异步电动机的最小能量运行点

在异步电动机的一般数学模型基础之上，提出了本文使用的数学模型。和一般数学模型相比，此模型对异步电动机转子电阻的变化较不敏感。借助异步电动机的期望电磁转矩，推导出了参数化的状态运行点(定子电流和磁链在稳定状态下的值)一最小能量运行点，得到异步电动机的最小能量运行条件。     

Simulating planetary wave propagation to the upper atmosphere during stratospheric warming events at different mountain wave scenarios

Parameterization schemes of atmospheric normal modes (NMs) and orographic gravity waves (OGWs) have been implemented into the mechanistic Middle and Upper Atmosphere Model (MUAM) simulating atmospheric general circulation. Based on the 12-members ensemble of runs with the MUAM, a composite of the stratospheric warming (SW) has been constructed using the UK Met Office data as the lower boundary conditions. The simulation results show that OGW amplitudes increase at altitudes above 30 km in the Northern Hemisphere after the SW event. At altitudes of about 50 km, OGWs have largest amplitudes over North American and European mountain systems before and during the composite SW, and over Himalayas after the SW. Simulations demonstrate substantial (up to 50–70%) variations of amplitudes of stationary planetary waves (PWs) during and after the SW in the mesosphere-lower thermosphere of the Northern Hemisphere. Westward travelling NMs have amplitude maxima not only in the Northern, but also in the Southern Hemisphere, where these modes have waveguides in the middle and upper atmosphere. Simulated variations of PW and NM amplitudes correspond to changes in the mean zonal wind, EP-fluxes and wave refractive index at different phases of the composite SW events. Inclusion of the parameterization of OGW effects leads to decreases in amplitudes (up to 15%) of almost all SPWs before and after the SW event and their increase (up to 40–60%) after the SW in the stratosphere and mesosphere at middle and high northern latitudes. It is suggested that observed changes in NM amplitudes in the Southern Hemisphere during SW could be caused by divergence of increased southward EP-flux. This EP-flux increases due to OGW drag before SW and extends into the Southern Hemisphere.     

挠性航天器的鲁棒多目标姿态控制器设计

航天器挠性附件的振动难以直接测量且对航天器的姿态控制精度产生不利影响。为解决这一问题,提出一种基于观测器的鲁棒多目标姿态控制系统设计方法,借助特征结构配置的参数化方法,给出了含有自由参向量的控制器以及观测器的完整参数化形式。通过对自由参向量的多目标优化选取,使控制系统具有良好的鲁棒性和干扰抑制能力,并避免了控制输出饱和现象的发生。对一个挠性航天器的设计实例表明了方法的有效性。
     

带分流叶片离心压气机优化设计

为探索带分流叶片离心压气机的优化方法,进一步提高气动性能,建立带分流叶片离心压气机优化系统:运用Bézier函数建立叶型的参数化表征方法,并采用人工神经网络建立目标函数和几何优化变量间的对应关系,结合遗传算法求解优化命题。为验证系统可行性,以极大化等熵效率为优化目标,针对带分流叶片的离心压气机进行优化设计。结果表明:该优化系统明显提高带分流叶片离心压气机的气动性能,优化后设计点等熵效率提高3.68%,压比提高0.506,设计转速下全工况范围内效率明显提升,综合稳定裕度增大;优化后90%,50%叶高波前马赫数有明显降低,前缘激波有所减弱,激波与附面层相互作用引起的损失减小,二次流得到抑制,叶尖通道内大范围低速区明显消退;叶片载荷重新分配,分流叶片载荷一部分转移至主叶片。     

A parameterized geometry design method for inward turning inlet compatible waverider

Intensive studies have been carried out on generations of waverider geometry and hypersonic inlet geometry. However, integration efforts of waverider and related air-intake system are restricted majorly around the X43A-like or conical flow field induced configuration, which adopts mainly the two-dimensional air-breathing technology and limits the judicious visions of developing new aerodynamic profiles for hypersonic designers. A novel design approach for integrating the inward turning inlet with the traditional parameterized waverider is proposed. The proposed method is an alternative means to produce a compatible configuration by linking the off-the-shelf results on both traditional waverider techniques and inward turning inlet techniques. A series of geometry generations and optimization solutions is proposed to enhance the lift-to-drag ratio. A quantitative but efficient aerodynamic performance evaluation approach （the hypersonic flow panel method） with lower computational cost is employed to play the role of objective function for opti- mization purpose. The produced geometry compatibility with a computational fluid dynamics （CFD） solver is also verified for detailed flow field investigation. Optimization results and other numerical validations are obtained for the feasibility demonstration of the proposed method.     

偏置式冗余空间机械臂逆运动学求解的参数化方法

针对肩、肘、腕均有偏置的空间站遥操作机械臂（SSRMS）型7DOF冗余机械臂,提出了逆运动学求解的关节角参数化及臂型角参数化两种方法。前者根据机械臂的臂型特征,推导以θ1、θ2、θ6、θ7中的一个作为给定参数时其他关节角的表达式,得出8种可能解;后者首先构造与SSRMS型机械臂相对应的零偏置球关节-旋转关节-球关节（SRS）机械臂,然后以臂型角为参数求解SRS机械臂的逆运动学,再根据SSRMS与SRS机械臂的关系,得到SSRMS的8组逆解。仿真算例校验了所提方法的有效性。     

基于特征的航空发动机涡轮叶片参数化设计

从零件层、特征层和参数层的角度,详细分析和阐述了涡轮叶片及其叶身特征、叶身附属特征和标准件之间的关系.给出了涡轮叶片的叶身特征、标准件,以及叶身附属特征中的扰流柱和隔肋特征参数化设计的实例.详细介绍了扰流柱和隔肋的参数化设计过程,以程序设计结合标准模板件的方式实现了扰流柱和隔肋的参数化设计.     

面向螺旋铣削的叶身曲面重构的参数化方法

针对螺旋铣削中普通造型方法得到的叶身型面往往出现扭曲,严重影响螺旋铣削刀位轨迹的问题,提出了一种针对螺旋铣削的叶身曲面重构的参数化方法。该方法首先根据单条叶片截面线的特征,采用累加弦长参数化和等弧长参数化离散的方法,实现单条截面线的参数化,从而得到高质量的截面线。然后在此基础上,从叶身曲面的V向和U向对叶身曲面重新参数化。最后对截面线进行放样,实现叶身曲面的重构。试验结果表明叶身曲面质量较高,能够较好地满足螺旋铣削刀位轨迹的规划要求。     

月球探测器动力下降段最优轨迹参数化方法

为保证月球探测器进入姿态调整段时具有充分的高度与速度余量,本文提出一种基于控制变量参数化的月球探测器动力下降段最优轨迹求解方法。在三维探测器软着陆动力学模型基础上,将月球探测器软着陆制导律设计等效为燃料最优约束下的探测器俯仰角控制问题,利用控制变量参数化(Control Variables Parameterization, CVP)方法将该控制问题中的控制变量与约束条件转化为非线性规划问题求解,并引入时间尺度变换,将着陆时间序列加入待规划参数,进而求得满足精度的最优数值解。蒙特卡罗仿真实验表明,与传统的显式制导律相比,本文提出的参数化制导方法在动力下降段燃料更省,动力下降段的起始高度在±20%范围内波动时,仍能以高精度速度和高度指标完成末制导。     

三组元液体火箭发动机系统方案设计与比较

通过对发动机组件进行参数化设计和分析，利用系统平衡条件，设计出不同方案下的三组元液体火箭发动机。结果表明：当室压低于12．7MPa时，应当采用氧氧富燃燃气发生器循环；高于该值时，应采用分级燃烧循环，为进一步研制三组元液体火箭发动机原理样机奠定了基础。