension of Time-of-Flight (TOF) is firstly proposed and these time windows represent all the launch opportunities for the given launch time. And then, the two-dimensional launch window method is proposed, which computes the time windows in both the launch time and TOF dimensions to achieve all launch opportunities of the mission. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the accuracy and high efficiency of the method. Compared with the widely-used pock-chop plot method, the proposed method reduces the computational time by two orders of magnitude for the same search precision, and thus is especially suitable for the cases involving rapid, high-precision, and/or large-scale searches for mission opportunities.     

Hierarchical approach for fast searching optimal launch opportunity in a wide range

Launch opportunity search is crucial for preliminary design of interplanetary trajectories. However, it is difficult to obtain the optimum solution efficiently when the range of search is wide. In this paper, a new fast search algorithm based on a modified hierarchical approach is proposed. At the top level, a simplified Pork-Chop diagram is plotted by sampling interpolation to delimit the candidate regions of the optimal solution. Each candidate region contains only one optimal solution, which fundamentally avoids the local optimal problem of genetic algorithms. At the bottom level, a hybrid optimization approach combining the genetic algorithm and the conjugate directions method is used to solve the accurate optimal solution of each candidate region and obtain the global optimal launch opportunity in the whole wide range of search. Simulation results show that the proposed hierarchical approach can quickly and robustly find the global optimal launch opportunity in a wide search space.     

大学生创新创业机会识别和项目生成模型研究

创新创业教育是目前高等院校人才质量培养的重要内容,也是当代大学生完善职业素养和实现高质量就业的重要途径。从大学生创新创业机会识别和创业项目产生的角度进行探索,分析大学生创新创业机会识别的背景和项目生成的条件,进一步提出了大学生创新创业机会识别和项目生成的结构模型,对于大学生从事创新创业理论学习和创业实践,具有一定的现实指导意义。     

我国人力资源开发现状分析

当前我国人力资源开发状况的主要特点为：人口众多、增长速度较快、农村人口多，文化素质较低；劳动力资源十分丰富，平均受教育程度较低。文章在此基础上分析了其产生的原因，最后提出了改变我国人力资源开发落后状况的若干对策。     

星座设计中避免卫星碰撞问题的研究

随着小卫星技术的发展 ,越来越多的航天任务采用小卫星星座来完成 ,在星座的设计过程中需要考虑的因素众多。本文从星座运行的安全性角度 ,分析了星座中卫星发生碰撞的机会和碰撞概率 ,对星座中存在的卫星之间可能发生的碰撞问题进行了研究 ,并提出了解决方法