Ti-22Al-25Nb合金剪切旋压过程中显微组织演化

通过剪切旋压试验,研究了旋压温度(910℃和1000℃)和减薄率(0、10%和30%)对Ti-22Al-25Nb合金显微组织的影响,探讨了旋压过程中的显微组织演化规律。结果表明:Ti-22Al-25Nb(原子数分数)合金旋压组织主要由α2相、B2相和O相组成,在旋压过程中,B2晶粒沿旋轮进给方向被拉长,且伴随有动态再结晶现象发生;温度主要影响Ti-22Al-25Nb合金中α2相与O相的尺寸和形貌,随着旋压温度的升高,O相片层逐渐变短并粗化,α2相趋向等轴化;变形量主要影响α2相体积分数与O相形貌,随着减薄率的增大,α2相体积分数逐渐减少,O相从片层状转变为短棒状。因此,Ti-22Al-25Nb合金剪切旋压过程中不仅发生晶粒变形与动态再结晶现象,更涉及复杂的相变行为,组织控制困难。     

F-22战斗机管理创新研究

F-22项目是一个典型的国防武器采办项目,其管理工具和方法确保了F-22项目能够成为有序的、管理良好的项目并取得成功.本文主要介绍了F-22项目的团队组成及职责、阶段划分及任务管理、创新管理和存在的问题等,以期能为我国武器装备项目管理提供一些有益的参考,促进我国武器装备事业的发展.     

国外军用飞机航空电子系统发展趋势

介绍了国外军用飞机航空电子系统结构的演变、各种航空电子系统结构的特点以及这些系统系统结构的具体应用;分析了国外军用飞机航空电子系统的发展趋势以及未来航空电子领域一些关键技术。     

草酸钠体系中Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al钛合金阳极氧化膜的制备与表征

对Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al钛合金在草酸钠为主盐的新型无氟环保电解液体系中的阳极氧化进行了研究,成功制备出阳极氧化膜。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)等仪器研究了氧化膜的形貌、组成和相结构。采用电化学方法研究了阳极氧化后钛合金的耐腐蚀性能。结果表明:膜层具有多孔结构,孔径范围在80nm～1μm之间。膜层的主要成分是无定形的TiO2,同时有锐钛矿相及金红石相TiO2的存在。阳极氧化后钛合金的耐蚀性有显著的提高。     

F-22未能成为舰载战斗机原因浅析

从经济可承受性、进度、海上作战需求和航母适配性等方面，论述F-22未能成为舰载战斗机的原因。     

先进战斗机的飞行控制计算机系统研究

 先进战斗机具有超声速巡航、隐身性、敏捷性和短距/垂直起降(STOVL)等技术特征。这要求先进战斗机不但在气动外形和推进系统与传统战斗机不同,而且还必须改善飞行控制系统的结构和功能。首先详细分析了F-22战斗机和联合攻击机（JSF）的飞行控制计算机系统组成和结构,并对它们的典型特征进行了分析。随后,根据中国目前的微电子工业技术和软件技术水平,探讨了研制适合中国的下一代战斗机飞控计算机系统的多项关键技术和发展思路。     

F-22隐身战斗机的创新性电子战作战模式

F-22隐身战斗机为了在作战中实现真正意义上的战术"隐身",没有装备传统的有源干扰机和大功率搜索雷达,所装备的ALR-94无源系统成了检测、跟踪甚至攻击目标的关键设备,探测距离达463km,而其APG-77有源电扫描阵列雷达,能有节制地用很窄的似"激光波束"探测目标,信号强度、延续时间和空间形状严格受辐射管理,必要时还能产生大功率干扰波束,简直成了能干扰雷达的有源压制干扰机.F-22也因此摆脱了传统的电子战作战模式,进行一种创新概念的电子战,没有电子干扰(攻击)设备的电子战.     

F-22机载火控雷达系统研究

通过有源相控阵技术、低噪声接收部件、紧凑布局和高级模态开发 ,F - 2 2雷达系统实现了在性能、可靠性和低可探测性方面的大幅提升。本文基于载机综合航电系统概念 ,在分析APG - 77雷达系统硬软件体系结构的基础上 ,探讨了F - 2 2雷达在生存性、杀伤性、可靠性和保障性等方面的独特优势 ,讨论了有源相控阵技术在低雷达散射截面战斗机上应用的折衷考虑。     

Two intense Forbush decreases of solar activity cycle 22

We study two intense Forbush decreases that occurred during two adjacent SOLTIP (Solar connection of Transient Interplanetary Processes) intervals; namely SOLTIP 1 (22–27 March 1991) and SOLTIP 2 (1–17 June 1991); galactic cosmic ray intensity at the depth of the second Forbush decrease was the lowest ever recorded since continuous monitoring by Climax neutron monitor began in 1951 (58% below the solar minimum value of 1954), indicating extreme conditions in the heliosphere that prevented galactic cosmic rays from reaching the Earth. These decreases were seen propagating in outer heliosphere by the deep space missions Voyagers 1, 2 and Pioneer 10, 11, with suitable time delays. We analyze hourly, pressure corrected, neutron monitor data from the global sites in both hemispheres, and muon telescopes located underground; they respond to 10–300 GV range of the galactic cosmic ray spectrum. This circumstance provides us an ideal opportunity to study the rigidity dependence of the amplitudes of the two Forbush decreases. In both cases the amplitude is found to be a power law in rigidity, with negative exponents.     

The potential for radiometric retrievals of halocarbon concentrations from the MIPAS-E instrument

Halocarbons, such as CFC-11, CFC-12 and HCFC-22, are important trace gases in the atmosphere through their role as greenhouse gases and their influence on stratospheric ozone chemistry. This paper focuses on an initial study using integration of spectral radiance measurements from a spaceborne limb sounding Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS) to retrieve these compounds in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS). The instrument employed in this study is the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding onboard ENVISAT (MIPAS-E) which obtains spectral data in the altitude range of 6–68 km at an unapodized spectral resolution of 0.025 cm⁻¹. We have used optimal estimation techniques to retrieve vertical information for these compounds using a radiometric approach.

It is shown that significant retrieval information is obtained at up to five measured levels in the UTLS for CFC-11, up to six for CFC-12 and up to two levels for HCFC-22. An initial error analysis indicates significant sensitivity of our retrievals to variability in operationally retrieved pressure and temperature data. For each halocarbon, gain, offset and spectroscopic uncertainties generally each contribute less than 10% to the total error. Finally, tracer correlations are used to compare the datasets to equivalent relationships derived here from version 2 ATMOS data with very good agreements for CFC-12 but with more variability in the CFC-11 comparisons.