Obscured Activity: AGN, Quasars, Starbursts and ULIGs Observed by the Infrared Space Observatory

Some of the most ‘active’ galaxies in the Universe are obscured by large quantities of dust and emit a substantial fraction of their bolometric luminosity in the infrared. Observations of these infrared luminous galaxies with the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) have provided a relatively unabsorbed view to the sources fuelling this active emission. The improved sensitivity, spatial resolution and spectroscopic capability of ISO over its predecessor Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS) of enabled significant advances in the understanding of the infrared properties of active galaxies. ISO surveyed a wide range of active galaxies which, in the context of this review, includes those powered by intense bursts of star formation as well as those containing a dominant active galactic nucleus (AGN). Mid-infrared imaging resolved for the first time the dust enshrouded nuclei in many nearby galaxies, while a new era in infrared spectroscopy was opened by probing a wealth of atomic, ionic and molecular lines as well as broad band features in the mid- and far-infrared. This was particularly useful, since it resulted in the understanding of the power production, excitation and fuelling mechanisms in the nuclei of active galaxies including the intriguing but so far elusive ultraluminous infrared galaxies. Detailed studies of various classes of AGN and quasars greatly improved our understanding of the unification scenario. Far-infrared imaging and photometry revealed the presence of a new very cold dust component in galaxies and furthered our knowledge of the far-infrared properties of faint starbursts, ULIGs and quasars. We summarise almost nine years of key results based on ISO data spanning the full range of luminosity and type of active galaxies.     

求解含多个右端向量非对称线性方程组的自适应块拟最小残量IOM(q)算法

许多实际应用问题需要求解含多个右端向量的大型非对称线性方程组 ,通常是把原来方程组分成单独几个含一个右端向量的方程组 ,再用某种迭代法分别单个求解 ,而更加经济有效的方法是应用能同时产生几个迭代向量的块迭代法来直接求解。本文在 IOM(q)算法的基础上 ,提出一种求解此类方程组的块拟最小残量 IOM(q)算法 ,讨论了如何收缩掉已收敛的部分方程组以及如何从产生的块 Krylov序列中删除线性相关或几乎线性相关向量的自适应技术。数值试验表明 ,此新的自适应块算法比块 GMRES算法及其他相关算法具有更好的收敛行为、更少的计算量和 CPU计算时间 ,是求解此类方程组的一种更加经济有效的算法。     

杨振宁的科学研究艺术

杨振宁教授是位著名的物理学家，诺贝尔物理学奖金获得者。他在物理学研究中取得的成就同科学研究的艺术是分不开的。本文分析了如下三个问题：第一“对称性支配相互作用”与杨米尔斯规范场理论；第二，科学研究中的风格和ｔａｓｔｅ；第三，科学研究方向的选择。该文无论是对年青的研究还是对成熟的学者从事科学研究都有指导意义。     

延长热电池寿命的途径探讨

从防空导弹地面电源－－热电池的热设计和工艺角度出发，分析影响电池工作寿命的因素，提出延长电池工作寿命的三条途径：合理控制热电池的内部热量；提高加热片的均匀性；合理选择外保温材料。实践证明，这些途径是可行的。     

Progress in space weather predictions and applications

The methods of today’s predictions of space weather and effects are so much more advanced and yesterday’s statistical methods are now replaced by integrated knowledge-based neuro-computing models and MHD methods. Within the ESA Space Weather Programme Study a real-time forecast service has been developed for space weather and effects. This prototype is now being implemented for specific users. Today’s applications are not only so many more but also so much more advanced and user-oriented. A scientist needs real-time predictions of a global index as input for an MHD model calculating the radiation dose for EVAs. A power company system operator needs a prediction of the local value of a geomagnetically induced current. A science tourist needs to know whether or not aurora will occur. Soon we might even be able to predict the tropospheric climate changes and weather caused by the space weather.     

应用聚类分析对关联规则进行分组

关联规则是要从大量的数据中找到数据之间的规律，但有时所产生的规律十分繁多，从而形成新的知识管理问题。针对该问题本文提出了一个新的算法，该算法利用系统聚类分析方法对规则进行分组，从而可更好地帮助用户解所发现的规律，该方法的距离（RatioD）是基于关联规则本身，因此，可对规则进行高效地分组。实验结果表明，该算法是有效的。     

雷达有源诱偏与反辐射导弹对抗仿真技术

简要分析反辐射对抗技术的发展应用情况,分析并提出了雷达有源诱偏与反辐射导弹对抗性能评估试验方法,最后介绍了一种抗反辐射导弹有源诱偏路馈半实物仿真系统研制与试验情况。     

分形图象学的发展

简述分形几何基本概念及其在图象领域中的应用，包括随机分形模型、混沌动态系统中的分形及迭代函数系统分形模型及其典型应用。     

严格伪压缩映象的Ishikawa迭代序列

证明了Ｌ＾ｐ（或ｌ＾ｐ）（Ｐ≥２）上的李普希茨严格伪压缩映象的Ｉｓｈｉｋａｗａ迭代序列必收敛到映象的不动点。     

新型高推比涡轮风扇发动机盘时耦合振动分析

本文将群论算法和动态子结构技术结合起来，并采用计算效率极高的Ｂｅｎｆｉｅｌｄ－Ｈｒｕｄａ的模态代入变换法，分析了某型发动机压气机的叶片／轮盘耦合系统的振动特性，计算了该叶片／轮盘耦合系统的前５阶振动频率和振型．根据叶片／轮盘耦合系统的共振条件进行共振分析，确定该发动机压气机有可能发生叶片／轮盘耦合共振．