用急冷Al基合金作中间层对Si3N4进行扩散焊连接的研究

本文研制了急冷及普通Al基中间层材料,并对其性能及其在对Si_3N_4陶瓷进行扩散焊时用作中间层进行了研究。结果表明:Al基中间层经急冷凝固处理后组织细小,成分均匀,硬度高,熔点低。接头的剪切强度试验结果表明:在同一扩散焊工艺条件下,急冷中间层接头的剪切强度明显高于普通中间层接头的剪切强度。其中急冷Al-Si-In-Ti-Zn-Mg中间层接头在扩散焊温度为475℃时(保温时间30min,压力为15MPa),强度最高(50MPa)。随着扩散焊温度的提高,接头剪切强度明显下降。断口分析表明:接头均断在界面附近。界面附近的富In相是接头强度的薄弱环节。随着扩散焊温度的提高,富In相尺寸增大,接头强度下降。急冷Al基中间层扩散焊连接Si_3N_4陶瓷的机制是:活性元素Ti向界面扩散富集并与Si_3N_4发生化学反应,生成界面相TiN,同时中间层中的Al也向界面富集并与Si_3N_4发生化学反应,生成AIN界面相。     

钛/铝异质金属搅拌摩擦焊技术研究进展

钛合金和铝合金均具有质轻、比强度高和抗腐蚀性能好等优点,已广泛应用于航空航天、军事工业和公共交通等领域,钛/铝异种金属复合结构的连接逐渐成为研究热点。然而,由于物理和化学性能差异明显,钛/铝焊接难度大,存在成形困难、接头性能较差等问题。搅拌摩擦焊作为一种固相焊接方法,对克服异种材料性能差异带来的焊接困难具有极大的优势。本文综述了钛/铝异质金属搅拌摩擦焊的研究现状,主要涉及焊缝成形、焊接参数、力学特征、冶金结合和连接机制等,以及衍生的搅拌摩擦焊新技术,为钛/铝异质金属结构的轻量化设计提供新思路,并对其未来发展进行了展望。     

A review of friction stir joining of SiCp/Al composites

SiCp/Al composites have excellent comprehensive properties and have been widely used in aerospace, automotive industry and other fields. Due to the huge difference in performance between SiC particles and matrix alloys, traditional fusion welding methods are difficult to meet the join requirements of SiCp/Al composites. Friction stir joining (friction stir welding), as a solid phase joining process, has been proved to be a new technology with fine prospect in joining SiCp/Al composites compared with fusion welding process. Although some progress has been made in recent years, there are still full of challenges. In this paper, the research status of friction stir joining of SiCp/Al composites in recent years is expatiated, including the weldability of SiCp/Al composites, the macrostructure and the microstructure of joints, mechanical properties of joints, and tool wear and monitoring. Furthermore, the existing challenges of friction stir joining of SiCp/Al composites are summarized and the future development directions are prospected.     

固体火箭发动机复合裙成型工艺研究

概述了复合裙成型工艺方案、典型复合裙的裙体结构及连接形式．介绍了国内复合裙的研制情况。采用高模量混杂树脂基体配方、整体成型工艺方案、铺层优化分析等技术．研制出~150mm、~480mm及垂1000mm复合裙。试验结果表明．复合材料连接裙性能满足设计指标．与铝裙相比，可减重30％左右。     

纤维缠绕体连接结构设计计算

给出了固体箭发动机纤维缠绕体接头，堵盖，连接螺栓，金属裙和密封结构等的设计计算方法，经实验验证和多种壳体设计应用，证明是行之有效的。     

Friction Stir Welding of Metal Matrix Composites for use in aerospace structures

Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a relatively nascent solid state joining technique developed at The Welding Institute (TWI) in 1991. The process was first used at NASA to weld the super lightweight external tank for the Space Shuttle. Today FSW is used to join structural components of the Delta IV, Atlas V, and Falcon IX rockets as well as the Orion Crew Exploration Vehicle. A current focus of FSW research is to extend the process to new materials which are difficult to weld using conventional fusion techniques. Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs) consist of a metal alloy reinforced with ceramics and have a very high strength to weight ratio, a property which makes them attractive for use in aerospace and defense applications. MMCs have found use in the space shuttle orbiter's structural tubing, the Hubble Space Telescope's antenna mast, control surfaces and propulsion systems for aircraft, and tank armors. The size of MMC components is severely limited by difficulties encountered in joining these materials using fusion welding. Melting of the material results in formation of an undesirable phase (formed when molten Aluminum reacts with the reinforcement) which leaves a strength depleted region along the joint line. Since FSW occurs below the melting point of the workpiece material, this deleterious phase is absent in FSW-ed MMC joints. FSW of MMCs is, however, plagued by rapid wear of the welding tool, a consequence of the large discrepancy in hardness between the steel tool and the reinforcement material. This work characterizes the effect of process parameters (spindle speed, traverse rate, and length of joint) on the wear process. Based on the results of these experiments, a phenomenological model of the wear process was constructed based on the rotating plug model for FSW. The effectiveness of harder tool materials (such as Tungsten Carbide, high speed steel, and tools with diamond coatings) to combat abrasive wear is explored. In-process force, torque, and vibration signals are analyzed to assess the feasibility of on-line monitoring of tool shape changes as a result of wear (an advancement which would eliminate the need for off-line evaluation of tool condition during joining). Monitoring, controlling, and reducing tool wear in FSW of MMCs is essential to the implementation of these materials in structures (such as launch vehicles) where they would be of maximum benefit.     

搅拌摩擦焊技术研究进展

综述了近十年来国内外搅拌摩擦焊技术的发展概况和最新进展，阐述了搅拌摩擦焊技术的原理和工艺特点及其广泛的工业应用前景，指出开展搅拌摩擦焊技术研究的必要性和紧迫性。     

单钉机械连接孔边应力及失效分析

采用非线性Gap单元建立了复合材料层合板单钉连接有限元分析模型,并对五种不同铺层比例的层合板进行了计算,同时,还运用Hoffman失效判据对层合板进行了失效分析.根据计算结果分析了铺层比例对孔边应力分布、钉孔接触力分布和孔边失效系数的影响,得出最优铺层比例方案,其结论对复合材料层合板单钉机械连接设计具有一定的工程参考价值.     

关于飞机数字化装配对接技术的研究

飞机部件对接技术是把构成飞机基本结构的各个部件连接在一起,形成机身、机翼或整个飞机的过程。近年来,随着数控加工技术、激光测量技术、计算机控制技术、机器人技术、计算机网络和应用集成技术的迅猛发展,飞机装配由人工装配转化为半自动化、自动化装配。     

碳纤热塑复合材料激光连接技术研究进展

碳纤热塑复合材料在航空航天、无人机制造、新能源汽车等领域应用前景广阔,高质量的连接是其产业化应用的关键技术之一.介绍了几种碳纤热塑复合材料激光焊接/连接方法的研究现状,分析了当前研究存在的问题,以及未来研究的发展趋势.