在高燃速推进剂中粗颗粒铝粉的作用

本文用50μm铝粉作复合固体推进剂金属燃料,与大量超细氧化剂(AP)组成合理级配,改善了药浆流变特性,有利于提高燃速。50μm铝粉的推进剂药条的燃速及φ118发动机推进剂的燃速比相应的填加30μm铝粉的高2～3mm/s。讨论了50μm铝粉对推进剂工艺和燃速所起的作用。     

Study of the rheological properties of water and Martian soil simulant mixtures for engineering applications on the red planet

The rheological properties of mixtures of water and the Martian soil simulant JSC-Mars-1A are investigated by preparing and testing samples at various solids concentrations. The results indicate that the dispersion is viscoelastic and, at small timescales (～0.1?s), reacts to sudden strain as an elastic solid. At longer timescales the dispersion behaves like a Bingham fluid and exhibits a yield stress. Hysteresis loops show that rapid step-changes (2?s duration) of shear-rate result in thixotropic behaviour, but slower changes (>10?s duration) can result in rheopexy. These observations are explained with the breakdown and recovery of the packing structure under stress. The rheological information is used to generate practical tools, such as the system curve and the Moody chart that can be used for designing piping systems, and calculating pump sizes and pressure requirements.     

树脂η*和Tg对C/E预浸料黏性的表征

针对复合材料预浸料工艺性缺少可量化表征方法的现状,研究了4种C/E预浸料的黏性及其环氧树脂体系的物理特性。发现预浸料黏性可以通过环氧树脂体系动态复数黏度η*和T_g两个物理量表征,环氧树脂的η*=35 kPa·s附近,T_g=0℃附近预浸料黏性较为合适。     

关于复合固体推进剂批次间性能差异的研究(报告之二:药浆的粘度分析)

复合固体推进剂药浆是固体粒子含量很高的粘性流体。影响其粘度的除了粘结剂的度粘外,主要还有固体粒子的容积百分比和尺寸匹配。文中介绍了计算药浆粘度公式,还就粒子形状、尺寸、表面性质对有粒子悬浮的浆液粘性影响作简要回顾。文中还指出,由于药浆的固体粒子含量高,用不同测试方法测得的药浆粘度可能会差距甚大以及粒子容积含量的少量不均匀性可能会导致粘度值差很多。     

Morphometric,rheological and compositional analysis of an effusive lunar dome using high resolution remote sensing data sets: A case study from Marius hills region

Domes, an analog of the terrestrial shield volcanoes are one of the important volcanic features found on the lunar surface. Such volcanic features are windows to better understanding of the contrasting natures of lunar volcanism, giving an insight into the source and the nature of the basaltic magmas. Marius Hills Complex is one of the most important regions in the entire lunar surface for having a complex setting of volcanic constructs with an abundant number of volcanic features like domes, cones and rilles. As a part of initiation of the study of Marius Hills volcanism, an effusive dome located to the south of Rima Galilaei, near the contact of Imbrian and Eratosthenian geological units is taken for the present study. Inferring from the Terrain Mapping Camera-Digital Elevation Model (TMC-DEM), the morphometric parameters are estimated (350 m in height, 9.62 km in diameter), and accordingly the rheological parameters are also estimated. As the signatures of multiphase eruption are not clear geomorphologically and also in topography, the dome is assumed to evolved in monogenetic eruption. The causative dike parameters of the dome are estimated, which gives upper bounds of true values of the parameters. The estimated feeder dike length (150 km) and width (233 m) implies that the source region is lying most probably in the mantle portion of moon. The crater size frequency distribution (CSFD) is applied to determine the age of the particular dome and also the surrounding mare surface so as to better construct a stratigraphic correlation. It is found that dome belongs to oldest age unit of Marius Hills region while the surrounding units are relatively younger. Using Chandrayaan-I Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M³) data, the surface composition for the study area is also analysed. Thus, the morphometry, rheology, dike parameters, age determination and mineralogy are found to be in good agreement with results of the earlier studies. Such a study, covering all the domes and other volcanic features in Marius Hills using high resolution data sets will provide a clear and better understanding of the volcanic history of the region and the Oceanus Procellarum Basin as well. In such a study, the application potential of high resolution Chandrayaan-I TMC image and its DEM generated from the stereo data has been useful.     

固体推进剂药浆改进Herschel-Bukely模型及其在仿真分析中的应用

为研究固化反应对一种固体推进剂药浆流变参数的影响并建立相应的仿真模型,对药浆进行了大量流变学实验,对实验数据进行了分析。得到了该固体推进剂药浆各流变参数随时间的变化规律,并将其拟合成时间的函数。将时间变量引入Herschel-Bukely模型,建立新的本构模型。使用新模型,对药浆流平实验进行了数值计算。计算结果与实验结果吻合度较高,证明改进后的本构模型可以较好地表征药浆的流变特性。     

RTM工艺用酚醛树脂体系化学流变行为研究

建立树脂体系的流变模型可以预测体系RTM工艺窗口。采用黏度计等试验手段与双阿累尼乌斯经验模型理论分析相结合方法，研究不同恒温温度、不同溶剂含量的酚醛树脂黏度的变化规律，建立了酚醛树脂体系的化学流变模型，得到溶剂含量与模型参数之间的变化规律。研究结果可以对体系黏度进行预报，为RTM工艺的顺利实施以及工艺参数的准确制定奠定了基础。     

固体火箭发动机衬层涂覆工艺特性

衬层涂覆工艺是流体的一种成型加工过程,涂覆的工艺性能与衬层浆料的流变性密切相关。经对发动机涂覆过程的分析和研究,手工涂刷的工艺性能应包括易刷性、抗垂挂性和流平性,可分别用涂刷力、屈服值和流平时间表征。通过对一种具有很好涂刷性的实验衬层浆料的流变特性测定,研究了涂覆工艺性能与衬层浆料流变性的关系。结果表明实际涂刷工艺性能与理论分析十分吻合。从而探索了一条经流变分析来预估、判断和控制发动机衬层涂覆工艺性能的技术途径。     

PBT/N100黏合剂体系固化流变性能北大核心CSCD

为深入研究黏合剂3,3-双(叠氮甲基)氧丁环-四氢呋喃共聚醚(PBT)与固化剂多异氰酸酯N100的固化反应过程,使用流变仪研究了PBT/N100黏合剂体系固化过程中的模量变化和凝胶化之前的黏度变化。结果表明:PBT/N100黏合剂体系的等温固化过程遵循自催化动力学模型。根据模量随时间的变化,PBT/N100黏合剂体系的固化过程可分为反应控制阶段、凝胶化阶段和扩散控制阶段。其中,反应控制阶段的黏度变化符合双Arrhenius模型,计算得到该阶段的粘流活化能和反应活化能分别为36.271 kJ/mol和54.882 kJ/mol。通过Eyring模型,计算出PBT/N100黏合剂体系固化过程的热力学参数∆H和∆S,分别为52.07 kJ/mol和-125.55 J/(mol·K),由此基本确定,PBT/N100黏合剂体系比较理想的等温固化温度为60℃,固化时间约为160 h。     

苯乙炔基封端聚苯基喹恶啉的合成与性能研究

以4-苯乙炔基苯偶酰(PEBZ)作为封端剂,以芳香族四酮,9,9-双(4-苯偶酰氧基苯基)芴和芳香族四胺,3,3’,4,4 '-四氨基联苯(BPTA)作为单体,设计并合成了一系列苯乙炔基封端聚苯基喹恶啉(PEPPQ)树脂(PPQ-1～PPQ-4).设计分子量分别为2 500( PPQ-1)、5 000(PPQ-2)、10 000(PPQ -3)以及20 000(PPQ-4).流变分析表明,PPQ-1与PPQ -2具有良好的加工性能,350℃左右的最低黏度分别为21和568 Pa·s.通过热模压工艺制备了PPQ-1和PPQ -2固化样件,Tg分别为338和325℃.固化物具有优良的耐热稳定性,氮气中以10℃/min升温,5％失重温度均在550℃以上,750℃时的残重在60％以上.PPQ -2固化物表现出了良好的力学性能,拉伸与弯曲强度分别为88和155 MPa,断裂伸长率达到7.6％.