Excavation of artificial caverns inside asteroids by leveraging rotational self-energy

Future space ventures will likely require exploitation of near-Earth asteroid resources. Moreover, it can be envisaged that asteroids may host habitats in their interiors. In fact, a cavern inside an asteroid would be a natural radiation shield against cosmic radiation and may also serve as a confined environment for storage of mined material such as water ice or other processed volatiles such as propellants. To this end, this paper proposes to leverage the asteroid rotational self-energy to remove material from the asteroid interiors and create a spherical cavern, by means of the orbital siphon concept. The siphon is a chain of tether-connected payload masses (the asteroid material), which exploits the rotation of the asteroid for the delivery of mass from the asteroid to escape. Under certain conditions the siphon can be initiated to ensure self-sustained flow of mass from the asteroid to escape. A net orbital siphon effect is generated by connecting new payloads at the bottom of the chain while releasing the upper payloads. Key parameters are discussed, such as the required siphon dimension and the maximum size of the internal cavity that can be excavated, as a function of the asteroid rotational period. Moreover, assuming elastic material behaviour, a closed-form expression for the stress tensor is found and a failure criterion is used to identify regions in the asteroid interiors subjected to the larger stresses. It is shown that the conditions for failure are relaxed as the radius of the internal void increases.     

OSIRIS-REx low-velocity particles during outbound cruise

We analyzed high-angular rate streaks first recorded by OSIRIS-REx’s MapCam during a 2017 search for Earth Trojan asteroids. We interpret them as water-ice particles that translated across the imager’s field of view, originating from the spacecraft itself. Their translation velocities approximated 0.1–1?m/s based on reasonable conclusions about their range. Pursuing several lines of investigation to seek a coherent hypothesis, we conclude that the episodic releases of the water ice particles are associated with spacecraft attitudes that resulted in solar illumination of previously shadowed regions. This correlation suggests that the OSIRIS-REx spacecraft itself possesses micro-climatic zones consisting of hot regions and cold traps that may temporarily potentially pass volatiles back and forth before losing most of them.     

常数机动载荷对航空发动机转子系统振动特性的影响

考虑了一个带有非线性弹性支承的偏置圆盘Jeffcott转子系统,研究了常数机动载荷对该系统振动特性的影响.通过数值计算发现:常数机动载荷取不同值时,系统的幅频特性曲线可能出现滞后区变窄、消失以及二次跳跃现象;频率比不同值时,系统振幅与常数机动载荷关系曲线差别较大,在特定转速下,先将常数机动载荷缓慢增加至一定值,再缓慢降低至零,可能引起系统由小振幅稳态解跳跃至大振幅稳态解而无法恢复;转子轴心偏移量随着常数机动载荷增加而增大,受系统工作转速影响不大.      

弱引力下小行星动量驱动机器人的可控跳跃行为

以小行星表面着陆探测为背景,提出一种动量驱动机器人(MoRo)以满足弱引力复杂环境下的探测需求.该机器人利用弱引力环境下的摩擦和碰撞特性,通过主动辨识环境参数,规划和控制动量轮以产生期望的驱动力矩,完成可控性跳跃及腾空后的稳定拍照等任务.首先,基于MoRo的动量轮刹车机构特性,分析了MoRo在弱引力环境下的跳跃机理并对...     

直升机悬停及低速飞行阶段轴间耦合试飞技术

从试飞员角度出发，分析了直升机轴间耦合现象产生的原因，讨论了ADS-33D规范中有关轴间耦合问题的要求，提出了武装直升机轴间耦合试飞方法、数据处理方法、试飞驾驶技术要点以及试验过程中应注意的事项，可供从事武装直升机飞行试验的技术人员和试飞员参考。     

直升机尾桨涡环飞行试验研究

根据样机右侧飞的飞行试验,对尾桨涡环现象进行了计算分析;根据右侧飞试验结果,估算出样机悬停回转时尾桨处于涡环状态的偏航角速度范围;将试验结果与国内外的涡环状态判据进行了对比。结果表明,国外的涡环判据不适用于样机的尾桨涡环状态判定,国内的高-辛判据与试验结果一致。     

离子推力器多模式化研究

为了实现离子推力器多模式化,分析了离子推力器功率宽范围调节限制因素,提出了两种宽范围调节策略;针对我国小行星探测任务,完成了30cm多模式离子推力器研制、功率宽范围调节限制条件确定、以及两种调节策略下多模式工作点设计及对比研究。结果显示,通过降低放电室磁场强度可延伸离子推力器最小稳定工作功率,提高束流均匀性,实现离子推力器更宽功率范围多工作点设计;功率宽范围调节主要是屏栅电压和束电流的宽范围调节,二者通过栅极导流系数限制和交叉限制而约束;推力随功率增加呈线性增加关系,比冲随功率的增加总体上呈先快速增加后趋于稳定的趋势;30cm多模式离子推力器在0.25kW～5kW内稳定工作,推力10mN～186mN,比冲1522s～3586s。     

带先进桨尖的模型旋翼悬停噪声计算与试验

为进行旋翼噪声水平对比,在全消声室开展了3副不同下反角桨尖模型旋翼噪声试验研究,完成了悬停状态下不同总距和不同观测点上的噪声测量试验,获得了多组噪声数据。数值计算方面,以RANS方程为主控方程求解旋翼流场气动信息,在获取精确声源信息的基础上,基于FW-H方程进行噪声计算和分析。在相同的状态下,计算结果与试验结果显示出较好的一致性,表明了本文数值方法的准确性。最后,根据试验结果,对比分析了不同下反角桨尖对旋翼气动 噪声特性的影响规律。