A comprehensive survey on the methods of angle of attack measurement and estimation in UAVs

Angle of Attack (AOA) is a crucial parameter which directly affects the aerodynamic forces of an aircraft. The measurement of AOA is required to ensure a safe flight within its designed flight envelop. This paper intends to summarise a comprehensive survey on the measurement techniques and estimation methods for AOA, specifically in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) applications. In the case of UAVs, weight constraint plays a major role as far as sensor suites are concerned. This results in selecting a suitable estimation method to extract AOA using the available data from the autopilot. The most feasible and widely employed AOA measurement technique is by using the Multi-Hole Probes (MHPs). The MHP measures the AOA regarding the pressure variations between the ports. Due to the importance of MHP in AOA measurement, the calibration methods for the MHP are also included in this paper. This paper discusses the AOA measurement using virtual AOA sensors, their importance and the operation.     

Effect of bristle pack position on the rotordynamic characteristics of brush-labyrinth seals at various operating conditions

Over the last few decades, the research on the effect of bristle pack position on the rotordynamic characteristics of the brush-labyrinth seals is not sufficient. To this end, two kinds of brush-labyrinth seals for the bristle pack element installed upstream of the labyrinth teeth named BSU and installed downstream of the labyrinth teeth called BSD were used to investigate the effect of bristle pack position on the rotordynamic characteristics of the brush-labyrinth seals. Using the numerical model combining the porous medium model and the whirling rotor method, the rotordynamic characteristics of the BSU and BSD at various operating conditions including four kinds of pressure ratios, five kinds of inlet preswirl speeds and four kinds of rotor spinning speeds were conducted. The obtained results show that the effects of operating conditions on rotordynamic coefficients for the different seal configurations are different. The direct stiffness, cross-coupled stiffness and direct damping of the BSU are lower than those of the BSD. The rotordynamic coefficients of the BSU are more insensitive to the operating conditions variation. From the perspective of the seal stability, the BSU is a better brush-labyrinth seal configuration at high pressure ratio, high positive preswirl or high rotor spinning speed conditions. While in the case of low pressure ratio, low positive preswirl or low rotor spinning speed conditions, the BSD is a better choice.     

利用热源温度场迭加法诊断持续点热源的强度及位置

可重复使用运载器的防热瓦故障会使航天器的局部结构产牛热源，并在结构中形成温度场。应用热源温度场迭加法的解函数，解得结构温度历程，然后据此温度的变化率趋势判断出热源位置，在此基础上依据多点测最值构造出辨识参数用于热强度识别，通过对一薄壁结构模型算例的计算仿真，证明了本文所提方法的有效性。论文工作为进一步开展热源诊断技术研究，提供了可资工程实践应用的数值算法体系以及有益的数值计算结论。     

钣金制件表面的相贯线求作方法

本文提出钣金制件表面相贯线求作的新方法。     

频率及频率变化率的快速最大似然估计

信号参数估计是许多领域 (如雷达、通信、导航和声钠等 )都会遇到的共同问题。文中证明 ,牛顿法是实现频率 (η)和频率变化 (β)最大似然估值器的快速有效算法 ,并且详细分析了牛顿估值器的性能。研究证明 ,对于牛顿法 ,(η,β)是以三次方律收敛于真值 (η,β)的。模拟结果表明 ,当输出信噪比 ( SNR) o≥ 15 d B时 ,估计量的均方误差 ( MSE)达到Cramer- Rao界     

安装和不安装垂直嵌板的鸭式飞机横向稳定性研究

研究了带有和不带有伸出的垂直嵌板的鸭式飞机(Velocity-173)的横向稳定性。众所周知，鸭式飞机(Velocity—173)具有良好的纵向稳定性．但其横向稳定性比较差。为了改善其横向稳定性．设计了两种复合材料夹层板．将其安装在垂直尾翼下面．并进行了一系列的飞行试验来研究安装伸出的垂直嵌板的效果。采用解析法和实时参数估计法从飞行试验数据中提取了横向可控能力／稳定性。本的工作验证了安装垂直嵌板对横向稳定性的效果。     

神经网络在未来超分辨雷达中的应用

最新的技术发展已为研制超分辨雷达创造了条件。它能够突破普通雷达基于匹配滤波原理的分辨能力,而实现超分辨。超分辨雷达的巨大计算量通常来自求解非线性最小二乘问题时的多维搜索。本文针对这一问题,研究了雷达信号处理中的两个典型例子:(1)利用阵列处理检测个数已知而方向未知的雷达目标;(2)对波音727飞机进行超分辨距离多普勒成像。说明Hop-field神经网络通过集体运算能够求解各种困难的最优化问题,因而在未来的超分辨雷达中有广阔的应用前景。     

伴飞卫星自主相对导航衰减记忆滤波算法

为实现伴飞卫星的自主相对导航,基于C-W方程提出了一种在伴飞卫星轨道系中建立简化的相对运动方程构成星上轨道递推、根据导航敏感器输出进行量测更新的导航滤波器,并利用衰减记忆滤波算法抑制系统模型误差对相对导航结果的影响。仿真结果表明,该滤波算法可实现伴飞星的自主相对导航。它不仅较C-W方程更简单,而且适于模型不准确时的相对导航,工程实现易。     

自由转子陀螺仪的伺服测试技术研究

自由转子陀螺仪是目前精度最高的一种陀螺仪,没有精密的力矩器,因此,只能采用双轴伺服法来辨识其漂移误差模型。介绍了双轴伺服测试法的基本原理,给出了双轴伺服转台的运动轨迹及重力矢量的变化规律。根据转台的运动特性,建立了自由转子陀螺仪的漂移误差模型,导出双轴伺服转台转角数据估计漂移误差模型系数的算法。从测试结果可以看出自由转子陀螺仪的长时间精度高,表明采用伺服测试法能够获得极高的测试精度,伺服转台可以作为测试自由转子陀螺仪精度的装置。     

加扰流环双组元LAE的流场数值仿真

采用交错网格系统SIMPLE算法和二维两相流场燃烧模型，对有不同形状(矩形、圆弧三角形及其混合结构)和位置扰流环的某双组元液体远地点发动机(LAE)流场进行了数值仿真计算。结果表明，扰流环对提高燃烧效率作用明显。环的位置应适中(不能过于靠近头部和喷管出口处)，其高度越大，燃烧效率越高。另外，矩形环的压力损失大于三角形环。