FY-2气象卫星在轨管理工程测控关键技术(上)

介绍了风云二号(FY—2)地球静止轨道自旋气象卫星工程测控的关键技术。分析了位置保持、姿态确定、星蚀和日凌的原理，给出了位置保持、姿态控制策略和地影、月影、日凌预报算法。并提出了一种检验定姿结果正确性的方法，提供了相应的工程计算参数。这些策略都已成功地用于FY—2卫星的在轨管理工程测控。     

关于厚薄板弯曲分析的内位移杂交元法

 本文通过引入单元内位移和优化处理的单元应力场,以计入剪切变形的板弯曲能量泛函为基础,导出适用于厚、薄板分析的四边形杂交应力元。内力场和内位移的合理选择避免了单元零能模式的出现、避免了解的剪切自锁现象。该优化单元显示了较好的通用性和收敛性。对关于剪切自锁的RCI判据提出了反例、说明了它的局限性。     

On the station keeping of a solar sail in the elliptic Sun–Earth system

In this work we focus on the dynamics of a solar sail in the Sun–Earth Elliptic Restricted Three-Body Problem with solar radiation pressure. The considered situation is the motion of a sail close to the L₁ point, but displacing the equilibrium point with the sail so that it is possible to have continuous communication with the Earth. In previous works we derived a station keeping strategy for this situation but using the Circular RTBP as a model.     

快速响应侦察的测控通信与地面站布设研究

快速响应侦察是空间快速响应技术的一个重要应用,而合理布设地面站以保障侦察卫星的发射测控和快速数据回收是侦察任务顺利完成的基础。通过分析近地快速覆盖轨道和近地重复覆盖轨道的对地覆盖特性,针对发射测控和快速数据回收提出了地面站的布设原则,结合我国领土特点给出了这2类轨道的地面站布设方案,并求解了该方案所能提供的发射测控弧段长度和侦察数据返回时间。分析表明,在我国境内布设地面站以保障快速响应侦察卫星的发射测控和快速数据回收是可行的,其数据返回时间小于1个轨道周期。     

利用定标站对旋转扫描扇形波束散射计的信号频率估计

该文基于中法海洋卫星(Chinese-French Oceanic Satellite,CFOSAT)雷达散射计系统参数,给出了可行的在轨Doppler预补偿方法并利用地面定标站实现对RFSCAT信号频率的估计.对比了3种信号频率估计方法,通过仿真分析表明,可达到优于0.05kHz的频率估计精度.仿真结果表明,通过把估计的频率与Doppler预补偿查找表和Doppler频率进行比较,可实现对RFSCAT在轨Doppler预补偿状态及生命周期内的载频漂移监测.     

Remote upgrading of a space-borne instrument

The main purposes of experiment “Obstanovka” (“Environment” in Russian) consisting of several instruments are to measure a set of electromagnetic and plasma phenomena characterizing the space weather conditions, and to evaluate how such a big and highly energy consuming body as the International Space Station disturbs the surrounding plasma, and how the station itself is charged due to the operation of so many instruments, solar batteries, life supporting devices, etc. Two identical Langmuir electrostatic probes are included in the experiment “Obstanovka”. In this paper the Langmuir probes for “Obstanovka” experiment are described, including the choice of geometry (spherical or cylindrical), a more reliable method for the sweep voltage generation, an adaptive algorithm for the probe’s operation. Special attention is paid to the possibility for remote upgrading of the instrument from the ground using the standard communication channels.     

椭圆轨道卫星对地全球覆盖电推进控制

针对椭圆轨道卫星近/远地点的星下点对全球或特定纬度区域的访问问题,提出一种连续小推力下的对地覆盖控制策略。首先,推导了自然摄动对卫星拱线变化的影响,并探讨了进行小推力覆盖控制的必要性。然后,针对燃料消耗的优化问题,将控制方程展开成含傅里叶级数的形式,用以获得便于星上计算的解析形式的次优解,同时探讨了截取阶数与优化程度的关系。在进行拱线控制的同时,通过合理设置约束,对椭圆轨道的近地点高度进行保护,确保卫星安全运行。仿真结果表明,提出的方法能够以适当的燃料消耗代价实现椭圆轨道的近/远地点的全球覆盖控制或特定纬度区域的反复推扫,且控制力在可接受的范围内。     

美、俄航天器与"国际空间站"交会的轨道分析

发射航天器与"国际空间站"进行交会对接是美国和俄罗斯两国常规性的航天活动,在每次这类飞行的全过程中因特网的有关网站都将北美航天防空司令部(NORAD)追踪测量得到的航天器的轨道根数予以公布。据此对2005年7月美国航天飞机与"国际空间站"的交会对接以及2006年3-4月俄罗斯的联盟TMA-8载人飞船与"国际空间站"的交会对接过程的轨道进行了分析。     

Determination of station positions and velocities from laser ranging observations to Ajisai,Starlette and Stella satellites

The positions and velocities of the four Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) stations: Yarragadee (7090), Greenbelt (7105), Graz (7839) and Herstmonceux (7840) from 5-year (2001–2005) SLR data of low orbiting satellites (LEO): Ajisai, Starlette and Stella were determined. The orbits of these satellites were computed from the data provided by 20 SLR stations. All orbital computations were performed by means of NASA Goddard’s GEODYN-II program. The geocentric coordinates were transformed to the topocentric North–South, East–West and Vertical components in reference to ITRF2005. The influence of the number of normal points per orbital arc and the empirical acceleration coefficients on the quality of station coordinates was studied. To get standard deviation of the coordinates determination lower than 1 cm, the number of the normal points per site had to be greater than 50. The computed positions and velocities were compared to those derived from LAGEOS-1/LAGEOS-2 data. Three parameters were used for this comparison: station coordinates stability, differences from ITRF2005 positions and velocities. The stability of coordinates of LEO satellites is significantly worse (17.8 mm) than those of LAGEOS (7.6 mm), the better results are for Ajisai (15.4 mm) than for Starlette/Stella (20.4 mm). The difference in positions between the computed values and ITRF2005 were little bit worse for Starlette/Stella (6.6 mm) than for LAGEOS (4.6 mm), the results for Ajisai were five times worse (29.7 mm) probably due to center of mass correction of this satellite. The station velocities with some exceptions were on the same level (≈1 mm/year) for all satellites. The results presented in this work show that results from Starlette/Stella are better than those from Ajisai for station coordinates determination. We can applied the data from LEO satellites, especially Starlette and Stella for determination of the SLR station coordinates but with two times lower accuracy than when using LAGEOS data.