An experimental investigation on static directional stability

A generic aircraft usually loses its static directional stability at moderate angle of attack (typically 20–30?). In this research, wind tunnel studies were performed using an aircraft model with moderate swept wing and a conventional vertical tail. The purpose of this study was to investigate flow mechanisms responsible for static directional stability. Measurements of force, surface pressure and spatial flow field were carried out for angles of attack from 0? to 46? and sideslip angles from ?8? to 8?. Results of the wind tunnel experiments show that the vertical tail is the main contributor to static directional stability, while the fuselage is the main contributor to static directional instabil-ity of the model. In the sideslip attitude for moderate angles of attack, the fuselage vortex and the wing vortex merged together and changed asymmetrically as angle of attack increased on the wind-ward side and leeward side of the vertical tail. The separated asymmetrical vortex flow around the vertical tail is the main reason for reduction in the static directional stability. Compared with the wing vortices, the fuselage vortices are more concentrated and closer to the vertical tail, so the yaw-ing moment of vertical tail is more unstable than that when the wings are absent. On the other hand, the attached asymmetrical flow over the fuselage in sideslip leads to the static directional instability of the fuselage being exacerbated. It is mainly due to the predominant model contour blockage effect on the windward side flow over the model in sideslip, which is strongly affected by angle of attack.     

Performance of wavecatcher intakes at angles of attack and sideslip

A wavecatcher type scramjet intake, that reduces the Mach number number from 4 to 1.552, is used as the basis for a study of flow starting/unstarting as affected by freestream angles of attack and sideslip. The intake design is based on a morphed streamtube consisting of two conical flow streamlines using streamline tracing and osculating axisymmetric design theory. Intake flow and performance is modeled using the numerical CFD code and the k-ε turbulence model. The intake unstarts at a sideslip angle of 2°, a positive angle of attack of 1°. Both positive angle of attack and sideslip angle have an adverse effect on the startability of the MBus intake. At negative angles, the intake initially unstarts at −5° angle of attack, due to the thickened shear layer induced by the streamwise vortex. Then it re-starts at −8° angle of attack, mainly due to the expansion fan formed at the leading edge, causing the shock wave structures inside the intake to be re-established.     

飞机在尾旋中侧滑和坡度的分析

分析了在飞机在尾旋中产生侧滑和坡度的根本原因，论述了侧滑和坡度在尾中的变化的规律，影响侧滑和坡度的因素，以及侧滑和坡度变化对尾旋动态的影响，同时就尾旋中偏滚对尾旋侧滑的影响，绕铅垂旋轴对坡度的影响等进行了讨论分析，最后通过分析ＪＪ６飞机和ＪＪ５飞机尾旋的测试曲线，进一步说明了ωｘ和ωｙ对坡度的影响，可为飞行员掌握尾旋特性，提高飞行技术和保证飞行安全提供参考。     

侧滑对后掠翼飞机俯仰操纵影响的探讨

运用基础理论，对后掠翼飞机出现侧滑时的地仰状态变化进行分析。文中推导了后掠翼飞机的后掠角在有侧滑时对升力的影响，以及下洗角大小和分布的变化在水平尾翼处引起的俯仰力矩变化。通过时几种飞机的计算和分析比较，说明了后掠角在侧滑中具有提供上仰力矩的作用，从而在理论上解决了大后掠角飞机（如Ｊ—６飞机）出现侧滑时的急剧上仰现象和操纵措施问题，为在飞行中出现偏差进行修正提供了理论依据。对提高飞行员的驾驶技术和保证飞行安全有着积极的作用。     

K8飞机侧向飞行参数协调分析及垂尾载荷计算

在K8飞机疲劳定寿中,一个重要的工作是进行大量的飞机飞行参数空测。各个测试参数之问的协调性、配套性,决定了依参数进行部件载荷及其压心计算结果的可用程度。鉴于不同传感器有各自的测试精确度,也存在不同传感器的校准与安装误差,因此对飞行参数的空测结果进行协调性与配套性的处理是必要的。本文从六自由度运动方程出发,对K8飞机侧向飞行参数的测试结果作了协调性计算分析,在对飞行参数作必要的修正基础上,对垂尾载荷作了计算。计算分析的对象是强度室提供的六个飞行参数原始文件(共2500多套,30000多个数据)。     

一种飞行迎角和侧滑角解算方法研究

水陆两栖飞机的机身外形复杂,采用单一迎角传感器难以消除侧滑角的影响。对某大型水陆两栖飞机的前机身模型进行风洞试验,根据机身两侧迎角传感器受侧滑角影响的特点,在机身两侧对称位置安装迎角传感器,研究左右两侧迎角传感器的测量值随模型迎角、侧滑角的变化规律;根据左右两侧测量值的均值和差值,反算得到飞行迎角和侧滑角,并对此迎角、侧滑角解算方案进行试飞验证。结果表明：机身两侧安装迎角传感器可以消除侧滑角影响,从而得到准确的迎角信号,还可根据左右迎角差值计算得到侧滑角,采用机身左右两侧的迎角传感器解算飞行迎角和侧滑角是可行的。