Effect of bristle pack position on the rotordynamic characteristics of brush-labyrinth seals at various operating conditions

Over the last few decades, the research on the effect of bristle pack position on the rotordynamic characteristics of the brush-labyrinth seals is not sufficient. To this end, two kinds of brush-labyrinth seals for the bristle pack element installed upstream of the labyrinth teeth named BSU and installed downstream of the labyrinth teeth called BSD were used to investigate the effect of bristle pack position on the rotordynamic characteristics of the brush-labyrinth seals. Using the numerical model combining the porous medium model and the whirling rotor method, the rotordynamic characteristics of the BSU and BSD at various operating conditions including four kinds of pressure ratios, five kinds of inlet preswirl speeds and four kinds of rotor spinning speeds were conducted. The obtained results show that the effects of operating conditions on rotordynamic coefficients for the different seal configurations are different. The direct stiffness, cross-coupled stiffness and direct damping of the BSU are lower than those of the BSD. The rotordynamic coefficients of the BSU are more insensitive to the operating conditions variation. From the perspective of the seal stability, the BSU is a better brush-labyrinth seal configuration at high pressure ratio, high positive preswirl or high rotor spinning speed conditions. While in the case of low pressure ratio, low positive preswirl or low rotor spinning speed conditions, the BSD is a better choice.     

无导叶对转涡轮新技术气动设计探讨

由于当供新的歼击机发展的需要,推重比10以上的涡扇发动机的研制势在必行,而对于涡轮部件,采用超跨声、大负荷、低稠度、无导叶、大转折角的对转涡轮方案是一个重大的技术措施。它将大幅度减轻发动机重量,提高推重比。分析了对转涡轮的优点,引出涡轮气动设计,计算方面的新问题和新概念。设计制造出了试验件,建立了对转涡轮试验台。     

Flow mechanism between purge flow and mainstream in different turbine rim seal configurations

The rim seal is used to prevent mainstream ingestion to the gap between the vane of a turbine and its blade. In this article, the dolphin lip with a hook configuration and a large seal cavity with hook structures are designed based on the high-pressure turbine datum single shark lip rim seal configuration. The sealing effect and parameters of the flow field are measured by an experiment method and a numerical simulation is used to explain the mechanism. For three configurations, the effect of the leakage slot vortex on the efficiency of the seal and the influence of leakage vortex, generated by the interaction between purge flow and mainstream flow, are discussed in depth. The result shows that the reverse vortex formed by the dolphin lip rim seal with hook structure will increase the sealing efficiency. The seal configuration with a large cavity improves sealing efficiency to a greater extent than the datum structure. At different purge flow rates and with unequal seal structures, the purge flow produces three types of leakage vortices in the passage. Besides, the seal configuration with dolphin lip produces a Kelvin-Helmholtz instability at the interface of the purge and the mainstream flows at a low purge flow rate to induce new leakage vortex branches in the passage of the blade.     

刷式封严初期使用特性的实验和数值研究

为了获得刷式封严在使用初期的泄漏特性,分别对两组实验件进行了27小时和50小时的泄漏特性实验,并利用多孔介质模型对实验结果进行了数值分析。实验表明:在使用初期,刷式封严的泄漏量与上下游的压差成正比;随着使用时间的增加,其泄漏水平逐渐降低直至最后趋于稳定。数值分析表明:在使用初期,刷丝排列由最初的疏松状态逐渐趋于紧密,并最终稳定在接近于紧密差排的状态,刷丝排列状态的变化改变了刷束的孔隙率,从而改变了刷束对流体泄漏的阻力,导致了刷式封严泄漏水平的变化。     

对转压气机转差特性试验与数值研究

为了探索对转压气机流场特性,积累相关设计经验,本文进行在前后级转子等转速压比和效率特性试验基础上,着重进行了前后级转子不同转差下的特性实验。同时,借助CFD技术,辅助分析了转差对压气机特性及流场的影响。结果表明,转差变化引起压气机性能与流场结构发生显著变化,是影响压气机性能的主要因素之一。     

直通篦齿蜂窝封严结构的风阻特性试验

试验研究了直通直齿和直通斜齿与蜂窝衬套和光滑衬套4种组合的三齿两腔封严结构的风阻特性,得到了风阻特性随转速、压比、衬套和齿形结构的变化规律.结果表明:4种组合封严结构在低转速时风阻生热基本都可以忽略,转速在3000r/min到6000r/min之间变化时风阻生热引起的流体总温升随转速增大;采用光滑衬套时,泄漏流体流至首级齿腔处的总温升占进出口总温升比例维持在45%以上,而蜂窝衬套对气流黏滞作用大,低压比时首级齿腔总温升占进出口总温升的比例仅有20%左右,继续增加压比,首级齿腔处的总温升比例由20%增加到50%左右后保持不变;相同衬套时,斜齿比直齿具有较长的齿表面曲线长度,从而具有较高的风阻生热.      

结构及工况对人字型指尖气浮密封的性能影响

在对人字型指尖气浮密封工作条件下激励形式分析及处理的基础上,建立了人字型指尖气浮密封系统的分析模型,并得到了人字型指尖气浮密封系统的动态泄漏率和动态气膜承载力的计算方法.以实际算例分析了人字型槽不同结构参数和工况参数对密封性能的影响规律.结果表明:人字型槽的各结构参数对密封的性能都有影响,其中,螺旋角的变化对密封性能的...     

各向同性热解炭材料中的缺陷分析和超声检测技术

利用偏光金相显微镜和超声探伤仪对高性能机械密封用块体各向同性热解炭材料中的缺陷进行表征和无损检测.偏光显微观察发现,各向同性热解炭材料中的主要缺陷主要包括三种:各向异性夹杂、裂纹和各向同性夹杂.超声实验研究表明,利用脉冲反射法超声波检测技术可有效检出各向同性热解炭制件中存在的上述缺陷.目前该技术已成功地用于各向同性热解...     

开式转子发动机对转桨扇性能建模研究

对转桨扇开式转子发动机性能计算的难点在于对转桨扇部件的性能计算。传统方法是将对转桨扇简化处理为涡轮螺桨进行计算,但精度较低。本文基于传统涡轮螺桨性能模拟方法,考虑前排桨扇出口气流对后排桨扇的影响,对前、后排桨扇进行独立建模,建立了开式转子发动机对转桨扇部件级性能计算模型,并使用美国NASA风洞试验数据进行验证。结果表明,对转桨扇性能模型计算精度较高,采用此模型可较准确地模拟不同设计参数和不同控制规律下的对转桨扇性能,并评估其对开式转子发动机总体性能的影响。     

直通式蓖齿封严特性的实验研究

用实验方法研究了直通式直齿和直通式斜齿在不同的齿类厚度与封严间隙比、齿数和流向的条件下,泄漏量随蓖齿前后压力比的变化规律。得到了几个有价值的结论,提出了计算其泄漏量的经验公式。计算结果与实验数据吻合良好。