毫秒脉冲等离子体激励改善飞翼的气动性能实验

在来流速度为30m/s时,进行了毫秒脉冲介质阻挡放电等离子体激励改善飞翼气动性能的风洞实验.等离子体激励器布置在飞翼前缘,峰峰值电压为9.5kV时,放电的脉冲能量在0.1mJ/cm量级.通过六分量测力天平测力研究了脉冲激励频率和占空比对升/阻力系数、升阻比和俯仰力矩系数的作用效果.结果表明:等离子体激励可以有效改善飞翼大攻角气动特性;在最佳无量纲脉冲激励频率F+≈1时,临界失速迎角由14°提高到17°,最大升力系数提高10%;占空比对流动控制效果影响较大,减小占空比可以降低能耗,实验中最佳占空比为5%;俯仰力矩系数的变化表明施加等离子体激励改善了飞翼纵向静稳定性.      

SSRT: First results of millisecond spike observations

We present the results of the first observations of spike-like phenomena with the Siberian Solar Radio Telescope (SSRT) in the one-dimensional mode at the frequency of 5.7 GHz with high spatial and temporal resolutions.     

Evolution of an electron beam pulse influenced by coulomb collision effects in the solar corona

Electrons accelerated in the corona during solar activity give rise to radio emission events that can be observed over a wide range of frequencies. Among different finer-scale structures in the dynamic spectra observed in the radio range, fast transients with extents of some milliseconds known as solar radio spikes are observed accompaning the background continuum emission. Fundamental to the generation of radio spikes is a propagating electron beam and following its evolution allows us to understand the physical processes occurring in the solar corona. With the use of a numerical Fokker–Planck code we follow a previous numerical study to simulate the propagation of an electron beam pulse injected in a small region at the top of a magnetic field and outwards the solar corona under typical flare conditions. It was found that in large ambient densities of ${10}^{10}$ cm⁻³ at the injection point, Coulomb collision effects have an important effect on the propagation of the electrons, causing that the injected electrons thermalize faster in a time of $0.1$ and $0.4$ s for an electron distribution with a low-energy cut off of 16 and 7 keV respectively and a spectral index of 3. For a tenous ambient medium of density ${10}^9$ cm⁻³ thermalization occurs only for an electron distribution with smaller low-energy cut off (7 keV) with a duration of $\approx$1.5 s, while for a larger low-energy cut off (16 keV) the loss of accelerated electrons is very slow, regardles of the spectral index ($3,7$). The electron loss time by Coulomb collisions, which depends on the low boundary ambient density, might be an important parameter that influences the generation of radio spikes due to the formation of instabilities in the corona.     

二次法激光加工小孔技术

为了提高激光加工航空发动机气膜冷却孔质量,介绍了一种采用焦耳级脉冲能量毫秒激光在镍基高温合金上快速加工初始通孔,再采用毫焦耳级脉冲能量纳秒激光扩孔的二次加工小孔方法。通过该方法试图消除毫秒激光加工小孔产生的再铸层以及解决纳秒激光直接加工几乎无再铸层小孔效率低、深度有限的问题,从而实现更高效率加工高质量气膜冷却孔。试验研究结果表明,该方法可以有效去除毫秒激光加工小孔孔壁的再铸层,改善孔壁表面质量,与纳秒激光直接加工小孔比较,在加工1 mm左右深的小孔时可以提高加工效率,但加工2 mm以上深度的小孔时,对提高加工效率的作用不明显。基于试验结果及分析,对二次法加工小孔提出了改进措施。     

带尖针杆的钝体粘性绕流的数值模拟

用无波动、无自由参数耗散的差分（ＮＮＤ）格式数值求解了Ｎ－Ｓ方程,模拟了尖锥柱与球头组合体的高超音速粘性流动;清晰地给出了激波、膨胀波、剪切层和旋涡等流动图象。计算给出的定常流场与实验图象甚为一致。通过数值模拟研究了激波、旋涡的形成和发展过程以及相互作用情况。发现分离区中的旋涡存在分叉、合并及二次分离等演变历程。钝体主激波和分离激波从开始形成到相互撞击;发展到在与分离区相互干扰下向前、向后运动和变形;最后趋于定常状态。     

太阳硬X射线爆简单脉冲峰的理论模型

ＳＭＭ卫星上γ射线谱仪（ＧＲＳ）于１９８０年２月至１９８２年１２月间，观测到１０３个强硬Ｘ射线爆发。根据它们的时间轮廓图，发现其中的２４个事件含有变化幅度大，时间轮廓平滑的简单脉冲峰。２４个峰在５４－１００ｋｅＶ能道的统计结果显示，时间轮廓的上相斜率与下降相斜率具有较好的相关性，相关系数达０．８０，且上升相斜率略大于下降相斜率，平均值比值约为１．３７，为了定理比较，根据它们斜率的平均值构造成了一个