Substitution of satellite-based land surface temperature defective data using GSP method

Land surface temperature (LST) as an important environmental variable provides valuable information for earth environmental system modelling. Currently, LST is obtained through satellite thermal sensors at various spatial and temporal resolutions. Although spatially continuous satellite-based LST measurements are intended to overcome the shortcomings of sparse ground-based LST measurements, LST images often contain anomalous values due to the existence of clouds or sensor malfunctioning. The problem becomes more serious where the users deal with high spatial resolution characterized by low temporal resolution. This study examines the capability of a newly developed graph signal processing (GSP) method using two-dimensional single-date thermal data. For this purpose, four Landsat/TIRS datasets are analyzed. The data of five elliptical regions on thermal images are eliminated and then reconstructed through the GSP method and using the LST values of the enclosing rectangles containing the ellipsoids. The results indicate that the temperature variation determined by the GSP method generally conforms to the original image LST values. According to a correlation test conducted on the original image LST and those obtained through the GSP method, the values vary from 58% to 95%, which is an above-the-average rate (RMSE from 0.69 to 2.27). The statistical analysis of the original image LST in both the elliptical regions and the enclosing rectangles containing the ellipsoids indicates that an increase in the variance of LST data causes an increased error in the calculation of temperature by the GSP method, and vice versa. The results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan test indicated that an increase in the number of the non-zero spectral bins would result in increased RMSE values for all the dates and the regions. Moreover, the model errors were significant at the 0.05 level across all the image date and five elliptical study regions. Based on the results, the use of this method is recommended for the reconstruction of LST missing values, where dissimilarity of atmospheric conditions limits the use of other methods that depend on the time series data of various dates and a great deal of data calculation.     

燃气的基准表及图制定

本文在阐述基准的热力学概念基础上,提出了燃气基准的计算方法,应用CHAPPELL推荐的有关燃气热力性质表达式,导出计算燃气基准的公式,通过微机计算,将结果整理成燃气基准的有关表、图。     

胶州湾环境污染—卫星遥感信息分析

陆地卫星主题绘图仪(TM)图象和我国国土普查卫星全景相机照片解译分析与现场调查表明,胶州湾东岸工业废水污染相当严重,主要污染源集中在海泊河、李村河、娄山河以及沧口区沿海一线,污染水带宽达4～7km,在落潮流携带下扩散至湾口外海。由青岛碱厂排污形成的“白滩”污染区现有面积为0.53km~2。青岛市大气污染严重,源自市区的烟羽宽达14km,顺风飘逸远达30km,势必造成酸雨等灾害。     

Developing countries and remote sensing: how intergovernmental factors impede progress

Developing countries lag significantly behind more advanced nations in the local adoption and application of satellite remote sensing technology. Narrowing this gap through appropriate international cooperation is, however, often constrained by national interests and priorities. The paper presents an overview of several of these inter-governmental constraints using as its main basis the outcomes of recent regional and international conferences hosted by the United Nations. Future enhancement of international cooperation in remote sensing will occur best within settings where both developing and technologically advanced countries are sensitive and responsive to each other's concerns.     

一种基于移步预测消除脉冲串扰的快速算法

以毫米波主被动复合探测器为工程应用背景,通过分析信号的特点,提出一种基于移步预测思想的快速算法来消除脉冲调制信号对被动通道信号的串扰。仿真分析和实验结果表明,该方法对改善信噪比效果明显,而且具有成本低、速度快和易于工程化实现的优点。     

低轨道带可变翼的平板型极高真空分子屏

本文计算了在低轨道自由飞行的平板型分子屏（ＷａｋｅＳｈｉｅｌｄＦａｃｉｌｉｔｙ）加了可变翼后，分子屏后实验区的压力分布。计算中考虑了分子屏和翼材料出气对实验区压力的影响。本文并对加可变翼和不加可变翼、考虑出气和不考虑出气几种情形进行了计算和比较。我们的结果表明：给轨道分子屏加上可变翼后，其实验区的压力可比不加可变翼降低一个数量级以上，压力达１０－１３Ｐａ。本文的研究表明，这种给轨道分子屏加可变翼的模型对更好的利用分子屏环境是非常有利的。     

燃气收缩式作动器--一种新颖高效的着陆缓冲装置

文章介绍一种新颖的着陆缓冲装置——燃气收缩式作动器。可是在回收物体乘降落伞着陆前,通过回收物体快速向上（向降落伞方向）提升,抵消物伞系统的垂直下降速度,从而达到回收物体以很小的速度着陆,实现回收物体的软着陆。     

天地一体化遥感信息应用网络体系的发展

随着世界各国发射入轨的航天器的增多 ,由多种遥感卫星系统组成的 ,包括地面应用系统在内的天地一体卫星应用网络体系即将形成。文章介绍了国外天地一体化网络系统建设方面的现状与趋势 ,分析了天地一体化遥感信息应用网络体系的特点 ,并指出了中国建设天地一体化遥感应用网络体系的必要性     

一种新型级间分离技术研究

本文对一种含固体燃气发生器的级间分离技术进行了研究。首先给出了分离的总体方案，建立了级间段气体压强瞬变的数学模型和导弹两级的运动模型，并利用流体动力学软件对级间段充气过程进行了模拟。简要介绍了固体燃气发生器的设计，并给出燃气发生器装药的选取原则。最后通过对某型号导弹的计算，证明这种级间分离方案是可行的。     

从国外航天遥感器系统的发展现状中得到的启示

文中对德国、法国、印度和美国航天光学遥感器研制情况的一个侧面进行了简述。从中可了解到其发展态势,即朝着大型综合性系统、小卫星系统以及各种卫星的综合协作方向发展。文中着重就综合性、组合式系统的特点稍展开分析。值得提出的是,多相机组合以多种模式选择功能以及任务使命排序工作,有时又可以“大像元”形式工作,这种设计可以解决数传或图像数据记录能力的不足,能完成多种、多类用户的要求。