举手表决法在基因分类中的应用

根据自然界中相互熟悉程度较高的是一类的特点,提出举手表决法。举手表决法需要的参数较少,且分类之前不需要定义类的个数。通过使用举手表决法进行基因分类时,得到较好的结果,从而反过来证明举手表决法在分类方面具有可行性。     

Protein expression profile changes in human fibroblasts induced by low dose energetic protons

Extrapolation of known radiation risks to the risks from low dose and low dose-rate exposures of human population, especially prolonged exposures of astronauts in the space radiation environment, relies in part on the mechanistic understanding of radiation induced biological consequences at the molecular level. While some genomic data at the mRNA level are available for cells or animals exposed to radiation, the data at the protein level are still lacking. Here, we studied protein expression profile changes using Panorama antibody microarray chips that contain antibodies to 224 proteins (or their phosphorylated forms) involved in cell signaling that included mostly apoptosis, cytoskeleton, cell cycle and signal transduction. Normal human fibroblasts were cultured until fully confluent and then exposed to 2 cGy of 150 MeV protons at high-dose rate. The proteins were isolated at 2 or 6 h after exposure and labeled with Cy3 for the irradiated cells and with Cy5 for the control samples before loading onto the protein microarray chips. The intensities of the protein spots were analyzed using ScanAlyze software and normalized by the summed fluorescence intensities and the housekeeping proteins. The results showed that low dose protons altered the expression of more than 10% of the proteins listed in the microarray analysis in various protein functional groups. Cell cycle (24%) related proteins were induced by protons and most of them were regulators of G1/S-transition phase. Comparison of the overall protein expression profiles, cell cycle related proteins, cytoskeleton and signal transduction protein groups showed significantly more changes induced by protons compared with other protein functional groups.     

针对在轨维护的爬行机器人足粘附机理研究

针对空间合作目标航天器在轨维护任务需求,提出一种新型结构的空间爬行机器人,可搭载于抓取机械臂上,在主动航天器和故障目标形成连接后,爬行移动到故障目标上需要维修的位置进行维修精细操作。该机器人移动系统主要由压电驱动腿、微修饰粘附足组成。其微观粘附足借鉴壁虎刚毛的粘附机理,设计微米级微阵列的机器人足端结构。在上述结构设计基础上,利用离散元软件建立其仿真模型,对壁虎的强吸附能力和快速脱附能力进行理论建模分析,建立单根刚毛在不同状态下的受力模型,模拟刚毛在不同脱附角下的粘附和脱附的过程,对其单个刚毛的粘附特性进行分析。仿真结果表明:在空间零重力环境下,通过不同运动方式可以实现单个刚毛的吸附和快速脱附的能力。为后续实现机器人足的吸附和快速脱附的能力提供了理论支持。     

最小支撑树算法在基因表达数据聚类分析中的应用

聚类分析已成为对基因表达数据进行挖掘以提取生物医学信息的主要方法.本文提出了基于图论的最小支撑树(Minimum spanning tree,MST)聚类算法,用MST表示多维基因表达数据,可将数据的聚类转换为对最小支撑树的分割,相对于传统聚类方法,最小支撑树算法具有形象直观、对一些准则函数能产生全局最优解等优点;将MST算法分别与Memetic algorithm及人工免疫算法(Artificial immune network,aiNet)相结合,则产生更优化的聚类结果.对酵母基因表达数据的实验结果表明,最小支撑树聚类算法是一种有效的基因表达数据的聚类方法.     

Effects of space flight exposure on cell growth,tumorigenicity and gene expression in cancer cells

It is well recognized that harsh outer space environment, consisting of microgravity and radiation, poses significant health risks for human cells. To investigate potential effects of the space environment exposure on cancer cells we examined the biological changes in Caski cells carried by the “Shen Zhou IV” spaceship. After exposure for 7 days in spaceflight, 1440 survival subclonal cell lines were established and 4 cell lines were screened. 44F10 and 17E3 were selected because of their increased cell proliferation and tumorigenesis, while 48A9 and 31F2 had slower cytological events. Experiments with cell proliferation assay, flow cytometry, soft agar assay, tumorigenesis assay and DNA microarray analysis have shown that selected cell lines presented multiple biological changes in cell morphology, cell growth, tumorigenicity and gene expression. These results suggest that space environment exposure can make significant biological impact on cancer cells and provide an entry point to find the immunological target of tumorigenesis.