An innovative approach for integrated airline network and aircraft family optimization

The determination of optimal aerial transport networks and their associated flight frequencies is crucial for the strategic planning of airlines, as well as for carrying out market research, to establish target markets, and for aircraft and crew rostering. In addition, optimum airplane types for the selected networks are crucial to improve revenue and to provide reduced operating costs. The present study proposes an innovative approach to determine the optimal aerial transport network simultaneously with the determination of the optimum fleet for that network, composed of three types of airplanes (network and vehicle integrated design). The network profit is maximized. The passenger’s demands between the airports are determined via a gravitational model. An embedded linear programming solution is responsible for obtaining potential optimal network configurations. The optimum fleet combination is determined from a database of candidate aircraft designs via genetic algorithm. A truly realistic airplane representation is made possible thanks to accurate surrogate models for engine and aerodynamics is adopted. An accurate engine deck encompassing a compression map and an innovative engine weight calculation besides an aerodynamical artificial neural network module enable a high degree of accuracy for the mission analysis. The proposed methodology is applied to obtain the optimum network comprised of twenty main Brazilian airports and corresponding fleet.     

ADI方法求解完全跨声速非定常小扰动方程

本文修改了Whitlow的ADI格式,以便求解另一变形的完全跨声速小扰动方程。本文给出的NACA64A006和NACA0012翼型的非定常跨声速流动的计算结果与其它数值结果和实验结果的比较表明本文格式是合理的且便于实际应用的。     

Solar and Heliospheric Modulation of Galactic Cosmic Rays

The significance of external influences on the environment of Earth and its atmosphere has become evident during recent years. Especially, on time scales of several hundred years, the cosmogenic isotope concentration during the Wolf-, Spoerer-, Maunder- and Dalton-Minimum indicates an increased cosmic ray flux. Because these grand minima of solar activity coincide with cold periods, a correlation of the Earth climate with the cosmic ray intensities is plausible. Any quantitative study of the effects of energetic particles on the atmosphere and environment of the Earth must address their transport to Earth and their interactions with the Earth’s atmosphere including their filtering by the terrestrial magnetosphere. The first problem is one of the fundamental problems in modern cosmic ray astrophysics, and corresponding studies began in the 1960s based on Parker’s cosmic ray modulation theory taking into account diffusion, convection, adiabatic deceleration, and (later) the drift of energetic particles in the global heliospheric magnetic field. It is well established that all of these processes determining the modulation of cosmic rays are depending on parameters that are varying with the solar magnetic cycle. Therefore, the galactic cosmic ray intensities close to Earth is the result of a complex modulation of the interstellar galactic spectrum within the heliosphere. The modern view of this cosmic ray modulation is summarized in our contribution.     

工业远程监控系统实施新方案

近期远程监控系统在工业中逐步推广,针对工业系统的特点和工业网络的实际情况,在原有工业系统的基础上,增加现场设备区域的图像监控和数据传输功能,提出了一种工业远程监控系统实施方案。本文论述了该系统的结构、原理及实现方法,经具体实施证明,本文提出的方案已基本能够满足一个通用的基于公用网络的远程视频监控系统的要求,体现了较重要的理论价值和很强的工程实用价值。     

跨音速翼型风洞的洞壁干扰研究

利用三个几何相似的 RAE104翼型模型,用实验方法确定西工大翼型风洞(TAWX)的无堵塞干扰开闭比。对于不带测压轨及带测压轨两种状态的开槽壁分别采用2%及4%开闭比可认为近似于无堵塞干扰。利用测压轨测量该翼型风洞上下壁附近控制面的静压分布,并利用快速富里叶变换法计算马赫数及迎角修正量。由 TAWX 风洞与西德 DFVLR TWB 风洞实验结果的比较可以看出,当迎角为零时,两者结果吻合较好,说明无堵塞干扰开闭比的确定基本上是正确的,经过快速富里叶变换法进行马赫数及迎角修正后的 TAWX 有升力的实验结果也与 TWB 结果接近。     

轴对称跨音速流中无激波超音速区的设计

本文直接从音速线出发计算了一个旋成体跨音速绕流超音速泡中的特征线网。提出了从音速线开拓到一条超音速线的方法,计算了无旋轴对称流的特征线网,发现其特点是不能跨越对称轴线,并对其原因作了初步的讨论。本文的计算结果可应用于物面修形。     

运载火箭阻尼安装板的设计

 <正>运载火箭在起飞和着陆时的瞬态载荷和飞行过程中的气动力的随机激励都是宽频带的。在这种环境中安装精密仪器的仪表板若采用过去常规的橡皮减振器减振已很难保证在较宽频带内都能起到应有的减振作用。利用阻尼材料做成的夹层板减振，国内外已做了大量的工作^[t~3]，取得了较为明显的效果。本文针对产品设计中要解决的减振问题，提出了设计思想、计算分析与试验方法。     

WTO航空运输服务贸易自由化与中国民航的改革

航空运输作为一种服务商品，自WTO成立才开始纳入多边贸易体制中。就目前WTO多边贸易体制下航空运输服务自由化的内容和特点进行了介绍和分析，并就WTO新一轮多边贸易谈判中的航空运输服务进行了评介。同时，结合中国加入WTO，对中国民航的改革提出了几点意见。     

跨声速粘性流绕振荡翼型的非定常计算

本文采用时间和穴是二阶精度的Ｂｅａｍ－Ｗａｒｍｉｎｇ格式和Ｂａｌｄｗｉｎ－Ｌｏｍａｘ代数湍流模式及ｑ－ω二方程微分模式，结合网格自适应技术，数值模拟Ｎ－Ｓ方程，计算了跨声速下的翼型非定常运动，包括俯仰，浮沉和前后平移振荡。结果表明，压力分布和气动系数与实验基本符合，微分模式和自适应网格能够显著提高激波和边界层计算精度。