Unsteady wakes-secondary flow interactions in a high-lift low-pressure turbine cascade

Detailed experimental measurements were conducted to study the interactions between incoming wakes and endwall secondary flow in a high-lift Low-Pressure Turbine (LPT) cascade. All of the measurements were conducted in both the presence and absence of incoming wakes, and numerical analysis was performed to elucidate the flow mechanism. With increasing Reynolds number, the influence of the incoming wakes on suppressing the secondary flow gradually increased owing to the greater influence of incoming wakes on reducing the negative incidence angle at higher Reynolds numbers, leading to a lower blade loading near the leading edge and suppression of the Pressure Side (PS) leg of the horseshoe vortex. However, the effect of unsteady wakes on suppressing the profile losses gradually became weaker owing to the reduced size of the Suction Side (SS) separation bubble and increased mixing loss in the free-flow region at high Reynolds numbers. Incoming wakes clearly improved the aerodynamic performance of the low-pressure turbine cascade at low Reynolds numbers of 25,000 and 50,000. In contrast, at the high Reynolds number of 100,000, the profile loss at the midspan and mass-averaged total losses downstream of the cascade were higher in the presence of wakes than in the absence of wakes, and the unsteady wakes exerted a negative influence on the aerodynamic performance of the LPT cascade.     

EUROPEAN NETWORK FOR THE NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF SPACE PLASMAS

The Cluster mission of the European Space Agency (ESA) will allow, for the first time three-dimensional measurements in key regions of the Earth's magnetosphere to be carried out. The European Numerical Simulation Network (ENSN) aims at providing a theoretical support to the mission. We describe the achievements of the ENSN during its first period of activity 1991–1994, during which the network was funded by the European Union. In particular, the ENSN has set up (i) thematic Working Groups on the prime scientific goals of the mission, (ii) a code development Working Group to develop numerical simulation codes specifically adapted to studying magnetospheric boundaries and the corresponding scale mixing, and (iii) software models of Cluster instruments to test in a numerical simulation what the set of four instruments will measure.     

k-ε-g紊流燃烧模型数值研究

本文对k-ε-g紊流燃烧模型中模型系数C_R,C_(g1),C_(g2)的选定和计算浓度脉动均方值g的不同方法进行数值研究。计算结果表明模型系数值的选定直接与化学反应速率有关,而其中C_R影响最大。g的计算虽然可有不同方法,而其中微分方程求解最佳。并用实验数据来验证计算结果。     

培养学生英语口语交际能力的策略探讨

文章就大学生英语口语交际能力存在的问题进行了分析,探讨如何提高英语口语交际能力的策略。     

区域开发战略目标定量研究--兼论区域开发战略目标矛盾的协调

文章在回顾我国区域开发战略的基础上,结合我国区域经济发展现状,利用层次分析法建立了区域开发战略模型.通过定量研究,得出了我国区域经济发展必须以社会公平为主目标,同时兼顾效率和可持续发展目标.     

低地球轨道环境原子氧对航天器表面材料聚酰亚胺作用的数值模拟

在建立数学物理模型的基础上，对氏地球轨道环境和地面实验环境下，有无保护层的聚酰亚胺所受原子氧冲蚀作用进行了进行了成功的数值模拟，获得了具有工程应用价值的数值计算结果，并讨论了数学物理模型中各参数对基蚀曲线形状的影响。从数值模拟结果和美国太空实验结果的比较可以看出，本文数据模拟的结果是正确的。该项工作对航天器的设计具有重要指导意义。     

加扰流环双组元LAE的流场数值仿真

采用交错网格系统SIMPLE算法和二维两相流场燃烧模型，对有不同形状(矩形、圆弧三角形及其混合结构)和位置扰流环的某双组元液体远地点发动机(LAE)流场进行了数值仿真计算。结果表明，扰流环对提高燃烧效率作用明显。环的位置应适中(不能过于靠近头部和喷管出口处)，其高度越大，燃烧效率越高。另外，矩形环的压力损失大于三角形环。     

固体火箭发动机内流场研究的新动向

对固体火箭发动机内流场的研究作了总结性的回顾，并对近年业该研究领域的若干新动向作了介绍，即粒子沉积研究、基于非结构网格技术的内流场数值模拟、复杂内流场模拟试验、     

氨电弧喷射推力器实验和数值研究

为了证实氨电弧喷射推力器良好的工作性能，对其进行了系统的实验和数值研究。在实验研究中建立了高真空实验系统、先进的小推力测量系统和恒定电流控制系统，在数值研究中采用二阶精度无波动、无自由参数的耗散差分格式(NND格式)数值求解耦合电磁源项的扩展N-S方程组。通过实验获得了不同结构尺寸的推力器不同工作条件下的工作性能，通过数值模拟给出了推力器的流场结构，预计了其推力、比冲和推进效率。研究结果表明，氨电弧喷射推力器工作性能良好，能够担负一定的空间应用任务。     

轴对称降落伞稳定下降阶段的流场特性

文章根据降落伞的特点,通过3点假设(伞衣的薄膜假设、降落伞的轴对称假设和流场的定常 假设),将三维复杂流动问题,转化成二维轴对称问题,以节约计算时间。然后,建立轴对称降落伞的流体力 学计算模型,利用数值模拟手段,求解RNG(Renormalization Group)k-epsilon湍流模型下的N—S方程组,获 得与有关单位试验相吻合的计算结果。分析发现带顶孔的轴对称降落伞绕流和亚临界状态下带中心孔的 圆球绕流,在尾流区拓扑结构上几乎完全一致。结果表明建立的轴对称降落伞模型,能够揭示降落伞流场 的本质特性,为进一步研究降落伞流场的流动机理和流固耦合问题打下基础。