机动飞行时安装角对转子叶片振动的影响

提出旋转转子叶片在轴线发生平面偏转时的振动问题。在非线性曲杆理论的基础上，建立了在陀螺力作用下叶片振动的微分程及其求解方法，并进行了数值分析。结果表明，安装角在不同取值范围和不同转速范围对叶片振动的影响是完全不同的。对于无扭向叶片在低转速下，安装角对振动的影响是显著的；而在高转速下则是很微弱的。当安装角在某个较大的范围取值时，可有效地减弱该运动状态所导致的振动。     

细长尖头旋成体大迎角非对称涡系结构

本文采用数值计算方法,对细长尖拱旋成体大迎角背风侧非对称涡系结构以及与沿轴向交变的侧向力分布的关系进行了研究.求解的是N-S方程,采用Jameson中心格式,湍流采用修正的B-L模型.通过数值模拟揭示了在头部开始产生非对称涡,形成二次涡的机理以及在背风侧形成集中涡的过程.从而说明了采用集中涡来模拟这类流场的正确性,表明了二次涡对多个脱体集中涡形成的贡献.     

主流攻角对双射流孔气膜冷却特性的影响

应用压力敏感漆技术,在平板上测量了不同主流攻角(i=-30°,-20°,-10°,0°,10°,20°,30°)下双射流孔的气膜冷却效率,并利用计算流体动力学(CFD)计算得到的流场对气膜冷却效率的规律进行了解析。所研究的双射流孔结构的孔间无量纲横向距离为0.5,孔间无量纲流向距离为3;射流与主流密度比为1.0,吹风比分别为0.5、1.0、1.5、2.0。结果表明小的主流攻角(i=-10°,0°,10°)下,流场中存在反肾型涡对或挤压作用,气膜层与壁面贴附良好,气膜冷却效率最高;大正值攻角(i=20°,30°)下,虽然气膜覆盖面积大,但反肾型涡对退化,气膜冷却效率下降;大负值攻角(i=-20°,-30°)下,流场中有肾型涡对,且气膜横向覆盖受限,气膜冷却效率最低。     

含金属纳米线多孔铝膜微偏振器的研究

含金属纳米线的多孔铝膜在近红外光区表现出较好的偏振特性。基于金属线栅偏振器的偏振原理,从金属纳米线对不同方向偏振光的消光机理出发,构建了以一排纳米线为研究对象的理论模型,分别计算了电矢量平行于纳米线轴向的偏振光（P）和电矢量垂直于纳米线轴向的偏振光（S）垂直入射时的光学损耗。在入射光波长固定的条件下,得到了P分量光、S分量光的透射率与模板孔径的关系。     

基于星载可见光相机的空间碎片探测

空间碎片在轨识别与参数辨识为空间轨道预警、航天器规避空间碎片提供了重要依据。文章在轨道相对动力学的基础上,模拟了空间碎片在光学探测过程中的拖尾成像特性;随后,采用 Hough变换对空间碎片尾迹特征.r进行提取与识别,获取碎片方位角信息,通过匹配多帧图像,获取碎片的方位角速度信息。同时,结合激光测距仪的测距信息,获取空间碎片的位置和速度信息;通过数值仿真验证,该方法能够实现对空间碎片探测、识别和定位,因而具有一定的工程应用价值。     

面向先进飞行器设计的非定常空气动力学

着重综述飞机在大攻角飞行中遇到的非定常气动力问题，同时强调进一步发展非定常空气动力学对先进飞行器设计具有重要意义。     

跨声速流自发凝结水滴的测量

应用基于多波长消光法原理发展的光学探针,测量了跨声速风洞中不同马赫数湿空气流自发凝结形成的水滴尺寸及浓度,并给出了实验结果     

Microstructure and Optical Characterization of Magnetron Sputtered NbN Thin Films

Some fundamental studies on the preparation, structure and optical properties of NbN films were carried out. NbN thin films were deposited by DC reactive magnetron sputtering at different N2 partial pressures and different substrate temperatures ranging from –50 ℃ to 600 ℃. X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed to characterize their phase com- ponents, microstructures, grain sizes and surface morphology. Optical properties inclusive of refractive indexes, extinction coefficients and transmittance of the NbN films under different sputtering conditions were measured. With the increase in the N2 partial pressure, δ-NbN phase structure gets forming and the grain size and lattice constant of the cubic NbN increasing. The deposited NbN film has relatively high values of refractive index and extinction coefficient in the wavelength ranging from 240 nm to 830 nm. Substrate tem- perature exerts notable influences on the microstructure and optical transmittance of the NbN films. The grain sizes of the δ-NbN film remarkably increase with the rise of the substrate temperature, while the transmittance of the films with the same thickness decreases. Ultra-fine granular film with particle size of several nanometers forms when the substrate is cooled to –50 ℃, and a remarkable aug- mentation of transmittance could be noticed under so low a temperature.     

Effects of yaw-roll coupling ratio on lateral-directional aerodynamic characteristics

Experimental investigation of large amplitude yaw-roll coupled oscillations was conducted in a low-speed wind tunnel using an aircraft configuration model. A special test rig was designed and constructed to provide different coupled motions from low to high angles of attack.A parameter ‘‘coupling ratio" was introduced to indicate the extent of yaw-roll coupling. At each pitch angle, seven coupling ratios were designed to study the yaw-roll coupling effects on the lateraldirectional aerodynamic characteristics systematically. At high angles of attack, the damping characteristics of yawing and rolling moments drastically varied with coupling ratios. In the coupled motions with the rotation taking place about the wind axis, the lateral-directional aerodynamic moments exhibited unsteady characteristics and were different from the ‘‘quasi-steady" results of the rotary balance tests. The calculated results of the traditional aerodynamic derivative method were also compared with the experimental data. At low and very high angles of attack, the aerodynamic derivative method was applicative. However, within a wide range of angles of attack, the calculated results of aerodynamic derivative method were inconsistent with the experimental data, due to the drastic changes of damping characteristics of lateral-directional aerodynamic moments with yaw-roll coupling ratios.