Estimation of ground range on the sweep frequency backscatter leading edge

The high frequency management system with backscatter radar supplies the real time ionosphere channel conditions to high frequency users, which leads to the demand for the ground range between the radar location and the scatters on the distant ground. The ionosphere electron density profile is usually inversed to obtain the ground range. An inversion algorithm, with which the ground range on the leading edge of the backscatter ionograms can be obtained without electron density, is presented in this paper. The ray path geometry of the backscatter sounding and the change in the group path on the leading edge with operating frequency are used to derive the ground range. Synthesized backscatter ionogram and experimental backscatter ionograms are processed to validate the algorithm. The results indicate that the algorithm is usable for high frequency management system.     

返回散射电离图的前沿提取方法

提出了返回散射电离图前沿提取的方法. 其中, 一层电离图前沿和两层电离图下面一层前沿是在消除干扰和噪声后的电离图上采用边缘识别方法进行提取的, 两层电离图上面一层前沿则是在仅经过干扰抑制的电离图上采用基于高斯型加权系数的能量梯度算法进行提取的. 本文提出的前沿提取方法准确率较高, 并且易于实现, 已在工程中得到应用.      

锥形腔高能量激光能量计后向散射问题研究

高能量激光能量的准确计量对于相关研究至关重要。量热法是测量高能量激光能量的一种有效方法,其中涉及到的入射激光在能量计吸收腔内的后向散射总能量,是一个关键参量,它的准确测定与计量,将大大提高高能量激光能量计量的准确性。依据能量计内表面与入射激光相互作用的光学定律,详细推导了锥形吸收腔内入射激光光束能量的分布函数,并结合复化辛普森数值计算方法,分析和讨论了吸收腔结构一定时,环形和矩形两种不同光斑形状的高能量激光在锥形能量计吸收腔开口处的后向散射光功率密度分布和后向散射总功率以及它们对能量测量结果的影响。     

A new inversion algorithm for HF sky-wave backscatter ionograms

HF sky-wave backscatter sounding system is capable of measuring the large-scale, two-dimensional (2-D) distributions of ionospheric electron density. The leading edge (LE) of a backscatter ionogram (BSI) is widely used for ionospheric inversion since it is hardly affected by any factors other than ionospheric electron density. Traditional BSI inversion methods have failed to distinguish LEs associated with different ionospheric layers, and simply utilize the minimum group path of each operating frequency, which generally corresponds to the LE associated with the F₂ layer. Consequently, while the inversion results can provide accurate profiles of the F region below the F₂ peak, the diagnostics may not be so effective for other ionospheric layers. In order to resolve this issue, we present a new BSI inversion method using LEs associated with different layers, which can further improve the accuracy of electron density distribution, especially the profile of the ionospheric layers below the F₂ region. The efficiency of the algorithm is evaluated by computing the mean and the standard deviation of the differences between inverted parameter values and true values obtained from both vertical and oblique incidence sounding. Test results clearly manifest that the method we have developed outputs more accurate electron density profiles due to improvements to acquire the profiles of the layers below the F₂ region. Our study can further improve the current BSI inversion methods on the reconstruction of 2-D electron density distribution in a vertical plane aligned with the direction of sounding.     

时延-角度特性研究

本文在球不对称局域准抛物电离层模型下,设计了一套射线追踪算法的计算机程序。研究了时延随角度变化特性。指出了最小时延的传统求解方法的适应范围,讨论了时延-角度特性曲线与返回散射电离图的关系及其能量分布特点。      

基于粒子群算法的相控阵海浪波谱仪天线增益校正方法

相控阵海浪波谱仪是一个Ku波段真实孔径雷达,通过在小入射角下照射海面,接收海面回波功率,并去除雷达EIRP (Effective Isotropically Radiated Power,等效全向辐射功率)、天线方向图、系统损耗等雷达自身的影响因子,获取海面三维信息。这些影响因子可以在微波暗室中测量,其中EIRP、系统损耗可认为是常数量,但是,天线方向图是与入射角、方位角相关的三维变量,测量受到暗室系统精度的限制,并且,相控阵海浪波谱仪最小处理单元是雷达照亮的圆环形条带,照射的过程即是对该环形条带中的变量进行二维积分,成为一个随入射角变化的后向散射系数剖线,因此,天线方向图的微小误差,都会对海面后向散射系数剖线形状产生显著影响,出现“凹现象”问题。针对该问题,本文基于粒子群算法进行了积分天线增益的校正工作,利用机载飞行试验数据进行了算法验证,通过与同步观测浮标海浪测量结果比对,表明本算法可有效改善“凹现象”,使回波数据有效率提升了12%,为业务化的波浪谱生产提供了技术支撑。     

返回散射电离图干扰噪声的消除方法

返回散射电离图干扰噪声的消除方法程晓梅,郭保华（中国电波传播研究所,新乡４５３００３）关键词返回散射探测,射频干扰,电离图在返回散射探测中,回波信号来自广延的地面散射［１］,遭受到很大的传播损耗,所以典型的返回散射回波信号要比其他探测方式的回波信号弱...