基于DSP平台优化H.264编码器

H．264是新一代的视频标准,相对以往MPEG2,MPEG4等相比压缩效率和图像质量都有很大提升,另外它本身的纠错能力很强,在网络传播中优势明显,但是与此同时其自身较为复杂的结构性也对其发展产生了一定的限制,优化H．264方法较多,特点各异,本文对其中主要的几种方法进行讨论。     

制泥废水及烧结废水的处理与回用

通过对处理制泥废水及烧结废水工艺、设备、措施及综合利用进行了详细的描述,对拟用新措施将污水二次处理预期达到饮用及绿化水标准提出了建设性的设想,采用现代计算机FLASH软件将生产工艺制作成动画演示,强化了工厂管理体系.     

Online condition diagnosis for a two-stage gearbox machinery of an aerospace utilization system using an ensemble multi-fault features indexing approach

China manned space station is designed to operate for over ten years. Long-term and sustainable research on space science and technology will be conducted during its operation. The application payloads must meet the ‘‘long life and high reliability" mission requirement. Gearbox machinery is one of the essential devices in an aerospace utilization system, failure of which may lead to downtime loss even during some disastrous catastrophes. A fault diagnosis of gearbox has attracted attentions for its significance in preventing catastrophic accidents and guaranteeing sufficient maintenance. A novel fault diagnosis method based on the Ensemble Multi-Fault Features Indexing(EMFFI) approach is proposed for the condition monitoring of gearboxes. Different from traditional methods of signal analysis in the one-dimensional space, this study employs a supervised learning method to determine the faults of a gearbox in a two-dimensional space using the classification model established by training the features extracted automatically from diagnostic vibration signals captured. The proposed method mainly includes the following steps. First, the vibration signals are transformed into a bi-spectrum contour map utilizing bi-spectrum technology,which provides a basis for the following image-based feature extraction. Then, Speeded-Up Robustness Feature(SURF) is applied to automatically extract the image feature points of the bi-spectrum contour map using a multi-fault features indexing theory, and the feature dimension is reduced by Linear Discriminant Analysis(LDA). Finally, Random Forest(RF) is introduced to identify the fault types of the gearbox. The test results verify that the proposed method based on the multi-fault features indexing approach achieves the target of high diagnostic accuracy and can serve as a highly effective technique to discover faults in a gearbox machinery such as a two-stage one.     

Production characteristics of the “higher plants–soil-like substrate” system as an element of the bioregenerative life support system

The study addresses the possibility of long-duration operation of a higher plant conveyor, using a soil-like substrate (SLS) as the root zone. Chufa (Cyperus esculentus L.), radish (Raphanus sativus L.), and lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) were used as study material. A chufa community consisting of 4 age groups and radish and lettuce communities consisting of 2 age groups were irrigated with a nutrient solution, which contained mineral elements extracted from the SLS. After each harvest, inedible biomass of the harvested plants and inedible biomasses of wheat and saltwort were added to the SLS. The amounts of the inedible biomasses of wheat and saltwort to be added to the SLS were determined based on the nitrogen content of the edible mass of harvested plants. CO₂ concentration in the growth chamber was maintained within the range of 1100–1700 ppm. The results of the study show that higher plants can be grown quite successfully using the proposed process of plant waste utilization in the SLS. The addition of chufa inedible biomass to the SLS resulted in species-specific inhibition of growth of both cultivated crops and microorganisms in the “higher plants – SLS” system. There were certain differences between the amounts of some mineral elements removed from the SLS with the harvested edible biomass and those added to it with the inedible biomasses of wheat and saltwort.     

投影机的使用与维护

投影机在教学中已经得到了广泛应用，但因其价格高、维修费用高、环境要求高、灯泡使用寿命短等问题，已经影响了设备的正常使用。因此正确使用和维护投影设备，以提高投影机的使用寿命，降低使用成本，是广大使用者和管理者必须重视的一项工作。     

A biological method of including mineralized human liquid and solid wastes into the mass exchange of bio-technical life support systems

The main obstacle to using mineralized human solid and liquid wastes as a source of mineral elements for plants cultivated in bio-technical life support systems (BLSS) is that they contain NaCl. The purpose of this study is to determine whether mineralized human wastes can be used to prepare the nutrient solution for long-duration conveyor cultivation of uneven-aged wheat and Salicornia europaea L. plant community. Human solid and liquid wastes were mineralized by the method of “wet incineration” developed by Yu. Kudenko. They served as a basis for preparing the solutions that were used for conveyor-type cultivation of wheat community represented by 5 age groups, planted with a time interval of 14 days. Wheat was cultivated hydroponically on expanded clay particles. To reduce salt content of the nutrient solution, every two weeks, after wheat was harvested, 12 L of solution was removed from the wheat irrigation tank and used for Salicornia europaea cultivation in water culture in a conveyor mode. The Salicornia community was represented by 2 age groups, planted with a time interval of 14 days. As some portion of the nutrient solution used for wheat cultivation was regularly removed, sodium concentration in the wheat irrigation solution did not exceed 400 mg/L, and mineral elements contained in the removed portion were used for Salicornia cultivation. The experiment lasted 4 months. The total wheat biomass productivity averaged 30.1 g · m⁻² · day⁻¹, and the harvest index amounted to 36.8%. The average productivity of Salicornia edible biomass on a dry weight basis was 39.3 g · m⁻² · day⁻¹, and its aboveground mass contained at least 20% of NaCl. Thus, the proposed technology of cultivation of wheat and halophyte plant community enables using mineralized human wastes as a basis for preparing nutrient solutions and including NaCl in the mass exchange of the BLSS; moreover, humans are supplied with additional amounts of leafy vegetables.     

航天测控资源应用现状及综合利用研究

针对我国航天测控资源存在“条块分割、设备分散”等问题,进行相应分析并提出解决设想,其目的是找到适合我国国情的航天测控资源合理配置,实现测控资源和空间资源充分共享及综合利用。首先对我国地球同步卫星和近地卫星的航天测控资源应用现状进行分析;其次根据不同卫星的测控特点,提出航天测控资源综合利用的设想,并对其利弊进行了详细讨论;最后结合我国航天测控资源实际情况,指出了实现航天测控资源综合利用需要重点解决测控覆盖范围等关键技术问题。     

Integration of In-Situ Resource Utilization into lunar/Mars exploration through field analogs

The ability to extract and process resources at the site of exploration into useful products such as propellants, life support and power system consumables, and radiation and rocket exhaust plume debris shielding, known as In-Situ Resource Utilization or ISRU, has the potential to significantly reduce the launch mass, risk, and cost of robotic and human exploration of space. The incorporation of ISRU into missions can also significantly influence technology selection and system development in other areas such as power, life support, and propulsion. For example, the ability to extract or produce large amounts of oxygen and/or water in-situ could minimize the need to completely close life support air and water processing system cycles, change thermal and radiation protection of habitats, and influence propellant selection for ascent vehicles and surface propulsive hoppers. While concepts and even laboratory work on evaluating and developing ISRU techniques such as oxygen extraction from lunar regolith have been going on since before the Apollo 11 Moon landing, no ISRU system has ever flown in space, and only recently have ISRU technologies been developed at a scale and at a system level that is relevant to actual robotic and human mission applications. Because ISRU hardware and systems have never been demonstrated or utilized before on robotic or human missions, architecture and mission planners and surface system hardware developers are hesitant to rely on ISRU products and services that are critical to mission and system implementation success. To build confidence in ISRU systems for future missions and assess how ISRU systems can best influence and integrate with other surface system elements, NASA, with international partners, are performing analog field tests to understand how to take advantage of ISRU capabilities and benefits with the minimum of risk associated with introducing this game-changing approach to exploration. This paper will describe and review the results of four analog field tests (Moses Lake in 6/08, Mauna Kea in 11/08, Flagstaff in 9/09, and Mauna Kea in 1/10) that have begun the process of integrating ISRU into robotic and human exploration systems and missions, and propose future ISRU-related analog field test activities that can be performed in collaboration with non-US space agencies.     

燃气空调的应用及展望

通过将燃气空调与传统的电空调器进行对比，指出燃气空调具有能源利用合理、环保、节能高效等优点，并对燃气空调的发展应用进行了展望，认为燃气空调将成为我国未来新型空调的发展方向。     

遗传算法在多目标干扰中的应用

为了解决多目标干扰中多参数波形优化设计,在标准遗传算法的基础上,对交叉、变异概率做自适应处理,提出一种基于二进制编码的自适应遗传算法。改进后的自适应遗传算法不仅解决了多参数波形优化中需考虑参数过多、高维、无约束条件、无法用常规方法得到理想波形的问题,而且与标准遗传算法以及未做自适应处理的改进遗传算法相比,在算法的收敛性方面和全局搜索方面都有了提高。仿真实验证明该算法的有效性和正确性。