飞行控制技术面临的挑战与发展

总结了飞行器的发展趋势,明确了飞行控制领域的前沿问题与挑战,概括了飞行控制技术的基础问题和关键技术,分析了现阶段飞行控制技术研究进展,对未来飞行控制技术的发展提出了建议与思考。     

Reconfigurable fault-tolerant control for supersonic missiles with actuator failures under actuation redundancy

Aircraft undergoing actuator failures into under-actuation have been seldom studied in literature. Aiming at addressing actuator failures of Total Loss of Effectiveness (TLOE) as well as Partial Loss of Effectiveness (PLOE) resulting in different system actuations, reconfigurable Fault-Tolerant Control (FTC) is proposed for supersonic wingless missiles under actuation redundancy. The under-actuated system of TLOE failure patterns is solved by transformation to cascade systems through a ‘shape variable’. Meanwhile, actuator TLOE faults of different unknown failure patterns from proper actuation to under-actuation are accommodated by a reconfigurable adaptive law on a multiple-model basis. The backstepping technique with the Extended State Observer (ESO) method adopted as a basic strategy is applied to an established symmetric coupled missile system with actuator PLOE faults, modeling errors, and external disturbances. Additionally, the nonlinear saturation characteristics of actuators are settled by an auxiliary system with the Nussbaum function technique. The stability of the control system is analyzed and proven through Lyapunov theory. Numerical simulations are implemented in the presences of aerodynamic uncertainties, gust disturbance, and actuator failures. Results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method with satisfactory tracking performance and actuator fault tolerance capacity.     

一种新型微带帖片天线的频率可重构设计

提出了一种新型微带贴片天线的频率可重构设计。采用一种交叉形的贴片结构,在贴片的非对称缝隙中添加RFMEMS开关,通过调节开关的通断来实现对天线频率的重构。所设计的可重构天线在0．8GHz～3．0GHz频率范围内有较为均匀的频段分布,总的工作带宽达到了400MHz,还对天线在不同开关状态下的方向图形状进行了比较。最后讨论了用金属片替代的RFMEMS开关的理想模型和等效原件替代的非理想模型对仿真结果的影响。     

推力矢量导弹升降舵卡死故障的自修复控制

研究了气动力／推力矢量复合控制导弹发生故障后的直接自修复飞行控制系统设计问 题。结合舵面的功能冗余及推力发动机推力冗余对导弹的结构故障进行功能重构,在控制律 重构的过程中不需要知道确切的故障信息。自修复过程采用模型跟随的方法,在保持基本控 制律不变的前提下,利用实际模型和参考模型的状态误差构造自修复输入向量。得到的自修 复控制律适用于导弹的各种结构性故障（舵面卡死、缺损、浮松等）。以导弹发生左升降舵 卡死故障为例,严格证明了该自修复控制律对导弹升降舵卡死故障的修复能力,最后通过仿 真验证了该直接自修复控制律的有效性。
     

面向在轨服务的可重构细胞卫星关键技术与展望

为解决传统航天器设计模式所面临挑战,本文分析了当前航天器设计的技术现状和体系结构不能满足在轨服务要求等突出问题。以“凤凰重生”的设想为代表,提出了面向在轨装配任务的可重构细胞卫星技术,分析了细胞卫星的内涵和结构及接口设计理念。针对面向空间装配的在轨服务所面临的挑战,提出了可重构细胞星的关键技术,包括构型优化、信息融合、多细胞结构的控制和针对精细装配的空间遥操作等。最后针对我国的技术现状,提出了我国开展细胞卫星研究所需解决的问题和未来发展建议。     

模块化可重构无人机机翼结构优化方法研究

模块化可重构无人机设计工况复杂、约束多样,需要根据不同设计思想的特点研究适用的优化方法才能得到最优方案。本文开展针对多模型的同步优化方法研究,给出不同构型机翼翼根弯矩约束方法,提出多构型机翼结构前后梁弯矩比例约束下的同步优化技术,并以某模块化可重构无人机机翼为对象进行应用验证。结果表明：与文献中模块化机翼优化结果相比,本文多构型机翼结构同步优化方法在解决整机翼更换的模块化可重构机翼结构优化问题时具有很高的适用性和收敛性,以及广阔的工程推广价值。     

基于multi-agent系统的可重构制造单元多视图建模方法

以可重构制造单元为研究对象,以实现其适应生产需求的快速重构为目标,提出了一种建立在multi-agent基础之上的可重构制造单元模型.     

可重构的通用硬线逻辑电路算法验证平台的设计

介绍一种通用硬线逻辑算法验证平台的设计思路。在人机交互界面干预下,可通过高性能的PCI局部总线接口,从文件系统向算法验证平台系统分别传送构成待验证算法硬线逻辑的码流以及该算法运算所需的输入数据,并将该算法的运算结果向文件系统输出。利用这个平台,已验证基于小波变换和零树编码的先进的图像压缩/解压缩算法的硬线逻辑。本系统的框架也可用于验证其它用同类且规模类似的FPGA(CPLD)实现的硬线逻辑算法。因此,它是一个通用的算法验证平台框架     

一种用于频率可重构超宽带天线的改进的nABD测向算法

测向系统对于频带宽度、测角精度及测向范围等方面有着较高的要求。针对这一问题,对于接收天线的频率响应、阻抗带宽特性进行了可重构设计,以达到测向系统对宽频带的要求。同时,在所设计天线元方向特性的基础上,对传统的比幅测向算法nABD进行研究,给出相应的天线元加权系数调整方法,以获得较优的测角精度和测向范围。由仿真结果可知,所设计天线具有较好的工作频率范围与可重构阻带特性,所提测向算法可以获得较高的角度分辨率和较大的测向范围。     

Modularity,reconfigurability, and autonomy for the future in spacecraft: A review

The shape of a spacecraft is transitioning from monolithic, manual, and static to modular, autonomous, and dynamic. Modular Reconfigurable Spacecrafts (MRSs) offer better solutions than traditional monolithic spacecrafts in several aspects, and may become the next generation of spacecraft systems with efficient design, fast deployment, flexible application, and convenient management. This paper reviews the development and technology of MRS from three aspects: Modularity, reconfigurability, and autonomy. Despite the progress of research on MRS, there is still a lack of unified standards and little understanding of related concepts. Based on the understanding of basic concepts, the studies conducted on MRS are reviewed to identify technical requirements and solutions. Aiming at the future development trend of MRS, a novel modular self-reconfigurable spacecraft, referred to as MagicSat, is proposed. Furthermore, the MagicSat system composition, advantages, and application prospects are studied. The enabling technologies and major challenges of MRS are further analyzed in terms of modularization, integrated management, and self-reconfiguration technologies. Finally, the future development trend of MRS technology is predicted, and corresponding suggestions are provided.