Fault mode probability factor based fault-tolerant control for dissimilar redundant actuation system

This paper presents a Fault Mode Probability Factor (FMPF) based Fault-Tolerant Control (FTC) strategy for multiple faults of Dissimilar Redundant Actuation System (DRAS) composed of Hydraulic Actuator (HA) and Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator (EHA). The long-term service and severe working conditions can result in multiple gradual faults which can ultimately degrade the system performance, resulting in the system model drift into the fault state characterized with parameter uncertainty. The paper proposes to address this problem by using the historical statistics of the multiple gradual faults and the proposed FMPF to amend the system model with parameter uncertainty. To balance the system model precision and computation time, a Moving Window (MW) method is used to determine the applied historical statistics. The FMPF based FTC strategy is developed for the amended system model where the system estimation and Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) are updated at the end of system sampling period. The simulations of DRAS system subjected to multiple faults have been performed and the results indicate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

万工显滑板移动直线度的检修

通过对影响万能工具显微镜滑板移动直线度的分析 ,提出有针对性的修理方法 ,并分别论述了产生线值偏差和角度偏差的主要原因。     

The development of a Russian communication satellite of small class, operating in the geostationary and high-elliptical orbits

In 1994-1995 Lavochkin Association (Russia) together with the other enterprises in accordance with technical requirements of the Russian Space agency, developed a new Russian communication satellite of a small class that will operate in both the geostationary (GSO) and high-elliptical (HEO) orbits. This satellite may be injected into operational orbits using a SOYUZ-2 launch vehicle (LV) and a FREGAT upper stage (US) from Plesetsk and Baykonur space launch sites (SLS).The main reason for creating such a satellite was to decrease the cost of the support and development of the Russian communication geostationary satellites group.Russian satellites Horizont, Express, Ekran and Gals, which operate in GSO, are the basis of the space segment for communications, radio and TV broadcasting. All of these satellites are injected into GSO by the PROTON LV. PROTON is a launch vehicle of a heavy class. The use of a middle class LV instead of a heavy class will allow to reduce considerably the launch cost. The change of a heavy class LV to a LV of middle class determined one economic reason for this project. Besides, the opportunity to launch S/C into GSO from Russian Plesetsk SLS increases the independence of Russia in the domain of space communications, despite the presence of the contract with Kazachstan about the rent of Baykonur SLS. Finally, use of small satellites with a rather small number of transponders is more effective than the use of big satellites. It will allow also to increase a satellite group (by the launch of additional satellites) precisely in accordance to the development of the ground segment.     

应答式目标旋转运动对雷达速度测量的影响

携带应答机的飞行目标,若除了沿其某一轨道运动外,还作自旋运动,应答机天线辐射相位空间分布的不均匀性会使应答机转发信号产生附加的相位调制,因而导致多卜勒测量雷达的测量误差。本文分析了对称安装三天线园柱形应答式目标回波的多卜勒频率调制。得出了附加多卜勒频率及其各阶导数的解析式。研究了目标旋转速度、方向角(目标旋转轴线与雷达视线的夹角)和回波谱线宽度的关系,以及对雷达多卜勒测量精度的影响,它对于研究自旋再入体测量问题具有实用价值。文章给出了一个典型的三天线园锥目标模拟旋转试验结果。试验中在不同目标转速下由相参雷达跟踪测量目标回波,同时记录中频信号、多卜勒跟踪回路鉴频器输出等有用信息。对试验数据的分析得出了明确的结论:目标旋转使回波信号的谱线展宽、测速误差增大,谱线宽度与目标转速成正比,同时谱线宽度随目标方向角增大而加宽,方向角为90°时旋转影响最大。理论分析得出了与试验相同的结果。虽然试验是在静态下进行的,但问题的分析对质心运动的目标也同样适用。     

机动再入飞行器自适应飞行控制系统设计

研究机动再入飞行器的制导控制问题。为了解决机动再入飞行器气动系数变化范围大、气动耦合严重和气动参数非线性过零常值大等恶劣条件下的控制，并且能充分利用飞行器可测量信息提高系统自适应能力，本文提出了状态方程参数辨识－－极点配置－－前馈补偿自适应控制的飞行控制系统的设计方法。通过对新型号再入飞行器的制导系统仿真，可以看出该控制系统使其有很好的飞行性能。     

机动再入飞行器的复合制导方案研究

对机动再入飞行器弧段的复合制导方案进行了研究，首先提出了通过高低空复合制导控制再入飞行器的终端速度和弹道倾角的思路；然后分别给出了高空最优制导律和大气厚再入最优制导律；最后对此复合制导方案进行了数字仿真。仿真结果表明此方案在理论上是可行的。     

再入制导和弹道跟踪误差分析

新一代可重复使用运载器对再入制导提出了更高地要求。目前的空间运输系统证明基于阻力加速度的制导方法是行之有效的。其基本概念是跟踪基准阻力加速度包线，在飞行过程中可根据需要更新这个包线。跟踪适当的阻力加速度包线保证了飞行器可以飞行准确的距离达到目标，同时满足弹道约束。在横向上，我们可采用类似于美国航天飞机的倾斜反转逻辑或航向角跟踪技术。本文推导出了基于反馈线性化的控制算法，并将其应用于可重复使用运载器纵向和横向的制导。最后，我们分析了阻力加速度跟踪的误差。     

合成孔径雷达与动目标检测

在合成孔径雷达（ＳＡＲ）中，雷达与目标之间相对运动的精确知识是相干处理回波形成高方位分辨率图像的基础。因此，在ＳＡＲ中，对未知运动目标的检测和成像成为一个重要而困难的研究课题。本文较详细地阐述了ＳＡＲ中进行动目标检测的若干方法，包括反射率频移法、多视图像位移法和多天线多通道处理技术。还论述了动目标的定位和速率的估值等问题。     

跨音速压气机动静叶排相干的三维非定常流动数值分析

采用时空二阶精度ＮＮＤ显式差分格式求解三维Ｅｕｌｅｒ方程，对跨音速压气机级中动静叶排相干形成的非定常流动进行了数值分析。除动静叶排流动的控制方程体系、数值方法外，着重讨论了动静叶排计算域、网格以及边界条件的处理。对某压气机第１级动静叶排相干的非定常流场的计算，给出了叶片表面的马赫数分布、压力波动幅值，以及叶片槽道中瞬态密度等值线等，并分析了结果的合理性。     

高空高速无人飞行器热控制系统设计

针对飞行时间短、速度和高度变化快、表面温度波动大的无人飞行器UAV(Unmanned Aerial Vehicles)热控制系统设计难题,提出了一种可解决实际工程问题的热分析计算方法.即把热天工况、冷天工况和标准天工况作为设计/试验工况;采用参考温度法、高超音速工程预测法或计算流体动力学CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics)数值模拟法,确定了飞行器表面温度分布,并把其作为后续热分析数学模型的外边界条件;分析结构热容量对瞬态热载荷的影响,建立与之相应的边值问题方程,并采用有限差分法求解;根据高空高速飞行特点及瞬态热载荷值,确定仪器设备舱调温系统方案.