一种基于单频授时接收机的纳秒级时间同步方法研究

针对未来通信同步网等需要低成本、高精度、大范围时间同步的应用需求,研究了基于单频接收机进行卫星共视比对的可行性。提出了一种基于单频授时接收机的标准时间远程复现方法,并最终实现了一套低成本的标准时间复现设备,能提供与标准时间小于10ns(3σ)的时间偏差。该设备可用于组建时间同步网,保证网内节点间时差小于20ns,结合多级分层传递组网策略,理论上可以建立覆盖全球的时间同步网。     

UTC（NTSC）自动监控软件的设计方案及计算机模拟

论述了我国UTC(NTSC)自动监控软件的必要性 ,给出了自动监控软件算法的一种设计方案以及利用计算机模拟的结果 ,并对模拟的结果进行了分析。     

Severe disruption of the cytoskeleton and immunologically relevant surface molecules in a human macrophageal cell line in microgravity—Results of an in vitro experiment on board of the Shenzhou-8 space mission

During spaceflight the immune system is one of the most affected systems of the human body. During the SIMBOX (Science in Microgravity Box) mission on Shenzhou-8, we investigated microgravity-associated long-term alterations in macrophageal cells, the most important effector cells of the immune system. We analyzed the effect of long-term microgravity on the cytoskeleton and immunologically relevant surface molecules. Human U937 cells were differentiated into a macrophageal phenotype and exposed to microgravity or 1g on a reference centrifuge on-orbit for 5 days. After on-orbit fixation, the samples were analyzed with immunocytochemical staining and confocal microscopy after landing. The unmanned Shenzhou-8 spacecraft was launched on board a Long March 2F (CZ-2F) rocket from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center (JSLC) and landed after a 17-day-mission. We found a severely disturbed actin cytoskeleton, disorganized tubulin and distinctly reduced expression of CD18, CD36 and MHC-II after the 5 days in microgravity. The disturbed cytoskeleton, the loss of surface receptors for bacteria recognition, the activation of T lymphocytes, the loss of an important scavenger receptor and of antigen-presenting molecules could represent a dysfunctional macrophage phenotype. This phenotype in microgravity would be not capable of migrating or recognizing and attacking pathogens, and it would no longer activate the specific immune system, which could be investigated in functional assays. Obviously, the results have to be interpreted with caution as the model system has some limitations and due to numerous technical and biological restrictions (e.g. 23 °C and no CO₂ supply during in-flight incubation). All parameter were carefully pre-tested on ground. Therefore, the experiment could be adapted to the experimental conditions available on Shenzhou-8.     

基于iGMAS的国家标准时间精密授时系统

UTC是国际标准时间.UTC(NTSC)是UTC的物理实现之一,是我国的国家标准时间,也是我国一切授时业务的基础.目前,广泛应用的GNSS授时精度可达10～50ns.随着现代信息社会的快速发展,数十纳秒的授时精度及事后处理的工作模式已无法满足需求.针对上述问题,设计了基于iGMAS的国家标准时间精密授时系统(PTS).PTS的基本原理为:服务端基于iGMAS平台生成实时轨道及以UTC(NTSC)为参考的实时卫星钟差,用户端结合实时产品及伪距、载波相位观测数据,解算本地钟与UTC(NTSC)偏差.此外,搭建了PTS原型系统并展开测试分析,测试结果显示,基于PTS原型系统,各用户站授时精度均优于1ns.与GNSS授时技术相比,PTS将授时精度提高了1～2个量级,且基于国家标准时间授时,成本低廉,易于实现,具有应用前景.