Variation of dayside chorus waves associated with solar wind dynamic pressure based on MMS observations

The whistler-mode chorus waves are one of the most important plasma waves in the Earth’s magnetosphere. Generally, the amplitude of whistler-mode chorus waves prefers to strengthen when the energetic fluxes of anisotropic electrons increase outside the plasmapause. This characteristic is commonly associated with the geomagnetic storms or substorms. However, the relationship between the solar wind dynamic pressure (P_sw) and the long-time variation of chorus waves during the quiet period of the geomagnetic activity still needs more detailed investigations. In this paper, based on MMS observations, we present a chorus event just observed in the inner side of magnetopause without obvious geomagnetic storms or substroms. Interestingly, during this time interval, some P_sw fluctuations were recorded. Both the amplitudes and frequencies of chorus waves changed as a response to the variation in P_sw. It proved that the enhancement of P_sw increases the energetic electrons fluxes, which provides free energies for the chorus amplification. Furthermore, the wave growth rates calculated using linear theory increases and the central frequency of the chorus waves shifts to a higher frequency when the P_sw enhancement is greater, which are also consistent well with the observations. The results provide a direct evidence that the P_sw play an important role in the long-time variation of whistler-mode chorus waves inside the magnetopause.     

Calculation of the transonic dip of airfoils using viscous-inviscid aerodynamic interaction method

A numerical procedure for the calculation of the transonic dip of airfoils in the time domain is presented. A viscous-inviscid aerodynamic interaction method is taken to calculate the unsteady aerodynamic loads. In the present case the integral boundary layer equations are coupled with the Transonic Small Disturbance (TSD) Potential Equation. The coupling between structural motion and aerodynamic loads is carried out using State Space equation. It is solved by State Transition Matrix technique. Results are presented for NACA 64A010 and NLR 7301 airfoils with structural data from Isogai and DLR, respectively. Comparisons show good agreement with other numerical results. Certain deviations of experimental data taken from literature need more insight in the detailed test conditions.     

八丝热线探针制作及其应用

介绍了八丝热线探针的制作工艺,有效地消除了各热丝探头之间的电信号干扰和动力学干扰。实验中使用该探针检测到了湍流边界层内的大尺度旋涡,并测量了它们的强度和尺度。与此同时还获得了速度、湍流强度和功率谱等流场参数,结果与现有典型数据一致。说明本文所述的多丝热线探针具有很强的实用性。     

马蹄涡结构的显示

对层流角区流动的动态流动模式进行了流动可视化实验研究.实验采用了脉冲氢泡发生器和录像系统对流场进行了显示和研究.通过实验发现,氢泡丝的布置是清晰显示角区流动的精细结构的重要因素.实验雷诺数范围为Reδ*=2.74×102～3.19×102.该实验的角区流动由在平板表面的长方形突起物产生.实验结果显示了主马蹄涡和反向二次涡的流动结构和流动过程.实验还发现了一系列新的流动现象,如马蹄涡的头部形成区域的流动过程及其在柱体上游形成"肩膀"的现象等.     

二维通道内湍流边界层分离的实验研究

用激光多普勒技术测量了二维扩压器中不可压湍流边界层分离流动，得到了时均速度和雷诺剪应力分布。实验结果分析表明：以Ｃｏｌｅｓ速度律发展的Ｂａｒｄｉｎａ速度分布可以描述瞬时间歇分离点以前和瞬时间歇再附点以后的时均速度分布，但无法描述分离区的边界层速度型。Ｃｒｏｓｓ速度分布可描述分离区的边界层速度分布。Ｃｅｂｅｃｉ＆Ｓｍｉｔｈ涡粘性代数模型难以正确地描述分离边界层的雷诺剪应力。     

子波变换在实验流体力学中的应用

介绍了子波分析的历史、基本知识以及在实验流体力学方面的应用。讨论了子波变换在客观辨识湍流边界层相干结构方面的应用。作者用子波变换的方法提出了确定湍流边界层相干结构挥发时间尺度的能量最大准则，提取了相干结构对应的速度信号波形。用于波变换研究了湍流边界层脉动速度信号的局部奇异性行为，发现相干结构发生处脉动速度信号的局部奇异性指数为负值。     

Collision Risk Mitigation in Geostationary Orbit

The short- and long-term effects of spacecraft explosions, as a function of the end-of-life re-orbit altitude above the geostationary orbit (GEO), were analyzed in terms of their additional contribution to the debris flux in the GEO ring. The simulated debris clouds were propagated for 72yrs, taking into account all the relevant orbital perturbations.The results obtained show that 6–7 additional explosions in GEO would be sufficient, in the long term, to double the current collision risk with sizable objects in GEO. Unfortunately, even if spacecraft were to re-orbit between 300 and 500km above GEO, this would not significantly improve the situation. In fact, an altitude increase of at least 2000km would have to be adopted to reduce by one order of magnitude the long-term risk of collision among geostationary satellites and explosion fragments. The optimal debris mitigation strategy should be a compromise between the reliability and effectiveness of spacecraft end-of-life passivation, the re-orbit altitude and the acceptable debris background in the GEO ring. However, for as long as the re-orbit altitudes currently used are less than 500km above GEO, new spacecraft explosions must be avoided in order to preserve the geostationary environment over the long term.     

航天器的防污染技术

简单介绍了航天器污染的概念,污染对航天器的损害,航天器污染研究的重要性,以及国内外航天器防污染研究概况。着重介绍真空热试验中的污染控制方法。引入航天器自污染的概念,介绍消除航天器自污染的有效办法是真空烘烤。     

网络最大流与最小割集的矩阵算法

本文给出了解决运输问题为中心的一类特殊的线性规划问题的新的、简便的算法。网络最大流与最小割集的矩阵算法,不仅能解决许多这类问题,而且能使最小费用流、分配问题和运输问题容易通过计算机来实现。     

后向台阶层流边界层分离实验研究

本文应用偏振差动式激光测速仪对后向台阶层流边界层分离、再附及发展为湍流边界层的整个过程进行了精细的量测,得到了时均速度、湍流强度等的分布特性。我们发现,在本实验条件下,层流边界层分离后在再附点处为过渡流,进一步发展最后形成湍流边界层。在湍流边界层区域,流速分布遵循对数律,但积分常数比平板湍流边界层中所得值要大。