Modeling the effects of green alternative on heat island mitigation of a meso level town,West Bengal,India

Urban heat island (UHI) is emerged as a ubiquitous phenomenon that affects the outdoor thermal comfort. Hence urban microclimatic studies using numeric simulation software to find out adaption strategies are attracting the great attention of researchers and policymaker. Number of scientists carried out their research on this topic using different tools and technique whereas ENVI-met model is the most widely used simulation tools. The present study intended to examine the implication of green infrastructure of the town on enhanced microclimatic condition and to evaluate the best suitable mitigation strategy modelling cool city with ENVI-met software (V4). Five greening condition such as existing UHI condition (C1), 100% greening of roof (C2), 100% greening of roof and walls (C3), 50% greening of roof and walls (C4) and: Plantation at suitable area with 50% greening of roof and walls (C5) have been taken into consideration for the microclimate simulation for all three selected sites. Among these five conditions, C3 for the open mid-rise and compact low-rise, C5 for the open low-rise are identified as one of the most suitable strategies which can reduce the air temperature of peak hours by 2.6 °C, 1.33 °C and 1.87 °C respectively. These models are validated by simple linear regression between simulated and existing air temperature in case of existing UHI condition (C1) and in all the cases coefficient of determination value is high such as for open mid-rise, compact low-rise and open low-rise, it is 0.92, 0.92 and 0.75 respectively. Therefore it can be concluded that the application of those strategies can improve the urban thermal environment as well as the outdoor thermal comfort of English bazaar Town and its surroundings.     

400kN振动台承力钢架的研制

文章中介绍的400kN 承力钢架是用来作船罩联合试验的承力机构,具有结构庞大、复杂的特点,对自振频率有一定要求,文章介绍了该设备研制过程中的设计、计算、加工及安装工艺技术等。     

A Geosynchronous Orbit Search Strategy

Since more than 10 years there is evidence that small-size space debris is accumulating in the geosynchronous orbit (GEO), probably as the result of breakups. Two break-ups have been reported in GEO. The 1978 break-up of an EKRAN 2 satellite, SSN 10365, was identified in 1992, and in 1992 a Titan 3C Transtage, SSN 3432, break-up produced at least twenty observable pieces. Subsequently several nations performed optical surveys of the GEO region in the form of independent observation campaigns. Such surveys suffer from the fact that the field of view of optical telescopes is small compared with the total area covered by the GEO ring. As a consequence only a small volume of the orbital element-magnitude-space is covered by each individual survey. Results from these surveys are thus affected by observational biases and therefore difficult to compare. This paper describes the development of a common search strategy to overcome these limitations. The strategy optimizes the sampling for objects in orbits similar to the orbits of the known GEO population but does not exclude the detection of objects with other orbital planes. A properly designed common search strategy clearly eases the comparison of results from different groups and the extrapolation from the sparse (biased) samples to the entire GEO environment.     

多协议多用户GPS/GSM监控系统网关的设计与实现

在多协议、多用户GPS(Global Position System)/GSM(Global System for Mobile communications)监控系统中,网关的设计对系统的性能、可用性和可扩展性有重要作用.讨论了在网关设计中需要注意的几个关键问题:通过分析不同短消息服务器的接口协议,提出使用协议管理器实现多协议接入;给出了与用户系统的通信指令格式,并分析了地址的转换流程.最后剖析了用多线程方式和消息驱动实现这种系统的优点,并给出了一个具体实现的消息循环流程.实践证明这种设计是可靠高效的.     

粗差拟准检定法在星载GPS低轨卫星定轨中的应用

利用自适应卡尔曼滤波进行星载GPS低轨卫星定轨时,必须解决量测方程中经常存在的粗差问题．在分析以往方法的优缺点后,用拟准检定法来探测和修正量测方程中存在的粗差．该法的优点是辨识粗差准确率高,能同时定位多个粗差．另外,为了克服星载GPS低轨卫星定轨的滤波器可能出现的数值不稳定性及发散现象,还采用了UD分解算法及Sage自适应滤波器．最后用一个CHAMP卫星的模拟算例验证本方法的可行性和有效性．     

基于特征的锻件分类及特征有限元法

综合分析锻件后引入特征技术并归纳锻件的形状及变形特点 ,提出了锻件特征概念并给出锻件形状特征的一般定义和构成 ;采用面向对象技术表示特征 ,提出了锻件特征类的概念模式和具体的参数化数据模型 ;针对有限元分析中复杂多变的约束条件和载荷状况两个关键性因素的表达 ,提出特征类的关联思想。在基于特征的锻件分类基础上 ,把锻件变形归纳为“挤”或“压”两种特征元 ,提出了采用基于特征的有限元法 ,并综合自适应FEM、并行FEM、智能型FEM共同求解大型复杂锻件的变形模拟问题。     

共面变速拦截对策的一个统一的近似反馈解

 本文运用微分对策理论研究了战术导弹与目标飞机之间的共面变速拦截问题,采用强迫奇异摄动方法求得了统一的近似反馈制导控制规律。选用实际空气动力数据的算例表明这个次最优制导控制规律是有效的。     

关于《航班延误经济补偿指导意见》的几个问题

在民用航空运输中,由于多种原因,航班延误难以避免,因航班延误引起的纠纷时有发生。为了提高航班正常率,减少因航班延误引起的矛盾,中国民用航空总局2004年发布了《中国民用航空总局对国内航空公司因自身原因造成航班延误给予旅客经济补偿的指导意见(试行)》,就航班延误经济补偿的条件、标准、方式提出了原则性的建议。但具体补偿标准由航空公司自行制定。航班延误经济补偿不同于延误赔偿,二者有着质的区别。     

国有企业产权交易中应注意的问题

现代产权制度的重要内容之一是产权要具有可交易性。对资不抵债、无规模效益、重复建设、资产闲置的国有企业实施出售、兼并、股份转让等产权交易 ,可实现资源的有效配置 ,完成国有经济的战略性调整。在产权交易过程中 ,为防止国有资产的流失 ,提高社会经济效益 ,保护国家和人民的利益 ,应充分注意国有企业产权交易中的资产定价、资产有价证券化、资本市场及产权交易效率等问题     

议比喻词的翻译

从英汉文学作品中的比喻词入手,剖析归化法和异化法在比喻词翻译中的不同效果,探讨两者对跨文化交际和文化移植的作用,以及译者应采取的策略。