带支板轴对称弯曲管道的流动特性

以一种带支板的轴对称弯曲管道为研究对象,通过试验与仿真手段,获得了有无支板时的内部流场特性,并探讨了尾迹流特性以及出口马赫数的影响规律.研究结果表明:试验数据与仿真结果在趋势和数值上均吻合良好.气流在弯曲管道中先减速后加速,并在"一弯"中心体侧和"二弯"外罩侧附近形成局部低压区;支板对弯曲管道的内部流动结构影响显著,诱导了尾迹流和旋涡的形成,尾迹区附近不同径向位置处的总压分布规律呈现明显差异;此外,随出口马赫数的增大,弯曲管道壁面沿程静压和出口总压恢复系数均降低,而"一弯"和"二弯"处的逆压力梯度增大,故发生边界层分离的风险性增大.      

双支板超燃燃烧室上游支板喷注位置的影响

在双支板超燃燃烧室的直连试验中,以液体煤油为燃料,针对上游支板上的3个喷注位置对燃烧的影响进行了研究.在试验过程中获得了壁面压力数据,并通过一维冲量分析法处理.试验结果表明:煤油在两支板同时喷注时,热力喉道的位置受上游支板喷注位置显著影响.在上游支板的3个喷注位置中,第1,2位置分别喷注时超燃燃烧室压力分布基本相同,与第3位置喷注相比燃烧效率高6.3%~7.5%,内推力高16.7%~17.4%.试验的结果表明,在第1位置喷注时燃料能够在上游维持燃烧,但第3位置喷注时燃料无法在上游维持燃烧.结合数值仿真的结果分析,上游支板上的喷注位置到支板尾缘的距离L≥80mm时,燃料在支板尾缘处有较高的混合效率并形成稳定的燃烧.      

客舱地板斜撑杆对民机典型机身段耐撞性能的影响

针对一类具有客舱地板下部斜撑杆的民机典型机身段,研究了斜撑杆对机身段耐撞性能的影响。建立了客舱地板及其下部结构的有限元模型,客舱地板以上的框段结构、乘员质量和座椅被简化为刚性质量块。分析了斜撑杆为开孔/不开孔开剖面结构、斜撑杆剖面尺寸变化以及无斜撑杆和刚性斜撑杆情况下,机身段在坠撞速度为7m/s时的冲击特性。对比分析了各种情况下座椅位置处的加速度-时间历程曲线、机身段的破坏模式和能量吸收情况。结果表明存在合适刚度的斜撑杆,使该类型机身结构具有良好的耐撞毁性能,而增加或减少斜撑杆刚度均有可能产生多次高过载。     

扩展的角色访问控制模型在Struts结构下的应用

在分析基于角色的访问控制模型的基础上,根据系统特点,提出了一种扩展的角色访问控制模型。介绍了访问控制的概念及实现原理,分析了基于角色的访问控制模型;结合具体实例,详细描述了扩展的角色访问控制模型在Struts结构下的应用。实践证明,与传统的控制模型比较,扩展的角色访问模型与Struts结构的结合应用减小了系统授权管理的复杂性,实现了分散式管理,降低了管理开销,而且灵活地支持了现实的安全策略。     

Struts框架与多种设计模式在网络教学中的应用

采用传统的JSP（JavaServer Pages）方法开发软件系统,存在体系结构差、层间耦合度高和数据传输效率较低等弊端。在详细介绍了MVC（Model—View—Controller）设计模式、Struts框架和DAO（Data Access Object）、VO（Value Object）模式的基础上,研究了如何把DAO、VO设计模式与基于MVC模式的Struts框架结合起来,以实现Struts框架的一种新的分层方式。最后,以教学平台中网上选课系统为应用实例,说明了这种新的分层方式的具体实现方法,此方法明显缩短了软件开发周期,增加了系统可扩展性和可移植性,提高了系统数据传输效率     

某型飞机尾起落架转弯困难分析

推导了某型飞机尾起落架主支柱转角与缓冲器行程的关系,以及尾起落架主支柱转角与轮轴倾角之间的关系,并指出在停机载荷下,尾起落架轮轴倾角受到主支柱转角的影响。将某型飞机与它同类型飞机尾起落架的转弯情况进行了比较,发现某型飞机尾起落架转弯困难的原因是:在停机载荷下,缓冲器压缩量较大,轮叉转动较小的角度就可以导致轮轴与地面之间产生较大的倾角。在满足缓冲性能的基础上,将某型飞机的尾起落架缓冲器重新进行了充填,提高其充气压力,减少灌油量,使尾起落架缓冲器在停机载荷下的压缩量为0。缓冲器经过重新充填后,在停机载荷下,该型飞机尾起落架轮轴与地面的倾角始终为0°,机轮垂直地面,即使在小转弯半径条件下,牵引转弯和首飞滑跑转弯时,尾起落架机轮左右转动也很灵活。改变该飞机尾起落架缓冲器充填参数后,解决了转弯困难的问题。     

Multi Objective Robust Active Vibration Control for Flexure Jointed Struts of Stewart Platforms via H∞ and μ Synthesis

Active vibration control is needed for future space telescopes, space laser communication and other precision sensitive payloads which require ultra-quiet environments. A Stewart platform based hybrid isolator with 6 hybrid struts is the effective system for active/passive vibration isolation over 5-250 Hz band. Using an identification transfer matrix of the Stewart platform, the coupling analysis of six channels is provided. A dynamics model is derived, and the rigid mode is removed to keep the signal of pointing control. Multi objective robust H∞ and μ synthesis strategies, based on singular values and structured singular values respectively, are presented, which simultaneously satisfy the low frequency pointing and high frequency disturbance rejection requirements and take account of the model uncertainty, parametric uncertainty and sensor noise. Then, by performing robust stability test, it is shown that the two controllers are robust to the uncertainties, the robust stability margin of H, controller is less than that of μ controller, but the order of μ controller is higher than that of H, controller, so the balanced controller reduction is provided. Additionally, the μ controller is compared with a PI controller. The time domain simulation of the μ controller indicates that the two robust control strategies are effective for keeping the pointing command and isolating the harmonic and stochastic disturbances.     

Multi Objective Robust Active Vibration Control for Flexure Jointed Struts of Stewart Platforms via H∞ and μ Synthesis

Active vibration control is needed for future space telescopes, space laser communication and other precision sensitive payloads which require ultra-quiet environments. A Stewart platform based hybrid isolator with 6 hybrid struts is the effective system for ac- tive/passive vibration isolation over 5-250 Hz band. Using an identification transfer matrix of the Stewart platform, the coupling analysis of six channels is provided. A dynamics model is derived, and the rigid mode is removed to keep the signal of pointing control. Multi objective robust H∞ and μ synthesis strategies, based on singular values and structured singular values respectively, are presented, which simultaneously satisfy the low frequency pointing and high frequency disturbance rejection requirements and take account of the model uncertainty, parametric uncertainty and sensor noise. Then, by performing robust stability test, it is shown that the two controllers are robust to the uncertainties, the robust stability margin of H∞ controller is less than that of μ controller, but the order of μ controller is higher than that of H∞ controller, so the balanced controller reduction is provided. Additionally, the μ controller is compared with a PI controller. The time domain simulation of the μ controller indicates that the two robust control strategies are effective for keeping the pointing command and isolating the harmonic and stochastic disturbances.     

调节角度对整流支板水滴撞击特性的影响

基于欧拉-拉格朗日法计算空气-水滴两相流场,获得了表面水滴撞击特性及撞击量,并对可调整流支板(调节角度0°和30°)的水滴撞击特性进行研究。计算结果表明:无论偏折角为0°还是30°,支板前缘处都有水滴收集,且沿着弦长方向局部收集率呈越来越小的趋势;而30°支板在偏折处也有水滴收集。同时分析了马赫数、液态水含量、水滴直径对水滴撞击特性的影响,随着来流马赫数、水滴直径的增大,水滴收集系数、撞击水量和撞击极限都是增加的;而随着液态水含量的增加,水滴收集系数和水滴撞击极限是不变的,而撞击水量却是增加的。     

串列多支柱主起落架布局飞机的起飞载荷研究

大型军用运输机、民航客机广泛采用可视为前三点式(前起落架组、左主起落架组、右主起落架组)的多支柱起落架布局方案.通常,此类飞机的最大起飞质量高达数百吨,起飞滑跑速度也较大,因此,起飞情况是起落架强度设计的重点.本文基于前三点式起落架计算理论,以及对An-124、An-225飞机起落架设计方案的研究,提出一类串列多支柱多轮主起落架的起飞情况地面载荷算法.