Implementation of tactical maneuvers with maneuver libraries

This study creates and combines the general maneuver libraries for fixed-wing aircraft to implement tactical maneuvers. First, the generalized maneuver libraries are established by analyzing the characteristics of tactical maneuvers required in battlefields. The 7th order polynomial is applied to both the creation of the maneuver libraries and the generation of the trajectories or flight paths for modal inputs. To track the desired trajectory, we design the Attitude Command Attitude Hold (ACAH) system and the Rate Command Rate Hold (RCRH) system using Model Following Controller (MFC). Moreover, the Line-of-Sight (LOS) guidance law is designed. In particular, the CONDUIT® is employed to optimize the gains so that the control systems meet the aircraft Handling Qualities (HQ) criteria. Finally, flight simulations are performed for the longitudinal loop, immelmann-turn, and climb-slalom-descent maneuvers to verify that tactical aggressive maneuvers are realizable via the combination of maneuver libraries. This study can contribute to the development of flight techniques for aircraft tactical maneuvers and to the revision of air force operational manuals.     

Variation of dayside chorus waves associated with solar wind dynamic pressure based on MMS observations

The whistler-mode chorus waves are one of the most important plasma waves in the Earth’s magnetosphere. Generally, the amplitude of whistler-mode chorus waves prefers to strengthen when the energetic fluxes of anisotropic electrons increase outside the plasmapause. This characteristic is commonly associated with the geomagnetic storms or substorms. However, the relationship between the solar wind dynamic pressure (P_sw) and the long-time variation of chorus waves during the quiet period of the geomagnetic activity still needs more detailed investigations. In this paper, based on MMS observations, we present a chorus event just observed in the inner side of magnetopause without obvious geomagnetic storms or substroms. Interestingly, during this time interval, some P_sw fluctuations were recorded. Both the amplitudes and frequencies of chorus waves changed as a response to the variation in P_sw. It proved that the enhancement of P_sw increases the energetic electrons fluxes, which provides free energies for the chorus amplification. Furthermore, the wave growth rates calculated using linear theory increases and the central frequency of the chorus waves shifts to a higher frequency when the P_sw enhancement is greater, which are also consistent well with the observations. The results provide a direct evidence that the P_sw play an important role in the long-time variation of whistler-mode chorus waves inside the magnetopause.     

Relationship between daily variation of cosmogenic nuclide Be-7 concentration in atmosphere and solar activities

Daily Be-7 concentrations in air at the height of 15 m are continuously observed at 38°15.2′N, 140°20.9′E, between 2000 and 2001. The average concentration and the relative standard deviation were 4.0 mBq/m³ and 50% in 2000–2001, respectively. The Be-7 concentrations increased 2.5% with the decrease in the sunspot numbers by 6.7% for the term of two years. From the power spectral analysis, the periodicity of 26 days is shown for the daily Be-7 concentrations. The folding analysis indicates that the time variation of the Be-7 concentration is similar to that of the ground-based neutron counting rate, and the phase delay for the minimum portion of Be-7 concentration was roughly 8 days to the maximum sunspot number. These results indicate that the Be-7 concentrations in the air at ground level have 26 day periodicity as a component of time variations and the time variation is caused by the solar modulation of galactic cosmic rays, which corresponds to the variation of the sunspot number due to the rotation of the sun.     

弹载引信电控扫描识别目标方位的方法

研究了弹载引信电控扫描识别目标方位的一种方法，该方法是：首先研究一种周期电控脉冲起动单刀四掷微波开关，该开关又逐次起动可瞄准定向天线的每一元和它们的公共收发系统。因而该系统既能全向搜索空中目标，又能分区截取回波信号，由此获得引信天线电控扫瞄形式的可瞄准探测系统。     

无线电遥测监视小直径刀具的工况过程

小直径刀具(φ6mm以下小钻头、铣刀)加工中产生的磨、破损信号难于检测。本文基于这一问题,研究采用无线电遥测技术来传输传感器信号,并建立了CIMS,FMS加工中心钻、铣用小直径刀具的工况监视系统。研究表明:用遥测技术传输的切削过程信息是可以用来识别刀具切削状态的;小直径刀具折断快速报警的成功率在90％以上。     

Collision Risk Mitigation in Geostationary Orbit

The short- and long-term effects of spacecraft explosions, as a function of the end-of-life re-orbit altitude above the geostationary orbit (GEO), were analyzed in terms of their additional contribution to the debris flux in the GEO ring. The simulated debris clouds were propagated for 72yrs, taking into account all the relevant orbital perturbations.The results obtained show that 6–7 additional explosions in GEO would be sufficient, in the long term, to double the current collision risk with sizable objects in GEO. Unfortunately, even if spacecraft were to re-orbit between 300 and 500km above GEO, this would not significantly improve the situation. In fact, an altitude increase of at least 2000km would have to be adopted to reduce by one order of magnitude the long-term risk of collision among geostationary satellites and explosion fragments. The optimal debris mitigation strategy should be a compromise between the reliability and effectiveness of spacecraft end-of-life passivation, the re-orbit altitude and the acceptable debris background in the GEO ring. However, for as long as the re-orbit altitudes currently used are less than 500km above GEO, new spacecraft explosions must be avoided in order to preserve the geostationary environment over the long term.     

为中国开发太空探路 创中国首飞太空记录——纪念T-7系列探空火箭首次发射成功45周年

在中国第一个实用探空火箭系列——T-7系列探空火箭首次发射成功45周年之际，回顾了该系列火箭的研制由来和基本情况，论述了该系列火箭对中国开发中层大气和太空所起到的探路作用。     

几种新型的星载多光谱和成像光谱仪

近几年出现了几种新型的星载多光谱和成像光谱仪,例如:Landsat-7卫星的有效载荷增强型主题测绘仪+（ETM+）;EOS AM-1卫星的有效载荷多角度成像光谱仪（MISR）和先进空间热发射和反射辐射计（ASTER）;特殊探测器紫外成像光谱仪（SSUSI）。文章从结构、性能参数等方面综述了这几种星载成像光谱仪。     

航天器的防污染技术

简单介绍了航天器污染的概念,污染对航天器的损害,航天器污染研究的重要性,以及国内外航天器防污染研究概况。着重介绍真空热试验中的污染控制方法。引入航天器自污染的概念,介绍消除航天器自污染的有效办法是真空烘烤。     

网络最大流与最小割集的矩阵算法

本文给出了解决运输问题为中心的一类特殊的线性规划问题的新的、简便的算法。网络最大流与最小割集的矩阵算法,不仅能解决许多这类问题,而且能使最小费用流、分配问题和运输问题容易通过计算机来实现。