MGH956合金钎焊接头力学性能分析

以MGH956合金钎焊接头高温抗拉强度为考察对象进行了正交试验设计。结果表明,考察的3个因素对接头性能影响的主次顺序为:钎料成分﹥保温方式﹥焊缝间隙;对应较优工艺参数为:钎料为KCo3,保温方式为:1240℃/10min加1000℃/30min;焊缝间隙为0.02mm。在所进行试验中,1000℃拉伸试验结果最好的焊缝强度接近了母材水平。     

KNi10真空钎焊ODS高温合金MGH956组织和性能研究

针对新型ODS高温合金MGH956开展钎焊工艺研究,采用自制钎料KNi10对该材料进行了系统的工艺研究。在焊缝间隙20μm、1240℃/10min的工艺参数下,实现了接头1000℃高温拉伸强度达到母材的90%左右。     

不同热控涂层的飞艇散热器Fluent仿真分析

为了分析不同热控涂层的性能,采用Fluent模拟了临近空间飞艇上小型散热器在20 km高空的热平衡状态。散热器分别使用S781白漆、S956灰漆及La_1-xSr_xMnO₃化合物热致变材料作为热控涂层,使用UDF（User defined function）编码对热控涂层设置随涂层温度变化的发射率。经过模拟计算,得到了在太阳垂直照射与无太阳辐射两种极端情况下不同热控涂层散热器的温度分布。仿真结果得出在太阳垂直照射下,使用La_1-xSr_xMnO₃化合物作为热控材料散热器的锂电池温度处于最佳工作温度范围,但其在太阳垂直照射与无太阳辐射情况下电源的平均温度温差为8.89 K,略大于S781白漆的温差6.57 K。模拟中,La_1-xSr_xMnO₃热致变材料发射率变化较小,约为0.11,垂直照射时温度最高的散热区域发射率可达到0.8,无太阳辐射时温度最低的散热区域约为0.69。     

氧化物弥散强化MGH956合金冷轧板材的再结晶

对氧化物弥散强化MGH956冷轧板材再结晶退火后可形成较为均匀细小和极其粗大两种完全不同晶粒组织状态的再结晶行为进行了研究。采用光学显微镜对冷轧板材在700~1350℃,1~120min等温退火后的组织检验结果显示:这两种晶粒组织状态的再结晶在起始和完成温度、起始形核位置、及长大速率等方面均存在显著差异,表明MGH956冷轧板材的再结晶并非仅以一种,至少可以两种不同的机制形成,并且,这两种机制还可共同发生在同一板材,导致MGH956板材再结晶组织形貌呈多样性,晶粒尺寸出现极为明显的差异。     

Hardware qualification for scientific ballooning missions

The European Stratospheric Balloon Observatory (ESBO) initiative aims at simplifying the access to stratospheric balloon missions. We plan to provide platforms and support with instrument design in order to support scientists. During the design process, the inevitable question of qualification for the harsh flight conditions arises. Unfortunately, there is no existing standard for qualification of stratospheric ballooning hardware. Thus, we developed a qualification procedure for use within ESBO and similar projects.In this paper, we present our analysis of the environmental conditions in the stratosphere. While conditions at typical balloon float altitudes are similar to the space environment, there are also some relevant differences. For example, the thermal environment is dominated by radiation and thermal conduction, but the remaining atmosphere still supports a certain amount of convection. The remaining atmospheric pressure in the stratosphere also leads to reduced arcing distances. Vibrational loads are far less than for space missions, but quasi-static or shock loads may occur. The criticality of radiation increases with mission duration.Based on the environmental conditions, we present the qualification procedures for ESBO, which are based on the European Cooperation for Space Standardization (ECSS) standards for space systems. Overtesting against too high requirements leads to overengineering, driving mission cost and mitigating the advantages of balloons over space missions. Therefore, we modified the ECSS standards to fit typical scientific ballooning missions over several days at altitudes up to 40 km. Furthermore, we analyzed design rules for space systems with regard to their relevance for scientific ballooning, including material and component selection. We present the experience from the hardware qualification process for the ESBO prototype STUDIO (Stratospheric UV Demonstrator of an Imaging Observatory). Even though boundary conditions are different for each individual mission, we aimed for a broader approach: We investigated more general requirements for scientific ballooning missions to support future flights.