MAGNETOSPHERIC PHYSICS IN CHINA:2000-2002

This brief report presents the latest advances of the magnetospheric physics researches in China during the period of 2000-2002, made independently by Chinese space physicists and through international cooperation. The related areas cover almost every aspect of magnetospheric physics.     

杨振宁的科学研究艺术

杨振宁教授是位著名的物理学家，诺贝尔物理学奖金获得者。他在物理学研究中取得的成就同科学研究的艺术是分不开的。本文分析了如下三个问题：第一“对称性支配相互作用”与杨米尔斯规范场理论；第二，科学研究中的风格和ｔａｓｔｅ；第三，科学研究方向的选择。该文无论是对年青的研究还是对成熟的学者从事科学研究都有指导意义。     

再入体激波层和近尾流热辐射实验研究

本文介绍了在弹道靶设备上对再入速度下模型的热辐射进行的实验研究工作。铝、高硅氧和聚碳酸酯三种材料的模型在速度为4.5～6.0(km/s),压力为600—8000Pa条件下做了实验,在258nm—1100nm光谱范围内完成了九个波段的辐射测量,给出了三种材料模型的辐射光谱分布曲线。结果表明辐射量除了受环境条件影响外,还强烈地依赖于模型材料;由烧蚀产物引起的辐射通量主要在可见光和近红外区(465nm以上)。估算了烧蚀产物引起的辐射加热率,对头部和近尾流辐射通量做了比较。     

Progress on Space Solar Telescope in 2004 - 2006

The progress on Chinese Space Solar Telescope (SST) in 2004-2006 is introduced. The scientific objectives are further clarified and the ground operation system has been planned. The 7 key technical problems of SST satellite platform and payloads have been tackled, which lay solid scientific and technological foundations for engineering prototype phase of the SST project. At present the SST project undergoes evaluation by CNSA and CAS so as to enter the engineering prototype phase of the SST project if it is finally approved.     

受均匀内压作用的偏置孔边径向裂纹的应力强度因子的一种求解方法

本文利用一种新的混合法——光弹性实验与权函数解法相结合求解了孔壁受均匀内压作用偏置圆孔边径向裂纹的应力强度因子,该方法具有简单、经济、精度高等优点,对分析复杂应力场中圆孔边穿透裂纹问题,该方法同样适用,且优点更为突出.     

钻孔法测量残余应力时释放系数的标定与计算

 <正> 用钻孔法测量残余应力时,使用的释放系数将对构件的残余应力测量精变产生影响。计算释放系数的理论方法有多种。其中普遍应用的公式,是由弹性力学通孔公式推导的应变片中心点处计算式。     

TC4钛合金紧固件孔E-I强化研究

 介绍TC4(Ti-6Al-4V)钛合金螺栓孔无衬套冷胀孔干涉配合综合强化的研究结果。实验证明,在给定的条件下,冷胀孔强化的TC4板状空孔试件的疲劳寿命增益系数(LIF)为13,干涉配合螺栓连接的LIF=3,而E-l强化件的疲劳寿命比单纯干涉配合又有成倍提高。电镜断口分析表明TC4合金强化件的疲劳裂纹的形成和扩展与LY12CZ及30CrMnSiA相似,它们不表现为典型的角裂纹,即沿板平面和厚向扩展速率有明显差异。对于TC4合金,在改善疲劳品质上,带衬套冷胀孔强化比无衬套冷胀孔强化好得多。     

异型孔空心叶片壁厚检测的试验研究

发动机叶片的结构型式和制造误差，直接影响发动机的性能和使用寿命。运用超声波法和电涡流法，对两种不同材料和形式的试件进行了试验。电涡流法受到探头直径和试件几何尺寸的影响，测量误差大，超声波法由于存在测量盲区，测量厚度的下限受到限制。但测量值与实际值相关，若对探头加以改进，用于异型孔空心叶片壁厚检测是可行的。     

Spectra and time variability of black-hole binaries in the low/hard state

We propose a jet model for the low/hard state of galactic black-hole X-ray sources which explains the energy spectra from radio to X-rays and a number of timing properties in the X-ray domain such as the time lag spectra, the hardening of the power density spectra and the narrowing of the autocorrelation function with increasing photon energy. The model assumes that (i) there is a magnetic field along the axis of the jet, (ii) the electron density in the jet drops inversely proportional to distance, (iii) the jet is “hotter” near its center than at its periphery, and (iv) the electrons in the jet follow a power-law distribution function. We have performed Monte Carlo simulations of Compton upscattering of soft photons from the accretion disk and have found power-law high-energy spectra with photon-number index in the range 1.5–2 and cutoff at a few hundred keV, power-law time lags versus Fourier frequency with index 0.8, and an increase of the rms amplitude of variability and a narrowing of the autocorrelation function with increasing photon energy as they have been observed in Cygnus X-1. The spectrum at long wavelengths (radio, infrared, optical) is modeled to come from synchrotron radiation of the energetic electrons in the jet. We find flat to inverted radio spectra that extend from the radio up to about the optical band. For magnetic field strengths of the order 10⁵–10⁶ G at the base of the jet, the calculated spectra agree well in slope and flux with the observations.     

飞机数字化装配系统中机身交点孔加工方法研究

针对传统交点孔加工方法加工精度低且存在回弹变形的问题,设计了一种满足飞机大部件数字化装配要求的机身交点孔精加工方法,根据交点孔的加工特性完成了机身定位与固持、数控加工中心定位以及加工工艺的总体设计,确定了交点孔加工程序原点的计算方法和编程原则,最后通过交点孔试切加工试验验证了加工方法的可行性。