高频宽范围阻抗测量的一种新方法

本文根据微波网络理论,提出了利用A参量求解高频阻抗的新方法,详细介绍了如何将该方法用于网络分析仪系统测量高频阻抗,并将其测试结果与美国惠普公司生产的专用高频阻抗分析仪HP4191A及该公司最新展出的频谱、网络、阻抗分析仪HP4195A的测试结果作了比较,实践证明,该方法与传统的S参量法相比,大大拓宽了阻抗测量范围,提高了测量精度(能自动地消除联接电缆的影响),且适用于被测件的同轴联接及非同轴联接。此方法对利用各种网络分析仪实现高阻测量具有普遍意义。     

Cosmic Ray Energetics And Mass for the International Space Station (ISS-CREAM)

The Cosmic Ray Energetics And Mass (CREAM) instrument is configured with a suite of particle detectors to measure TeV cosmic-ray elemental spectra from protons to iron nuclei over a wide energy range. The goal is to extend direct measurements of cosmic-ray composition to the highest energies practical, and thereby have enough overlap with ground based indirect measurements to answer questions on cosmic-ray origin, acceleration and propagation. The balloon-borne CREAM was flown successfully for about 161 days in six flights over Antarctica to measure elemental spectra of Z = 1–26 nuclei over the energy range 10¹⁰ to >10¹⁴ eV. Transforming the balloon instrument into ISS-CREAM involves identification and replacement of components that would be at risk in the International Space Station (ISS) environment, in addition to assessing safety and mission assurance concerns. The transformation process includes rigorous testing of components to reduce risks and increase survivability on the launch vehicle and operations on the ISS without negatively impacting the heritage of the successful CREAM design. The project status, including results from the ongoing analysis of existing data and, particularly, plans to increase the exposure factor by another order of magnitude utilizing the International Space Station are presented.     

GNSS Satellite Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (SAIM) using inter-satellite measurements

Integrity is the ability of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) to detect faults in measurements and provide timely warnings to users and operators when the navigation system cannot meet the defined performance standards, which is of great importance for safety of life critical applications. Compared with both Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) and ground based GNSS Integrity Channel (GIC) methods which are widely adopted nowadays, the Satellite Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (SAIM) method can be used to monitor orbit/ephemeris and clock errors, and has advantages in monitoring orbit and clock quality and providing instantaneous responses when faults happen.     

上游叶片尾迹对转子叶片非定常表面压力频谱特性影响的研究

为了研究上游叶片尾迹对轴流压气机转子叶片非定常表面压力的影响,采用在叶片表面埋设微型压力传感器的方法,测量了一个单级低速轴流压气机转子叶片的非定常压力分布。对转子叶片非定常压力分布的分析显示:转子叶片压力面非定常表面压力主要受上游叶片尾迹影响,其主导频率为上游叶片尾迹频率及其倍频,压力波动幅度随上游叶片尾迹的衰减而沿流向减弱。转子叶片吸力面非定常压力受叶片附面层和上游叶片尾迹共同影响,其主导频率为上游叶片尾迹频率及其倍频,但是在吸力面前部气流加速区压力波动幅度沿流向增大,而在吸力面后部气流减速区压力波动幅度沿流向减小。在存在尾缘分离的情况下,在分离区附近产生较大压力波动。尾缘气流分离产生的压力波动频谱中含有上游叶片尾迹频率及其倍频的分量,但其频谱可能比较复杂,并非单一地受上游叶片尾迹影响。      

GPS/INS组合系统空中对准方法研究

针对单天线的GPS与捷联惯性导航组合系统,提出了一种空中对准方案,不同于传统的传递对准方法,仅依靠GPS测量信息进行速度匹配,完成空中初始对准。该方案采用扩展卡尔曼滤波方法解决对准过程中的非线性问题。仿真结果表明该方案的对准精度(1σ)可以达到水平姿态误差0.07,°方位误差0.3°。     

离心压气机转子内近端壁区三维紊流流场

用三维激光多普勒测速系统测量研究了一个离心压气机转子近端壁区三维紊流流场。结果表明,整个叶片通道内叶背角区存在角涡及其伴随涡,叶盆角区存在前缘马蹄涡的叶盆分支,它们的发展、演化较大地影响着附近区域的流动,是造成了所在区域流动阻塞和气流脉动的主要因素。前缘马蹄涡叶背分支沿下游逐渐向叶盆方向发展,与端壁附面层和主流的进一步掺混,并在约 1 /2叶片通道处的叶盆角区与前缘马蹄涡的叶盆分支发生交混,在下游造成一定强度的流动阻塞和紊流脉动带。      

低速轴流压气机转子尾迹三维动态测量

对一台低速轴流压气机的转子尾迹进行了三维动态测量,采用锁相平均、方均根和功率谱密度等分析方法对低速轴流压气机转子在节流过程中尾迹流场的稳态和动态特征进行了研究.结果显示:在绝对坐标系下,转子尾迹有高总压和高方均根特征,且在不同叶高的强度不同;转子尾迹与主流的掺混作用导致平均总压升系数的快速衰减;功率谱密度分析表明,在接近失速点时,转子尾迹90%叶高以上出现0.5倍叶片通过频率的特征频带且其功率随着流量减小而增大.      

直射式喷嘴喷雾特性的实验研究

用二维激光测速测粒仪,对直射式喷嘴在横向气流中所形成喷雾的粒度、平均和脉动速度,以及浓度进行了测量。研究了喷雾的结构,气流速度以及喷射方向对喷雾特性的影响,不同直径的粒子在横向的扩散。为两相流模型的研究以及数值计算结果的验证提供实验数据。      

螺桨飞机缩比模型表面声压预测的验证试验

介绍了在室外进行的螺浆飞机缩比模型的噪声测量试验,目的是验证改进的螺浆飞机声场模型,它可预测任意形状机身边界的表面声压分布。介绍了试验,噪声测量以及预测方法,预测和试验结果的比较表明得到了较满意的符合。      

高超音速后掠激波与边界层干扰流场特性

应用表面油流和液晶温度显示、表面热流率和压力测量四种测试技术,在Ma_∞=7.8、单位长度雷诺数尺Re_∞=3.5×10~7/m条件下,研究了30°迎角尖前缘翼面诱导激波和湍流边界层干扰流场特性。结果表明:表面流动是准锥型,在强相互作用下,流动发生了二次分离和再附,导致表面油流线的流向角、温度、热流率和压力分布均出现明显的凹坑。