卫星编队飞行的无速度测量非线性鲁棒控制

本文基于带有界干扰的线性动力学模型，研究了卫星编队飞行中的相对位置控制问题。首先，在线性二次型最优控制的基础上，设计了一种非线性控制律，并使用李雅普诺夫稳定性理论证明了系统的稳定性。接着，通过对线性系统状态观测器进行改进，得到了一种非线性速度观测器，观测误差被证明是渐近收敛的。观测器与控制律的结合实现了无速度测量的控制，闭环系统被证明是渐近稳定的。文末的数值仿真验证了理论分析。     

Robust fault-tolerant control for wing flutter under actuator failure

Many control laws, such as optimal controller and classical controller, have seen their applications to suppressing the aeroelastic vibrations of the aeroelastic system. However, those control laws may not work effectively if the aeroelastic system involves actuator faults. In the current study for wing flutter of reentry vehicle, the effect of actuator faults on wing flutter system is rarely considered and few of the fault-tolerant control problems are taken into account. In this paper, we use the radial basis function neural network and the finite-time H_∞ adaptive fault-tolerant control technique to deal with the flutter problem of wings, which is affected by actuator faults, actuator saturation, parameter uncertainties and external disturbances. The theory of this article includes the modeling of wing flutter and fault-tolerant controller design. The stability of the finite-time adaptive fault-tolerant controller is theoretically proved. Simulation results indicate that the designed fault-tolerant flutter controller can effectively deal with the faults in the flutter system and can promptly suppress the wing flutter as well.     

基于综合观测器的执行器过程故障量精确诊断

执行器的非线性与输出不可得在一般复杂动力学系统中具有典型性,而其过程故障量的精确诊断是个前沿难点问题.针对该问题,研究一种面向控制系统和执行器的综合观测器方法.提出一种适用于带有非线性执行器复杂系统的新型自适应观测器方法,可克服输出量不可直接获得的条件限制,实现故障诊断并获得执行器真实输出估计;基于执行器输出估计与控制器输出量,采用扩张状态观测器实现过程故障量精确估计,从而为主动容错故障调节提供诊断依据.以卫星姿态控制系统飞轮摩擦力矩增大这一典型非线性执行器故障的过程故障量精确诊断为应用实例验证了本文方案的有效性及优越性.     

Reconfigurable fault-tolerant control for supersonic missiles with actuator failures under actuation redundancy

Aircraft undergoing actuator failures into under-actuation have been seldom studied in literature. Aiming at addressing actuator failures of Total Loss of Effectiveness (TLOE) as well as Partial Loss of Effectiveness (PLOE) resulting in different system actuations, reconfigurable Fault-Tolerant Control (FTC) is proposed for supersonic wingless missiles under actuation redundancy. The under-actuated system of TLOE failure patterns is solved by transformation to cascade systems through a ‘shape variable’. Meanwhile, actuator TLOE faults of different unknown failure patterns from proper actuation to under-actuation are accommodated by a reconfigurable adaptive law on a multiple-model basis. The backstepping technique with the Extended State Observer (ESO) method adopted as a basic strategy is applied to an established symmetric coupled missile system with actuator PLOE faults, modeling errors, and external disturbances. Additionally, the nonlinear saturation characteristics of actuators are settled by an auxiliary system with the Nussbaum function technique. The stability of the control system is analyzed and proven through Lyapunov theory. Numerical simulations are implemented in the presences of aerodynamic uncertainties, gust disturbance, and actuator failures. Results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method with satisfactory tracking performance and actuator fault tolerance capacity.     

基于LMI的不确定线性系统观测器设计

研究了不确定线性系统的观测器设计问题。利用凸优化理论将基于线性矩阵不等８式（ ＬＭＩ）的观测器设计转换为鲁棒控制器设计,给出了标准的ＬＭＩ形式。采用该方法的设计过程只需求解三个线性矩阵不等式就可得到鲁棒控制器。在航空发动机控制应用中表明,基于ＬＭＩ的观测器对于具有干扰的系统仍然能保持系统稳定,数值仿真表明控制效果优于文献「１」的结果。     

基于观测器的鲁棒稳定控制器设计的新方法

本文研究了线性时变不确定系统的鲁棒观测器问题，针对满足匹配条件的系统，给出一种基于现测器的鲁棒稳定控制器设计的新方法。该方法的特点是，在控制器设计阶段利用Ｒｉｃｃａｔｉ方程代替了Ｌｙａｐｕｎｏｖ方程，对于标称非Ｈｕｒｗｉｚｅ系统不需预先设计补偿器。与现有的一些方法相比，按本文方法设计的鲁棒控制器其算法简单且能容许较大的系统不确定性。文中给出的数值例说明了这种方法的有效性。     

故障诊断的神经网络观测器法

以神经网络的自学习代替故障诊断观测器法中的解析计算,提出了一种新的故障诊断方法,从而解决了具有模型不确定性系统的故障诊断问题。对某型航空发动机控制系统传感器故障进行了仿真研究,该方法不仅具有传统观测器法报警及时准确、易于实现容错控制的优点,又不需要获得系统精确的数学模型,对具有模型不确定性系统的故障诊断与容错很有效     

基于故障观测器的无人机直接自修复控制

提出一种基于故障观测器的无人机直接自修复控制。首先,根据系统本身存在的故障,设计了一个非线性故障观测器对其进行观测。其次,设计了一个快速终端滑模面和直接自修复控制器,将指数函数和符号函数引入到新型滑模面里。同时引入了自适应技术,对不确定的故障估计其上界。最后,通过对无人机进行了相应的仿真数值验证得出所提方法的有效性。     

空间TDICCD相机动态信噪比计算方法研究

信噪比是空间光学相机系统的主要设计指标之一,可用于表征相机的辐射性能。文章通过建立遥感卫星轨道模型,分析计算一年中任意时刻用太阳高度角和卫星观测角描述太阳、卫星、地面目标点之间的相对位置关系,并将计算得到的卫星观测角和太阳高度角等参数导入大气传输软件MODTRAN,输出在相机入瞳处的地面目标光谱辐亮度,再根据信噪比的计算方法,最后完成TDICCD相机动态的信噪比计算值。通过该方法,可以计算任一时刻任一观测目标的信噪比,这将有利于判断在某一时刻的能量是否满足观测要求,以随时改变TDICCD的探测器级数,使得成像像质达到最佳。