地磁急始年发生数周期特征的小波分析

采用小波分析方法分析了急始年发生数的时间序列的周期特征，并对急始发生数的特征与太阳黑子相对数的特征进行了简要的对照分析，分析结果表明，急始发生数的周期规律与太阳黑子相对数的周期规律是有差异的．还进行了太阳黑子相对数与急始数的相关性，太阳黑子相对数与急始磁暴的相关性研究，分析结果表明它们之间显著相关．还对急始数与急始磁暴致以及其他的一些参数之间的相关性进行了分析，最后对分析结果进行了讨论．     

A Possible Transfer Mechanism for the 11-Year Solar Cycle to the Lower Stratosphere

Observational evidence of the 11-year solar cycle (SC) modulation of stratosphere temperatures and winds from the ERA-40 dataset is reviewed, with emphasis on the Northern winter hemisphere. A frequency modulation of sudden warming events is noted, with warmings occurring earlier in solar minimum periods than in solar maximum periods. The observed interaction between the influence of the SC and the quasi biennial oscillation (QBO) on the frequency of sudden warmings is noted as a possible clue for understanding their mechanism of influence. A possible transfer route for the 11-year solar cycle from the equatorial stratopause region to the lowest part of the stratosphere is proposed, via an influence on sudden warming events and the associated induced meridional circulation. SC and QBO composites of zonal wind anomalies show anomalous wind distributions in the subtropical upper stratosphere in early winter. Mechanistic model experiments are reviewed that demonstrate a sensitivity of sudden warmings to small wind anomalies in this region. Various diagnostics from these experiments are shown, including EP fluxes and their divergence and also the synoptic evolution of the polar vortex, in order to understand the mechanism of the influence. Some recent GCM experiments to investigate the SC/QBO interaction are also described. They simulate reasonably well the observed SC/QBO interaction of sudden warming events and appear to support the hypothesis that tropical/subtropical upper stratospheric wind anomalies are an important influence on the timing of sudden warmings.     

突加不平衡下GTF发动机转子系统瞬态响应分析

针对GTF发动机低压转子系统突加不平衡瞬态响应问题,基于有限元法建立了考虑啮合单元、行星架单元、膜盘联轴器单元的多体接触、多转子耦合动力学模型,介绍了考虑非线性因素下突加不平衡瞬态响应计算方法,求解了低压转子系统的突加不平衡瞬态响应,并分析了关键部件刚度对突加不平衡的影响规律。结果表明：当风扇转子发生突加不平衡时,各部件均表现为振动幅值突增,后迅速趋于稳定,低压涡轮转子发生明显拍振,突加不平衡载荷主要由行星架结构和第1.5支点刚性支承承担;行星架刚度主要影响风扇转子突加不平衡响应、第1.5支点和行星架处的外传力;膜盘联轴器刚度主要影响增压级突加不平衡响应、转子在突加不平衡之后稳定运转情况。     

涡轴发动机高速两支点转子不平衡识别

针对实际工作中的涡轴发动机不平衡量难以监控现状,提出了一种基于非线性支承参数的涡轴发动机高速两支点转子不平量识别方法。建立起转子动力学有限元模型,以支承位移响应工频信号有效值为目标,采用Pointer优化器开展不平衡量识别,通过反馈迭代识别油膜阻尼、刚度。以某真实发动机转子的不平衡量开展识别验证,识别结果符合实际转子不平衡量变化规律,该识别方法计算效率满足工程要求,为发动机整机振动响应仿真分析中的不平衡量施加提供输入条件。     

基于模型的转子系统不平衡量的估计

采用基于模型的方法对转子系统的不平衡量进行估计,首先记录初始状态下的振动信号,然后根据实时测得的不平衡响应信号,得出差值振动信号,联立转子系统的动力学方程,得出不平衡等效载荷,根据等效载荷,得出不平衡的位置、相位及大小.采用模态扩展技术实现由有限几个点的振动响应获取所需点上的响应.由于噪声的影响,提出了基于高斯小波的降噪方法.仿真与实验结果表明,这一方法能够比较准确地估计出转子系统的不平衡量.      

Systematic examination of the geomagnetic storm sudden commencement using multi resolution analysis

Geomagnetic storm sudden commencements (SSC) contain a wealth of information which is useful in many applications. It is important to point out that the SSCs used in this study are sampled at the rate of one sample per second in order get use of such high resolution data. In this paper, two studies are made on the geomagnetic SSC and an SSC onset automatic detection algorithm is introduced. The first study is about finding the relationship between the SSC rise time and its amplitude. Where it is found that there is a positive correlation between the amplitude and the amplitude gradient which is the amplitude divided by rise time. The second study is checking the spectrum of the SSC, starting from its onset until the end of the SSC rise time. This check had proved that the SSC contains both low and high frequency regions. This led us to introduce a new term, namely the SSC variation rate (VR). This VR is defined as the maximum rate of change of the field in the higher-frequency region of the SSC. These two studies were the guide to build an SSC automatic detector of one sample per second data using multi resolution analysis (MRA) of the discrete wavelet transform (DWT). The data set contains 134 SSCs with different VRs that were collected from the Circum-pan Pacific Magnetometer Network (CPMN). It is found that the standard deviation of the detection error is 41 s and that the average error is 9 s. From the calculated error distribution function, it is found that the detection error is within the range of −1.5 to 3 min. The detection process, as will be shown in the article, takes 70 s for one station and 3 min if the decision is related to the detection(s) of other stations. These results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed algorithm over other algorithms in which the detection error ranges between −8 and 5 min and the detection process takes 2–10 min. In addition to being faster and more accurate than the other algorithms, the proposed algorithm is the first algorithm that automatically detects the SSC onset times from high-resolution data unlike previous studies that focused on determining the SSC times automatically using one-minute resolution data.     

具有初始热变形的转子系统振动响应分析

航空发动机热起动时的温度分布不均会使转子产生初始热变形,进而引起发动机振动过大,甚至导致起动失败。针对此问题,以航空发动机中的典型转子为对象,根据初始热变形对转子振动的影响建立相应的动力学方程,并通过模态坐标变换分析初始热变形对转子系统振动响应的影响。结果表明,初始热变形相当于对转子作用了附加激励,包括转轴初始弯曲激励、附加不平衡激励和附加陀螺力矩激励,上述激励均与转速同步。其中,附加不平衡激励和附加陀螺力矩激励大小与转速有关,对转子通过各阶临界转速的振动响应均有较大影响;转轴初始弯曲激励大小与转速无关,主要影响低阶临界转速的振动响应。      

叶片飞脱下转子动力学响应实验

为了研究大涵道比涡扇发动机叶片飞脱时动力学响应,更好地进行发动机安全性设计,根据相似理论设计了包含叶片飞脱装置的突加不平衡实验系统并进行了实验验证。研究结果表明:设计的突加不平衡实验系统,与某型验证机相似度高,代表性强,能够有效可控地进行突加不平衡实验,重复性好,机理清晰且飞脱不平衡量大,能够真实地模拟发动机叶片飞脱响应。通过实验发现,当大突加不平衡发生时,频谱出现超次谐波并且冲击系数由于挤压油膜阻尼器限幅作用并不呈现线性关系,因而在后续研究中还应注意限幅导致的碰摩问题。      

航空发动机转子装配优化技术

转子装配优化技术是通过优化转子各部件之间的安装角度,达到控制转子不同心度和初始不平衡量的目的。详细阐述了基于转子部件跳动测量,计算转子旋转轴线与部件惯性轴之间的偏差,进而计算转子不同心度和不平衡量的估算方法;提出了针对转子不同心度和不平衡量双目标优化原则,并采用蒙特卡洛仿真法对随机装配过程、单目标装配优化过程和双目标装配优化过程进行仿真,通过验证表明,转子装配优化技术达到了改善转子装配质量的目的。     

舰载机弹射起飞前起落架牵制载荷突卸动力学分析

舰载机弹射起飞过程中,由于牵制载荷突卸而产生的前起落架沿航向的快速振动会给机体结构和设备都带来严重的疲劳问题,为研究该振动现象并提出解决方案,建立了舰载机弹射起飞动力学模型,分析计算了前起落架的受载情况,并详细论述其动力学成因,推导了消除前起落架振动现象的充分必要条件.研究结果表明:牵制载荷沿下扭力臂轴向的载荷分量所造...