Impact of rain on wave retrieval from Sentinel-1 synthetic aperture radar images in tropical cyclones

The main objective of our work was to investigate the impact of rain on wave observations from C-band (~5.3 GHz) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) in tropical cyclones. In this study, 10 Sentinel-1 SAR images were available from the Satellite Hurricane Observation Campaign, which were taken under cyclonic conditions during the 2016 hurricane season. The third-generation wave model, known as Simulating WAves Nearshore (SWAN) (version 41.31), was used to simulate the wave fields corresponding to these Sentinel-1 SAR images. In addition, rainfall data from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission satellite passing over the spatial coverage of the Sentinel-1 SAR images were collected. The simulated results were validated against significant wave heights (SWHs) from the Jason-2 altimeter and European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts data, revealing a root mean square error (RMSE) of ~0.5 m with a 0.25 scatter index. Winds retrieved from the VH-polarized Sentinel-1 SAR images using the Sentinel-1 Extra Wide-swath Mode Wind Speed Retrieval Model after Noise Removal were taken as prior information for wave retrieval. It was discovered that rain did indeed affect the SAR wave retrieval, as evidenced by the 3.21-m RMSE of SWHs between the SAR images and the SWAN model, which was obtained for the ~1000 match-ups with raindrops. The raindrops dampened the wave retrieval when the rain rate was < ~5 mm/hr; however, they enhanced wave retrieval for higher rain rates. It was also found that the portion of the rain-induced ring wave with a wave number > 0.05 rad/m (~125 m wavelength) was clearly observed in the SAR-derived wave spectra.     

燃气收缩式作动器--一种新颖高效的着陆缓冲装置

文章介绍一种新颖的着陆缓冲装置——燃气收缩式作动器。可是在回收物体乘降落伞着陆前,通过回收物体快速向上（向降落伞方向）提升,抵消物伞系统的垂直下降速度,从而达到回收物体以很小的速度着陆,实现回收物体的软着陆。     

着陆缓冲技术综述

着陆缓冲技术是空间飞行器返回技术的重要组成部分。利用着陆缓冲装置可以明显降低降落伞的面积、减小回收系统的重量,同时大幅度降低飞行器着陆时的冲击载荷。近些年来,着陆缓冲技术有了些新的发展。文中对已有的着陆缓冲装置进行了分类,对每种类型的技术性能、使用范围作了评述。     

微波衰减测量过程失控的原因分析及解决方案

针对高频串联替代法微波衰减测量标准装置测量过程所出现的失控现象 ,从测量标准仪器、被测仪器、测量方法、人为因素等方面分析了失控的原因 ,制定并实施了相应的解决方案 ,使测量过程恢复到统计受控状态     

利用林胶茶人工群落减弱台风对橡胶林破坏机理的风洞模拟试验研究

本文研究台风登陆时（中性大层结）胶茶人工群落内部及上部风速的变化，湍流结构的变化及阻力的变化，来分析判断基减弱台风破坏的机理，评定最佳防风效果的林胶茶人工群落方案。试验研究证明台风吹向胶茶人工群落，台风越过和穿过林带，由于气流与树冠，枝叶的冲击与摩作用，使台风风速大大降低，使动能大大损失，使原来动能强和湍流弱的较大尺度旋涡的台风，变成旋涡尺度较小的动能弱湍流强的湍流，湍流能量的增强反映了风速递减率     

An Artificial Neural Network based approach for estimation of rain intensity from spectral moments of a Doppler Weather Radar

By using a Doppler Weather Radar (DWR) at Shriharikota (13.66°N & 80.23°E), an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based technique is proposed to improve the accuracy of rain intensity estimation. Three spectral moments of a Doppler spectra are utilized as an input data to an ANN. Rain intensity, as measured by the tipping bucket rain gauges around the DWR station, are considered as a target values for the given inputs. Rain intensity as estimated by the developed ANN model is validated by the rain gauges measurements. With the help of a developed technique, reasonable improvement in the estimation of rain intensity is observed. By using the developed technique, root mean square error and bias are reduced in the range of 34–18% and 17–3% respectively, compared to Z–R approach.     

基于含间隙吸振器的半主动振动控制

提出一种基于刚度分段线性动力吸振器的半主动振动控制策略，通过调节弹性元件的间隙实现吸振器工作频率连续跟踪外激励频率的变化。文中根据基波平衡导出了使主系统近似完全消振所需的弹性元件间隙控制律。数值仿真表明：这种半主动控制策略对于单自由度主系统和多自由度主系统均有很好的消振效果和相当宽的工作频带     

基于原始响应的复杂结构抑振设计

本文用主次结构动态综合的观点来研究复杂结构的抑振设计问题。提出了一种简便实用的设计方法,它不需主结构的激励信息,可直接依据原结构的响应及少数点上的频响函数在现场实施。文中以吸振设计为例,简便地导出了一般结构局部及,全局完全消振的条件,讨论了宽频带响应的吸振问题。最后以计算机模拟及自由梁的抑振实验证实了文中结果。     

光纤综合特性测试仪测量不确定度评定

根据计量工作中测量不确定度评定的实践经验,对光纤综合特性测试仪在计量时的测量不确定度进行了分析、评定。     

新型复合材料警棍的研制

对新型复合材料警棍的制造进行了研究,探索了几种不同复合材料芯材的结构和成型工艺,确定警棍内部芯材为圆柱弹簧形式.对复合材料警棍进行了弯曲回弹力、弯曲回复率、减振等性能的测试和分析.通过与传统金属芯材警棍进行对比,复合材料警棍符合国际惯例,使用性能优良.