Late Stages of Stellar Evolution

A large fraction of ISO observing time was used to study the late stages of stellar evolution. Many molecular and solid state features, including crystalline silicates and the rotational lines of water vapour, were detected for the first time in the spectra of (post-)Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) stars. Their analysis has greatly improved our knowledge of stellar atmospheres and circumstellar environments. A surprising number of objects, particularly young planetary nebulae with Wolf-Rayet (WR) central stars, were found to exhibit emission features in their ISO spectra that are characteristic of both oxygen-rich and carbon-rich dust species, while far-IR observations of the PDR around NGC 7027 led to the first detections of the rotational line spectra of CH and CH⁺. Based on observations with ISO, an ESA project with instruments funded by ESA Member States (especially the PI countries: France, Germany, The Netherlands, and the United Kingdom), and with the participation of ISAS and NASA.     

炭/炭复合材料防氧化涂层研究进展

介绍了近两年国内外开发的几种C/C复合材料高性能抗氧化涂层的微观结构和高温氧化行为,表明SiC-Al2O3-莫来石、SiC晶须增韧陶瓷、硅酸钇等涂层1500℃静态空气环境下均具有长时间防氧化能力,部分涂层还具有优良的抗热震性能。其中采用原位形成法制备的硅酸钇涂层具有极佳的抗氧化性能,可在1600℃空气中对C/C复合材料有效保护200 h。此外,还介绍了部分涂层的失效机理,并就C/C复合材料抗氧化涂层下一步研究重点提出一些见解。     

碳纤维复合材料高压球形容器研制

采用变带距方法对球形容器进行优化设计，并研制了一批产品。试验结果表明，在纤维设计应力相同条件下，采用变带距缠绕的球形容器，其复合材料重量比等带距缠绕的轻２４．５６％，而其容器特性系数高出１０．４％，能同时满足设计提出的强度和重量两方面要求。     

气体渗碳过程的动态控制

利用气体渗碳物质传递数学模型来仿真计算碳浓度分布，并根据计算结果在计算机上拟合出碳浓度与时间、温度、气氛碳势之间的关系式，此关系式对气体渗碳的动态控制具有指导意义。     

掺磷纳米硅薄膜的微结构

采用喇曼(Raman)散射谱、高分辨率电子显微镜(HRTEM)和原子力显微镜(AFM)对掺磷纳米硅薄膜的微结构进行了分析,并对纳米硅薄膜的传导机制进行了探讨.结果表明:掺磷纳米硅薄膜由尺寸为2～4*#nm的晶粒和2～3个原子层厚的非晶界面构成,计算得到薄膜的晶态比为40%～55%.与本征纳米硅薄膜相比,掺磷纳米硅薄膜晶粒尺寸和晶态比没有明显变化,电导率却提高了2个数量级.随着掺磷浓度增加,纳米硅薄膜的晶粒尺寸、晶态比及电导率逐渐增大.AFM观察表明掺磷纳米硅薄膜由尺寸介于15～20*#nm的团簇构成,团簇排列具有带状特征.     

Study on the Microstructure and Dielectric Properties of Barium Strontium Titanate Thin Films Prepared by Sol-gel Method

Sr05Ba0.5-xBixTiO3 （BST） thin films were fabricated on a Pt/SiO2/Si substrate by the sol-gel method. Then follows an investigation of the influeoces of bismuth （Bi） on the microstructures and the dielectric properties of Sr0.5Ba0.5-xBixTiO3 （BST） thin films. The microstructures of the BST thin films were examined by the XRD and the TEM techniques. Tetragonal perovskite crystal grains were observed in BST thin films. Increasing Bi^3＋ doping ration in BST will lead to decrease of the grain size. It is found that Bi^3＋ doping decreases the dielectric loss and improves the frequency dispersion of the BST thin films. Not only is compressed the peak of temperature-dependence of dielectric constant of Bi^3＋-doped BST thin films but also moves into the low-temperature region. Moreover, the average Curie tem- perature decreases gradually with the Bi^3＋ contents increasing.     

离子镀Ti(N,C)耐磨镀层成分与性能研究

 用空心阴极离子镀技术,在常用的不锈钢(1Cr18Ni9Ti)基材上,镀制Ti(N,C)耐磨镀层。对镀层的成分进行了分析,讨论了镀层成分的耐磨性,显微硬度和附着力的影响。通过对Ti(N,C)镀层与TiN和TiC镀层性能的对比,肯定了Ti(N,C)复合化合物镀层具有更优越的耐磨性和附着力。     

制备工艺对金刚石形核质量的影响

研究了制备工艺对微波等离子体ＣＶＤ金刚石成膜质量的影响。详细讨论了基片在等离子体中的位置、基片台结构、Ｎ２等离子体预处理及启动条件对金刚石成膜均匀性的影响。提出了能获得均匀金刚石膜的制备工艺程序。     

槽外聚能式超声波法清除燃油总管内腔积碳

为了克服用传统方法清除燃油总管内腔积碳的不彻底性，提出了槽外聚能式超声波清洗法。首先着重介绍了应用槽外聚能式超声波清洗技术清除发动机燃油总管内腔积碳的基本原理然后介绍了燃油总管专用超声波清洗机的开发与研制，以及超声波清洗工艺的研究过程，最终确定了槽外聚能式超声波清洗法清除燃油总管内腔积碳的清洗液配方和工艺路线。并成功应用于某大修机的生产过程。     

BH新型憎水剂及其憎水膜层“三防腐蚀”性能研究

研究了BH系列(BH 102和BH 103)憎水剂的合成工艺、技术指标、憎水处理成膜工艺以及憎水膜层的憎水效果和耐腐蚀性能。结果表明,BH系列憎水剂的憎水效果良好,在零件表面形成的憎水膜层能达到105°以上的憎水角;同时经BH系列憎水剂处理后的钢铁磷化表面的耐腐蚀性能得到明显改善,具有优良的"三防腐蚀"性能,其中含有复配缓蚀剂的BH 103憎水膜层的耐腐蚀性更优于添加单一缓蚀剂的BH 102憎水膜层。