Monitoring of maize lodging using multi-temporal Sentinel-1 SAR data

Lodging is a common phenomenon in maize production, which seriously affects its yield, quality, and mechanical harvesting capacity. With good penetrating power, satellite radar can monitor crop growth even under cloudy weather conditions. In this study, a method based on the change in plant height before and after lodging in maize is proposed to calculate the lodging angle and monitor the lodging degree by using dual-polarization Sentinel-1A data. The results show that the optimal sensitive polarization combinations of maize plant height before and after lodging are VH/VV and VV, respectively. The lodging angle is calculated using the plant height inversion results before and after lodging. The overall accuracy of classifying lodging grade of maize is 67%. The proposed model based on lodging angle could effectively mapped the maize lodging range on a regional scale and classify the lodging grades.     

空间特殊环境诱致玉米突变体的分析

以 7个玉米自交系种子为材料 ,做空间条件诱变处理。主要诱变因素是宇宙辐射和微重力。处理与未处理对照种子 ,在北京和三亚一年两次种植 ,至今已经是Sp9～Sp1 1。从Sp2～Sp3中筛选到 1 1种突变体 (Mut1 -Mut1 1 ) ,包括株高、抗大小斑病 ,叶平伸 ,穗长 ,多穗性 ,籽粒类型变异等 5种突变类型。空间诱变处理具有诱变谱宽的特点。对诱变主要因素作了分析和讨论 ,认为空间诱变致突变最可能是微重力和空间辐射两种因素综合作用的结果。     

玉米空间飞行处理细胞超微结构变异的研究

玉米干种子搭载于返回式卫星上，经离海平面１７６ｋｍ至３５４ｋｍ的空间条件处理，发现处理后的玉米叶片超微结构发生各种变异。主要变异包括：细胞质壁分离，液泡增大，细胞壁加厚、扭曲，胞间连丝增多，出现叶绿体基粒盘和基质类囊体的变异，细胞核和叶绿体变形，内质网的数量增多、体积增大，以及其它细胞内膜系统与其它超微结构的变化。