Kilohertz quasi-periodic oscillations in SAX J1808.4–3658

I present a short overview of the behavior and properties of the two simultaneous kilohertz quasi-periodic oscillations (kHz QPOs) seen in the accreting millisecond X-ray pulsar SAX J1808.4–3658. I will focus on the behavior of the upper frequency QPO as a function of time and count rate as seen during the 2002 outburst of this source. I will also discuss briefly the correlated behavior of this QPO with QPOs at lower frequencies (several tens of hertz).     

Broad-band spectral properties of accreting X-ray binary pulsars

Broad-band spectra of accreting X-ray binary pulsars can be fitted by a phenomenological model composed of a power law with a high energy rollover above 10 keV, plus a blackbody component with a temperature of few hundred eV. While, at least qualitatively, the hard tail can be explained in terms of (inverse) Compton scattering, the origin of the soft component cannot find a unique explanation. Recently, a qualitative picture able to explain the overall broad-band spectrum of luminous X-ray pulsars was carried out by taking into account the effect of bulk Comptonization in the accretion column. After a review of these recent theoretical developments, I will present a case study of how different modeling of the continuum affect broad features, in particular the cyclotron resonance features in Vela X-1.     

Appearance of neutron stars in the state of subsonic propeller

The state of subsonic propeller is intermediate between the states of supersonic propeller and accretor in the evolutionary tracks of magnetized compact stars. The rotational rate of a star at this stage decelerates due to the interaction between its magnetosphere and the surrounding hot, quasi-static plasma envelope. The magnetospheric radius is smaller than the corotation radius and the boundary of the magnetosphere is stable with respect to interchange instabilities. The rate of the mass flux from the inner radius of the envelope to the stellar surface is limited by the rate of plasma diffusion into the magnetic field of the star. As a result, the subsonic propeller would appear as a low-luminosity accretion-powered pulsar with a soft X-ray spectrum.     

新型高推比涡轮风扇发动机盘时耦合振动分析

本文将群论算法和动态子结构技术结合起来，并采用计算效率极高的Ｂｅｎｆｉｅｌｄ－Ｈｒｕｄａ的模态代入变换法，分析了某型发动机压气机的叶片／轮盘耦合系统的振动特性，计算了该叶片／轮盘耦合系统的前５阶振动频率和振型．根据叶片／轮盘耦合系统的共振条件进行共振分析，确定该发动机压气机有可能发生叶片／轮盘耦合共振．     

同向旋转盘间换热特性的实验研究

本文将实际发动机高、低压涡轮盘简化成几何形状相对简单的中心轴向进气、径向出气、两盘以不同速度同向旋转的旋转盘系统。用实验方法研究了冷气流量、转速以及两盘间隙对旋转盘间换热的影响规律,并对结果进行了相应的分析。     

Spectra and time variability of black-hole binaries in the low/hard state

We propose a jet model for the low/hard state of galactic black-hole X-ray sources which explains the energy spectra from radio to X-rays and a number of timing properties in the X-ray domain such as the time lag spectra, the hardening of the power density spectra and the narrowing of the autocorrelation function with increasing photon energy. The model assumes that (i) there is a magnetic field along the axis of the jet, (ii) the electron density in the jet drops inversely proportional to distance, (iii) the jet is “hotter” near its center than at its periphery, and (iv) the electrons in the jet follow a power-law distribution function. We have performed Monte Carlo simulations of Compton upscattering of soft photons from the accretion disk and have found power-law high-energy spectra with photon-number index in the range 1.5–2 and cutoff at a few hundred keV, power-law time lags versus Fourier frequency with index 0.8, and an increase of the rms amplitude of variability and a narrowing of the autocorrelation function with increasing photon energy as they have been observed in Cygnus X-1. The spectrum at long wavelengths (radio, infrared, optical) is modeled to come from synchrotron radiation of the energetic electrons in the jet. We find flat to inverted radio spectra that extend from the radio up to about the optical band. For magnetic field strengths of the order 10⁵–10⁶ G at the base of the jet, the calculated spectra agree well in slope and flux with the observations.     

“蚌式”进气道附面层扫除特性风洞试验

以某低、高速风洞为平台,设计搭建了“蚌式”进气道附面层扫除特性测量试验系统,进行了不同流量系数和来流马赫数下进气道鼓包表面附面层扫除特性的风洞试验,通过对试验数据的整理、计算和对比分析同型号的飞行试验结果,研究了“蚌式”进气道鼓包表面附面层扫除特性。研究结果表明:在相同的来流马赫数下,随着流量系数的增大,鼓包表面附面层的扫除能力逐渐减弱;在亚声速工况的绝大多数流量范围内,鼓包表面压力系数沿鼓包中心线对称分布、压力梯度变化明显,且在不同截面沿主流方向具有增大的特征,鼓包构型对附面层扫除效果较强;超声速工况下具有明显附面层扫除能力的流量范围明显小于亚声速工况,进气道唇口形成的弓形激波是影响鼓包表面不同位置压力梯度变化的主要因素,进而决定着附面层扫除特性。在接近来流马赫数18及以上飞行工况下,附面层的扫除能力减弱,附面层分离加强,进而会造成较大的进气压力损失和畸变。     

室火轰燃的大涡模拟

采用一套修正的适用于低马赫数浮力流的N-S方程组来描述火灾场,运用Smagorinsky亚格子模型的大涡模拟方法对室内池火的轰燃发展过程进行了数值模拟,把模拟与实验结果进行了对比和分析。结果表明,该方法能较好地预测轰燃。同时模拟结果显示火焰区向房间后部偏转稍大,近壁处温度预测的误差大一些,随着亚格子模型的不断完善和计算能力的提高,用该技术来预测轰燃现象会更加准确。     

超声速变马赫数风洞流场参数线性变化验证

旋转喷管型面使超声速变马赫数风洞在单次运行过程中可连续调节实验区的马赫数,便于研究飞行器的机动过程、进气道起动过程中的气动问题。在控制喷管型面旋转过程中,流场参数能否线性变化是衡量超声速变马赫数风洞性能的一个重要指标。分析变马赫数风洞实验区流场参数的线性变化规律,利用弹簧光顺的动网格技术建立数值仿真模型,验证喷管位于马赫数3.041~3.215 范围所对应的位置时,实验区流场参数是否满足线性变化规律。结果表明：通过对喷管型面旋转的控制实现了风洞实验区流场参数的线性变化,动态计算结果与预期实验区流场参数线性变化规律吻合良好;在不同加速度的流场参数线性变化过程中,各时刻实验区的平均参数与预期参数之间的偏差均小于0.13%。     

超临界航空煤油喷射到大气环境的喷射特性

用纹影系统对超临界RP-3航空煤油喷射到大气环境中的喷射特性进行了试验研究.在纹影照片中可以看出喷嘴出口下游产生了桶形激波、马赫盘和斜激波,射流近场结构与高度欠膨胀空气射流非常相似.测试结果表明马赫盘的位置随着对比压力的增大而增大,对比温度对马赫盘位置的影响不大;马赫盘的直径随着对比温度的升高而减小,随着对比压力的增大而增大;射流的喷射长度随着对比压力的增大而增大,随着对比温度的升高而减小.