改性双基推进剂催化特征燃烧现象的实验研究

采用П形微热偶、铜台熄火、扫描电镜、单幅火焰照相等技术, 研究了改性双基推进剂催化燃烧特征,用以催化剂为中心的气泡理论,解释了催化剂产生超速燃烧的机理。发现催化燃烧推进剂燃烧表面不均匀,高压下泡沫区比低压下细密而长,泡沫区的物质为未燃烧推进剂;更高压力下泡沫区的消失导致平台燃烧区的出现等现象。还提出了均质推进剂固相多反应机理, 并指出压力不同固相反应机理基本相同, 但固相放热程度不同     

Flow field characteristics,mixing and emissions performance of a lab-scale rich-quench-lean trapped-vortex combustor utilizing a quench orifice plate combined with a bluff-body

In this study, the low emission combustion technology of Rich-Quench-Lean (RQL) has been applied in Trapped-Vortex Combustor (TVC), and the combinative RQL-TVC shows a promising low emissions performance. By utilizing a quench orifice plate combined with a bluff-body, a lab-scale RQL-TVC was designed. The flow fields of RQL-TVC were measured by 2-D PIV and predicted by 3-D numerical simulation. Flow structures, radial profiles of normalized mean axial velocity, turbulence intensity and mixing level of the quench zone were analyzed. Results reveal that the dual-vortex and the single-vortex flow patterns both exist in cavities and quench zone of RQL-TVC, and the turbulence intensity is strong in the quench zone with some reverse flows. The spiral vortex was discussed by 3-D streamlines and the detail flow structures of the quench zone were analyzed based on the numerical results. The mixing level of the quench zone was determined, and results show that the quench device enhances the mixing level compared with TVC. Combustion efficiency and emissions performance were investigated experimentally, and results demonstrate that RQL-TVC has relatively higher combustion efficiency and lower emission index of CO, UHC and NO_x than the same size lab-scale TVC in present work.     

30Cr3钢壳体淬火状态下真空电子束焊接工艺

为解决淬火状态下30Cr3超高强度钢在真空电子束焊接时易产生冷裂纹、过热区脆化及热影响区软化等问题,在对材料性能分析的基础上,采取了提高真空度、提高加速电压、焊前预热、选择合适的焊接速度以及焊后回火处理等措施。结果表明,金相分析未发现缺陷,试样断口为塑性断裂,试片焊缝强度系数达0 96,产品爆破压力pb>27MPa。证明该方法可满足设计要求的焊接接头,为固体火箭发动机壳体的生产提供了新的工艺方法。