A new interpretation of the historical records of observing Venus in daytime with naked eye: Focusing on the meteorological factors in the astronomical observation records

Observing Venus during the daytime is challenging. However, observational data of Venus during the daytime can be found in history books from East Asian countries such as Korea, China and Japan. In this study, we are focused on data from Korean history book, and using records left in the Joseon wangjo sillok, one of the Korean history books from the Joseon dynasty (CE 1392–1910), tries to prove whether the reported observations were actual observation data. We collected these 4663 records from the Joseon wangjo sillok to determine whether they were actual observations, and to confirm the scientific validity of the records. When we looked at the distribution of observations on a yearly basis, we noticed that there were more observations in the fall and winter, while there were only limited numbers of observations in the spring. This difference in distribution suggests that observations were strongly affected by atmospheric conditions due to the weather. From the 4663 data collected, we found a cycle of about 1.6?years. The cycle of about 1.6?years is assumed to be related to the conjunction cycle of Venus. And, we found a cycle of about 1.0?years. The cycle of about 1.0?years is assumed to reflect the indirect effects of the Asian dust phenomenon. Our research result verified the record as actual observational data. In addition, this result verified that meteorological factors were involved in the recorded astronomical observation data. We think that our data can be helpful to climate studies on the natural sources of key climate-affecting aerosols.     

太阳微波爆发频谱事件

国家天文台1.0-2.0GHz,2.6-3.8GHz太阳射电频谱仪从1994年1月和1996年9月投入观测至2000年4月10日记录到太阳射电爆发分别为297个和316个，取得了高质量的高时间分辨率，高频率分辨率的动态谱资料，为研究耀斑各种尺度的时间及空间演化过程提供了丰富的信息，1998年4月15日的共同事件在时间和频率上显示了丰富的幅度和结构的变化。     

Online scheduling of distributed Earth observation satellite system under rigid communication constraints

This paper focused on online scheduling of distributed Earth observation satellite system in a dynamic environment. The objective was to maximize the total profit of the overall system by efficiently coordinating the different satellites with stochastic arrival of urgent tasks, subject to rigid communication and observation time window constraints. We formulated this problem as a single-task, single-robot, time-extended assignment problem with intra-schedule dependency using the multi-robot task assignment taxonomy and formulated the sub-problem after releasing urgent tasks in a mixed-integer linear programming model. We first described the online scheduling algorithm for a single satellite, then we proposed the modified consensus-based bundle algorithm (m-CBBA) and modified asynchronous consensus-based bundle algorithm (m-ACBBA) with synchronous and asynchronous communication, respectively. Compared with initial versions of CBBA and ACBBA, the modified versions added the communication loop prediction phases to efficiently utilize scarce communication opportunities and reduce the communication requirements. Additionally, we introduce two contract net protocol (CNP)-based algorithms for comparison, respectively SingleItem-CNP-based (SI-CNP) algorithm and Batch-CNP-based (BA-CNP) algorithm. Computational experiments indicated that both the total profit and percentage of scheduled urgent tasks achieved by the m-ACBBA and m-CBBA algorithms were much higher than those achieved by both SI-CNP and BA-CNP. Additionally, the number of communications needed by either m-ACBBA or m-CBBA algorithm was lower than that by SI-CNP. When the communication cost in the system is high, the m-CBBA algorithm is preferred because it balances the profit and the required number of communications. When the communication cost is low, the m-ACBBA algorithm is preferred because it achieves high total profit and high percentage of scheduled urgent tasks.     

多频GNSS电离层折射误差修正方法CSCD

针对电离层折射误差较大的特点,分别对GPS(Global Positioning System)和BDS(Bei Dou Navigation Satellite System)的单一频率的电离层折射误差进行了分析,并将不同频率进行线性组合,计算出组合后的电离层折射误差。此方法修正了双频一阶项、三频一阶项和三频二阶项电离层折射误差。由于电离层延迟修正的同时会放大观测噪声,为此分析比较了不同频率组合修正后的观测噪声,为最佳频率组合的选取提供了理论方法。     

基于浮标平台的反舰导弹过靶实况观测系统研究

根据弹靶遭遇实况观测领域存在的问题,提出了一种基于便携式小型浮标平台的过靶实况观测系统,设计了系统总体方案,阐述了系统工作模式,分析了系统观测能力,并对其关键技术进行了论证研究。     

基于WebGIS的卫星观测计划编制系统

用户在制定卫星观测计划时,需要知道卫星的星下点位置以及遥感器对地扫描区域的信息。通常这些信息是以数值描述的形式发给用户的,不够直观。本文介绍了一种基于WebGIS的卫星观测计划编制系统,介绍了WebGIS在计划编制系统中的应用,并从系统设计、功能、利用WebGIS进行计划策略判断方案等方面进行了深入讨论。     

Introduction to the Payloads and the Initial Observation Results of Chang＇E-1

Chang'E-1,the orbiter circling the moon 200km above the moon surface,is the first Chinese Lunar exploration satellite.The satellite was successfully launched on 24th October 2007.There are 8 kinds of scientific payloads onboard,including the stereo camera,the laser altimeter,the Sagnac-based interferometer image spectrometer,the Gamma ray spectrometer,the X-ray spectrom-eter,the microwave radiometer,the high energy particle detector,the solar wind plasma detector and a supporting payload data management system.Chang'E-1 opened her eyes to look at the moon and took the first batch of lunar pictures after her stereo camera was switched on in 20th November 2007.Henceforth all the instruments are successfully switched on one by one.After a period of parameter adjustment and initial check out,all scientific instruments are now in their normal operating phase.In this paper,the payloads and the initial observation results are introduced.     

评估云层对观测设备威胁等级的光电测量系统

采用大视场光学设计及非制冷红外焦平面阵列探测器采集天空背景,对图像进行伪彩处理、图像修复等操作,获得天空伪彩云层图像,并根据标定的空间角位置与像素间的函数关系,计算出云的分布位置信息;通过分析云层的浓厚程度、面积信息,判断其对观测设备的威胁程度。实验表明,该测量系统能以0.5 Hz的频率输出高度角15°以上天区的云图,云层的方位角定位精度为1.5°,仰角精度是0.9°,并可实时评估云层对观测设备的威胁程度。此系统可实现云层分布的测量定位,提高光电观测设备的使用效率。     

高频返回散射观测的典型结果和分析

描述了１９９３年１０月～１２月,在新乡站进行的高频返回散射观测实验,取得了大量很有意义的结果。从中看出：①高频返回散射电离国的类型和形态特征;②高频返回散射电离图中最高观测频率、斜距的日变化规律;③返回散射观测中发现Ｅｓ的演变过程及其特征。     

深空探测中多普勒的建模与应用

针对深空探测中的多普勒观测资料的单程和三程模式,分别给出了瞬时和积分的观测模型,双程多普勒观测模型是三程模式的一个特殊情况.通过比较瞬时和积分多普勒的差异,推断在积分周期取得足够小时,瞬时观测模型与积分模型是一致的.利用2009年8月份对火星探测器MEX的三程多普勒测轨资料的处理,检验了三程多普勒资料观测模型的正确性,利用约一个圈次8小时三程多普勒数据进行轨道计算,定轨结果与欧空局重建轨道位置差约几百米.