B/Al复合管的研制

介绍了蒸气热等静压法制备B/Al复合管材的工艺过程,讨论了用该方法制备B/Al复合管材的影响因素,如装配工艺、复合工艺等。本试验在温度（490±10）℃、压力70MPa、保压时间为40min～45min的工艺条件下制得了Φ34mm×1mm×1020mm、Φ40mm×1mm×1020mm、Φ60mm×1mm×1200mm三种规格的带接头的B/Al复合管,并对管的物理性能、力学性能进行了测试,结果表明该工艺方案切实可行,在上述参数下可以制得高质量的B/Al复合管。     

焊后热处理对高温运行10CrMo910钢管接头持久寿命的影响

本文通过１０ＣｒＭｏ９１０钢大口径厚壁管道高温模拟试验证实，焊后热处理是一个短时超高温运行过程，它使１０ＣｒＭｏ９１０钢管接头组织提前老化，显著降低了接头的持久寿命。试验结果表明，传统的焊后热处理工序应当取消。     

L形声学谐振器的吸声特性试验

从试验方法、试验装置、试验数据处理等方面对如何有效测试L型声学谐振器法向和切向的吸声特性(包括吸声系数和声阻抗)展开了详细论述,并得出有一定工程价值的试验结论.     

某型飞机空中受油管自动开锁故障分析

针对某型飞机空中受油管在收上位置钢珠锁自动开锁故障,对空中受油管液压收放系统、电路控制系统、收上位置钢珠锁工作原理进行分析,比对钢珠锁开锁压力理论计算和收放系统回油压力测试试验结果,找出空中受油管收上位置钢珠锁自动开锁原因,提出改进建议。     

Kink mode m = 1 in magnetic tube with discontinuous magnetic field

In this paper, we study conditions of realization and stability of kink modes with azimuthal wave numbers $m=\pm 1$ in cylindrical plasma flex with twisted magnetic field and homogeneous current along its axis. We assume permanent axial magnetic field both inside and outside the flex, surrounded by currentless plasma. Azimuthal magnetic field decreases inversely proportional to the distance from the boundary beyond the flex. We derived dispersion equations for stable and unstable modes in approximation of “thin” plasma flex. The analysis of equations has been provided for the case of discontinuous axial magnetic field on flex’s boundary. Conditions of propagation of wave modes have been defined. It was shown, that unstable modes can be implemented in certain interval of longitudinal wavenumbers. Results can be applied for the interpretation of solar magnetic tubes behavior, using measurements, provided by spacecrafts.     

Self-perspiration garment for extravehicular activity improves skin cooling effects without raising humidity

Introduction

The current U.S. extravehicular activity (EVA) suit in space includes liquid cooling and ventilation garment (LCVG) to control thermal condition. Tubes knitted in LCVG for flowing water interrupt evaporation of perspiration, and astronauts feel discomfort. In the present study, we hypothesized that a self-perspiration garment would effectively lower the skin temperature without raising humidity in the garment. Thus, we developed and examined the effects of the garment.

Methods

Eight healthy subjects were studied with a cyclic ergometer of 30, 60 90 and 120 W loading for 3 min each. Skin temperature and humidity on the back were measured continuously. Subjects wore and tested three types of garments i.e., a spandex wear without any cooling device (Normal), a simulated LCVG (s-LCVG) or the spandex wear knitted a vinyl tube for flowing water, and the spandex wear with a tube, which flows water and self-perspiration with oozing water for evaporative cooling (SPEC).

Results

All measurements were reached to steady state 2–3 min after the setting. The s-LCVG decreased skin temperature 0.39±0.14 °C during 12 min of cooling. With SPEC, skin temperature did not decrease significantly until 6–9 min after starting the cooling. However, the temperature decreased rapidly and significantly after that, and finally decreased 1.59±0.32 °C. Humidity in the SPEC was significantly lower than that in s-LCVG.

Discussion

SPEC was effective for lowering skin temperature without raising humidity in the garment. The concept is expected to use as a better cooling system during EVA.     

管式间接蒸发冷却器换热管的亲水性

对管式间接蒸发冷却器在应用过程中存在的换热管表面亲水性较差的问题进行分析,介绍亲水性的表征方法,分析亲水涂膜需要具备的性能,并详细介绍了三种亲水涂膜各自的特点及亲水机理。提出采用亲水溶液对铝箔表面进行亲水整理的方法来提高其亲水性,结果显示经过亲水处理后铝箔表面亲水性和持续亲水性都大大提高。     

有限空间中激波运动的数值模拟

采用一种有限体积的TVD格式模拟喷流产生的启动激波在有限空间内的运动过程。计算获得的激波运动过程与激波在大气中传播时的实验结果一致。在传播过程中出现涡环和多次激波。计算表明,在真空箱为正方体的情况下,激波管出口附近的压力脉冲特性主要取决于有限空间的轴向长度。所得结果对毫秒级激波管喷流模拟装置的真空箱设计有参考价值。     

MHD waves in coronal flux tubes

The basic MHD waves of a coronal flux loop are investigated for the rectangular box model of a plasma with oblique magnetic field and line-tied at the ends. The waves found are completely different from those in a periodic box, representative for tokamaks. They consist of a mixture of Alfvén components with a ballooning factor, favouring minimal field line bending, and fast components without such a factor. Pure Alfvén modes are only found as singular limiting cases of cluster spectra of Alfvén-fast waves, where the fast components are localised in a photospheric boundary layer which is dictated by the requirements of line-tying. This justifies the assumption of continuous spectra in coronal loops, required for the mechanism of resonant Alfvén wave heating. The waves consist of large amplitude Alfvén components in the corona and fast components with a small but rapidly varying amplitude in the boundary layer, so that they appear to have the right signature for effective transfer of energy from the photosphere to the corona.     

火焰筒内燃气辐射的蒙特卡罗法计算

用概率统计方法计算了航空发动机燃烧室火焰筒内燃气对壁面的辐射热流, 计算中考虑了燃气的辐射及吸收特性。该计算程序适用于二维轴对称的环型燃烧室和单管燃烧室辐射热流的计算, 并对计算结果进行误差分析。介绍了算例计算结果, 为了检验该计算程序的可靠性, 对角系数进行了校核计算, 其结果是令人满意的。此外, 文中还介绍了对某环型燃烧室和一假想单管燃烧室的计算及误差分析结果。