非传统激光束激光选区熔化3D打印的研究现状及展望

将非传统激光束激光选区熔化(SLM)作为调研对象,介绍了非传统激光束整形原理及其SLM设备情况,以椭圆高斯光、平顶光、反高斯光和细光斑为分类,总结了不同激光形状类型在生产过程中对制品热历史、微观组织和缺陷的影响.对集成光束整形器件和非传统激光SLM打印研究后发现,椭圆形高斯光打印由于改变了光束椭圆度可使制品在不同部位具...     

射线计算机成像技术在发动机变壁厚产品检测中的试验研究

针对液体火箭发动机离心轮、涡轮静子等厚度变化大的复杂激光选区熔化成形（SLM）钢构件在常规X射线胶片照相检测（RT）时,由于胶片的宽容度低造成的检测覆盖率低,存在漏检质量隐患的问题,采用射线计算机成像技术（CR）对该类变截面厚度差在5～20 mm内的钢构件进行检测。结果表明,CR检测图像宽容度是胶片照相检测的3倍,检测覆盖率高;以离心轮线状缺陷CR检测为例,且通过CT和理化检测验证证明,CR检测具有与胶片照相检测基本一致的缺陷检测灵敏度、可靠性。     

Lightweight structure of a phase-change thermal controller based on lattice cells manufactured by SLM

Thermal controllers equipped with phase-change materials are widely used for maintaining the moderate temperatures of various electric devices used in spacecraft. Yet, the structures of amounts of thermal controllers add up to such a large value that restricts the employment of scientific devices due to the limit of rocket capacity. A lightweight structure of phase-change thermal controllers has been one of the main focuses of spacecraft design engineering. In this work, we design a lightweight phase-change thermal controller structure based on lattice cells. The structure is manufactured entirely with AlSi10 Mg by direct metal laser melting. The dimensions of the structure are 230 mm × 170 mm × 15 mm, and the mass is 190 g, which is 60% lighter than most traditional structures(500–600 g) with the same dimensions. The 3 D-printed structure can reduce the risk of leakage at soldering manufacture by a welding process. Whether the strength of the designed structure is sufficient is determined through mechanical analysis and experiments. Thermal test results show that the thermal capacity of the lattice-based thermal controller is increased by50% compared to that of traditional controllers with the same volume.     

An aerospace bracket designed by thermo-elastic topology optimization and manufactured by additive manufacturing

Combination of topology optimization and additive manufacturing technologies provides an effective approach for the development of light-weight and high-performance structures. A heavy-loaded aerospace bracket is designed by topology optimization and manufactured by additive manufacturing technology in this work. Considering both mechanical forces and temperature loads, a formulation of thermo-elastic topology optimization is firstly proposed and the sensitivity analysis is derived in detail. Then the procedure of numerical optimization design is presented and the final design is additively manufactured using Selective Laser Melting (SLM). The mass of the aerospace bracket is reduced by over 18%, benefiting from topology and size optimization, and the three constraints are satisfied as well in the final design. This work indicates that the integration of thermo-elastic topology optimization and additive manufacturing technologies can be a rather powerful tool kit for the design of structures under thermal-mechanical loading.     

SLM成形Inconel 718合金的组织性能调控研究

针对Inconel 718合金零部件传统制造技术中存在的制造极限问题,基于材料合金显微组织与力学性能之间的相关性等内容,开展激光选区熔化(SLM)成形Inconel 718合金性能的研究,建立了适用于SLM成形Inconel718合金的热处理制度,提高了该合金的室温与高温力学性能。考虑到SLM成形Inconel 718合金组织内部晶粒极其细小、内应力积累较大,传统的热处理制度不再适合新技术成形的零部件,根据基体中二次相的析出温度区间,对该合金的传统后热处理制度进行改进。力学性能测试结果证明:项目组提出的均匀化热处理+固溶处理+双时效的热处理制度能有效改善SLM成形Inconel 718合金的显微组织和综合力学性能,并满足锻件的使用要求。     

基于SLM的伺服系统多学科联合仿真与设计优化平台

针对航天伺服系统研制流程中存在的协同设计水平不高、设计流程不统一、数据与模型管理分散等问题,以仿真生命周期管理(SLM)商业通用框架为基础定制开发了伺服系统多学科联合仿真与设计优化平台。通过对设计流程分析、流程定制、数据传递、模型管理等方面的研究与开发,将仿真融入设计流程中,实现了航天伺服系统的多学科协同建模与仿真、数据与模型的统一管理等功能,提升了航天伺服系统协同设计水平。     

基于流程控制的飞机增升装置多体动力学分析

简要介绍了基于SLM基础平台开发的增升装置动力学分析子平台的仿真分析流程及数据管理方法,并在此基础上建立了基于增升装置动力学分析子平台的飞机增升装置多体动力学分析流程。最后以飞机后缘襟翼为例,对建立的飞机增升装置多体动力学分析流程进行了验证并将仿真结果和试验测得的数据进行了对比。结果表明,该分析流程能够有效地实现飞机增升装置的多体动力学分析及过程与结果数据的管理,并具有较高的可信度。     

激光选区熔化成形TC4钛合金的电子束焊接气孔缺陷控制研究

激光选区熔化(SLM)增材制造技术常用于格栅、腔体结构、燃烧室组件等航空、航天、兵器领域复杂小型零件的制造.为了适应大尺寸零部件的制造,较为理想的方案是采用分段增材成形+拼焊连接的方案,针对SLM成形TC4钛合金进行了电子束焊接工艺验证研究,分析了SLM成形材料焊接气孔缺陷及其产生原因,探讨了不同焊接工艺对气孔缺陷的改...     

Development of a new high-shear and low-pressure grinding wheel and its grinding characteristics for Inconel718 alloy

Nickel-based alloy has been widely used due to its outstanding mechanical properties.However, Nickel-based alloy is a typical difficult-to-machine material, which is a great constrain for its application in the manufacturing field. To improve the surface quality of the ground workpiece, a new high-shear and low-pressure grinding wheel, with high ratio of tangential grinding force to normal grinding force, was fabricated for the grinding of selective laser melting(SLM) manufactured Inconel718 all...     

扫描方式对激光选区熔化成形316不锈钢性能的影响

为了揭示激光选区熔化成形过程中熔池行为,以316不锈钢粉末为对象展开激光选区熔化试验,研究了激光选区熔化成形时不同的扫描方式对成形件内部缺陷、微观组织以及室温拉伸性能的影响.结果表明:将层片分区短线扫描成形可以有效地控制成形零件内部的气孔缺陷;与无分区长线扫描相比,采用分区短线扫描后零件内部组织呈现明显的柱状且晶粒尺寸较大.