钛合金表面抗激光涂层损伤特性及热效应影响研究

实验研究了钛合金和高反射型陶瓷涂层材料抗连续型激光烧蚀的损伤及温度分布特性，并从热效应影响角度对比分析了二者在抗激光损伤效果方面的差异性。研究结果表明：相比于钛合金，高反射型陶瓷涂层材料能有效增强钛合金基底抗激光损伤的能力；在同等激光功率密度辐照下，陶瓷涂层材料能有效提升钛合金基底耐受激光辐照的时间长度。实验结果表明该陶瓷涂层材料的激光损伤阈值比钛合金高约5.8倍。实验发现陶瓷涂层温升速率高于钛合金，但由于陶瓷材料具有较高的反射特性，以及良好的热吸收和热传导特性，因此能使由激光辐照产生的热量在其表面较快地扩散，而降低向基底方向传导的程度，最终提升陶瓷涂层的抗激光损伤阈值。     

Modeling the effects of green alternative on heat island mitigation of a meso level town,West Bengal,India

Urban heat island (UHI) is emerged as a ubiquitous phenomenon that affects the outdoor thermal comfort. Hence urban microclimatic studies using numeric simulation software to find out adaption strategies are attracting the great attention of researchers and policymaker. Number of scientists carried out their research on this topic using different tools and technique whereas ENVI-met model is the most widely used simulation tools. The present study intended to examine the implication of green infrastructure of the town on enhanced microclimatic condition and to evaluate the best suitable mitigation strategy modelling cool city with ENVI-met software (V4). Five greening condition such as existing UHI condition (C1), 100% greening of roof (C2), 100% greening of roof and walls (C3), 50% greening of roof and walls (C4) and: Plantation at suitable area with 50% greening of roof and walls (C5) have been taken into consideration for the microclimate simulation for all three selected sites. Among these five conditions, C3 for the open mid-rise and compact low-rise, C5 for the open low-rise are identified as one of the most suitable strategies which can reduce the air temperature of peak hours by 2.6 °C, 1.33 °C and 1.87 °C respectively. These models are validated by simple linear regression between simulated and existing air temperature in case of existing UHI condition (C1) and in all the cases coefficient of determination value is high such as for open mid-rise, compact low-rise and open low-rise, it is 0.92, 0.92 and 0.75 respectively. Therefore it can be concluded that the application of those strategies can improve the urban thermal environment as well as the outdoor thermal comfort of English bazaar Town and its surroundings.     

27-day variation in solar-terrestrial parameters: Global characteristics and an origin based approach of the signals

The Earth and the near interplanetary medium are affected by the Sun in different ways. Those processes generated in the Sun that induce perturbations into the Magnetosphere-Ionosphere system are called geoeffective processes and show a wide range of temporal variations, like the 11-year solar cycle (long term variations), the variation of ～27?days (recurrent variations), solar storms enduring for some days, particle acceleration events lasting for some hours, etc.In this article, the periodicity of ～27?days associated with the solar synodic rotation period is investigated. The work is mainly focused on studying the resulting 27-day periodic signal in the magnetic activity, by the analysis of the horizontal component of the magnetic field registered on a set of 103 magnetic observatories distributed around the world. For this a new method to isolate the periodicity of interest has been developed consisting of two main steps: the first one consists of removing the linear trend corresponding to every calendar year from the data series, and the second one of removing from the resulting series a smoothed version of it obtained by applying a 30-day moving average. The result at the end of this process is a data series in which all the signal with periods larger than 30?days are canceled.The most important characteristics observed in the resulting signals are two main amplitude modulations: the first and most prominent related to the 11-year solar cycle and the second one with a semiannual pattern. In addition, the amplitude of the signal shows a dependence on the geomagnetic latitude of the observatory with a significant discontinuity at approx. ±60°.The processing scheme was also applied to other parameters that are widely used to characterize the energy transfer from the Sun to the Earth: F10.7 and Mg II indices and the ionospheric vertical total electron content (vTEC) were considered for radiative interactions; and the solar wind velocity for the non-radiative interactions between the solar wind and the magnetosphere. The 27-day signal obtained in the magnetic activity was compared with the signals found in the other parameters resulting in a series of cross-correlations curves with maximum correlation between 3 and 5?days of delays for the radiative and between 0 and 1?days of delay for the non-radiative parameters. This result supports the idea that the physical process responsible for the 27-day signal in the magnetic activity is related to the solar wind and not to the solar electromagnetic radiation.     

考虑辐射的化学平衡流驻点线解

本文用数值方法求解了化学平衡的高超声速粘性激波层驻点线流场。考虑了辐射和质量引射对流场的影响。辐射模型采用线和连续谱模型。文中讨论了引射率、头部半径、来流速度对壁面传热的影响。与有关文献结果比较表明,本文的方法是可行的。     

Stellar infrared astronomy with EDISON

In this review the IR emission from circumstellar material is discussed, both of ionized gas and dust grains, and the astrophysical information that can be extracted from such observations. Some emphasis is placed on the possibilities of stellar IR astronomy using a large space-borne telescope, especially with respect to the much better spatial and spectral resolution of such a telescope compared to the current generation of ground-based and space IR telescopes.     

General relativistic radiation hydrodynamics: Mixed-frame approach

I show how general relativistic 3D radiation hydrodynamic equations can be derived from the tensor formulation. Radiation quantities are differentiated with respect to the fixed coordinates while the interaction between matter and radiation is described by the comoving frame quantities. The formulation is covariant, and can be applied to any coordinates or spacetime; I show the derivation for the Schwarzschild spacetime as an example.     

强辐射条件下应变测量的抗干扰技术研究

文章从动力学结构分析应变测量的基本原理入手,着重介绍了国防高科技试验中,在强辐射、强电磁脉冲干扰环境条件下,为保证应变测量的实现,经模拟试验研究,在应变测量时采用了一系列抗干扰技术措施,包括特殊环境条件下所用元器件材料的选择,传感应变计安装方式,组桥接线方式,密封屏蔽等技术。并介绍了这些技术措施在某试验现场应变测试试验中的应用概况.     

弹道靶红外辐射测量

为深入认识再入物理现象 ,在弹道靶上做了模型头部和近尾流红外辐射测量。发射器为 1 4.5mm口径的二级轻气炮 ,模型为1 0mm的球 ,材料为聚碳酸酯和铝 ,模型发射速度 4～6km/s,使用红外InSb探测器测量波长 3～ 5 .4μm的红外辐射 ,靶室压力 5 .32kPa。实验中使用光电法测量模型速度 ,两站阴影照相进行模型姿态监测和速度核实。实验结果表明 :球模型的红外辐射强度强烈依赖于模型材料和模型飞行速度。对不同材料模型头部和尾流部辐射强度的定性比较说明由于低温材料烧蚀产物的存在 ,极大地增强了头部和近尾流区的辐射强度 ,而且延长了尾流辐射长度     

热惯性对热冲击半无限体热应力影响非傅立叶效应研究

考虑超快速加热引起传热过程的非傅立叶效应,基于线性热弹性理论和表面热惯性特性,建立了带惯性第一类边界条件的半无限体的动态温度场、热应力场方程组。用拉普拉斯变换法对方程组进行求解。结果表明,快速加热在半无限体内产生温度场和应力场,且热和应力呈波动输运机制。讨论了温升率或热惯性对半空间温度场和应力场的影响,比较弹性波波速与热波波速之比动态热应力的影响。     

基于MEMS的微槽冷却系统在微纳卫星热控中的应用

介绍了基于微机电一体化系统(MEMS)的微槽冷却系统的研究成果。分析了将微槽冷却系统用于微纳卫星热控设计时的特殊要求。讨论了表征微槽冷却系统性能的水力学系统和传热性能。理论分析和数值模拟结果表明,微槽冷却系统可使大热流密度的热源芯片温度维持在较低的范围内,能满足微纳卫星热控的要求。研究认为,压降和热阻均较小的深槽可在小泵功率时提供较优的传热性能。