Spatial variation of the supersonic thermal plasma flow downstream of the termination shock

In this paper we start from the most recently observed fact that the solar wind plasma after passage over the termination shock is still supersonic with a Mach number of about 2. To explain this unexpected phenomenon and to predict the evolution of properties of the downstream plasma flow we here consider a two-fluid proton plasma with pick-up protons as a separate suprathermal, second proton fluid. We then formulate a self-consistent system of hydrodynamical conservation equations coupling the two fluids by dynamical and thermodynamical coupling terms and taking into account the effects of newly incorporated protons due to charge exchange with the H-atoms in the heliosheath. This then allows us to predict that in the most probable case the solar wind protons will become subsonic over a distance of about 30 AU downstream of the shock. As we can also show, it may, however, happen that the plasma mixture later again reconverts to a supersonic signature and has to undergo a second shock before meeting the heliopause.     

带摆镜的制冷型中波红外像方扫描光学系统设计

基本形式的像方扫描光学系统依然需要复杂的二维回转机构带动成像镜组做二维扫描,所以二维回转机构需要承担较大载荷。分析了基本形式的像方扫描光学系统形式,并在基本形式基础上加入摆镜,只通过二维摆镜的旋转达到扫描像面的目的,大大减小二维回转机构载荷,提高扫描速度,简化了系统结构,减小了系统体积。加入摆镜后的光学系统除具有基本形式像方扫描光学系统的性质外,还有了新的限制条件,对带摆镜的像方扫描光学系统进行了分析,提出了设计条件及设计方法,并设计出具有较大视场的像方扫描光学系统。     

液体火箭发动机中频耦合振荡初步研究

为了研究常规液体火箭发动机研制中出现的中频流量型耦合振荡问题,对发动机耦合系统中各环节建立了满足声学分析的线性化频域模型.通过比较供应系统和燃烧室的幅频响应,并分析耦合系统的自由振荡复频率,以判断发动机的耦合稳定性.计算结果符合发动机试车规律,能够有效地反映该类型不稳定的特征.进一步讨论了燃烧时滞、喷注压降、管路长度和安装节流圈对系统耦合不稳定的影响规律,并揭示了该类型不稳定的机理.     

壁面粗糙度对微通道流动影响的数值模拟研究

采用多孔介质模拟粗糙元,对不同雷诺数及截面尺寸下方形直管微通道的流动进行数值模拟研究,分析了不同粗糙表面的微通道内流流场的分布及变化规律,并将数值模拟结果与实验进行了比较,发现两者最大相对误差不超过16%,表明采用多孔介质模拟粗糙元,使用数值模拟方法研究微通道内的流动是可行的。     

Ⅱ类甲醇脉泽的红外抽运研究

本文研究了Ⅱ类甲醇脉泽与周围红外源的关系,发现它们有很强的相关性。分析认为红外源很可能是Ⅱ类甲醇脉泽的抽运源。      

日球层内外能量中性原子的探测

能量中性原子(Energetic Neutral Atoms, ENA, 简称能原子)是指在日球层内外空间, 拥有>0.1keV动能的原子.在此空间领域并没有温度>106K的中性气体, 但却充满动能>0.1keV的正离子.因此能原子A应该是A+离子与原地稀薄气体B原子或分子交换电荷所产生的, 即A++B→A+B+. 电荷交换涉及极小的动能变化, 新生的能原子A和离子B+基本上各自保持原有动能. 离子B+随即被当地磁场俘获, 能原子A则脱离磁场约束并携带其原属离子群的成分和能量信息而直线运动, 成为遥测空间等离子体的有效媒介. 美国人造卫星 IBEX (Interstellar Boundary Explorer) 直接探测得到来自日球层以外星际空间的能原子, 大幅延伸了利用能原子遥测空间等离子体的领域. 本文据此论述了空间能原子的发现, 综述了探测空间能原子的基本概念与实例、取得的主要成果、仪器设计和研制进展以及未来空间利用能原子遥测的发展趋势.      

Search for high-proper motion objects with infrared excess

The possibility of interstellar migration has been theorized during the past thirty years in the form of “Dysonships” that, using non-relativistic propulsion systems, are able to colonize the Galaxy in a relatively short time compared to the age of the Galaxy and consequently penetrate inside our solar system too. Observational evidence of this can be potentially obtained using the present state of the art of telescopes and related sensors, by following aimed searches and an expanded SETI protocol. Some transient and unrepeated radio signals recorded during standard SETI observations might be due to the transit of high-proper motion artificial sources of extraterrestrial origin, which are expected to show a very weak optical emission, a strong infrared excess and occasional high-energy bursts in the X and Gamma-ray wavelength ranges. Such artificial sources might show an interest to Earth by sending probes to visit it: such a possibility can be investigated scientifically as well.     

FY-3气象卫星中分辨率光谱成像仪结构仿真分析

用ANSYS软件仿真分析了风云三号（FY-3）气象卫星中分辨率光谱成像仪的结构。根据建立的成像仪有限元模型,进行了静力学、模态和谱分析,给出了X、Y、Z向加速度载荷下消旋机构的应力和变形、1-20阶模态频率,以及各向正弦振动谱作用下各部件的应力和变形。结果表明：有限元法与实验数据基本吻合,可用于成像仪设计的优化。     

Interstellar planetary protection

In the coming decades the detection of Earth-like extrasolar planets, either apparently lifeless or exhibiting spectral signatures of life, will encourage design studies for craft to visit them. These missions will require the elaboration of an interstellar planetary protection protocol. Given a specific dose required to sterilize microorganisms on a spacecraft, a critical mean velocity can be determined below which a craft becomes self-sterilizing. This velocity is calculated to be below velocities previously projected for interstellar missions, suggesting that an active sterilization protocol prior to launch might be required. Given uncertainties in the surface conditions of a destination extrasolar planet, particularly at microscopic scales, the potential for unknown biochemistries and biologies elsewhere, or the possible inoculation of a lifeless planet that is habitable, then both lander and orbiter interstellar missions should be completely free of all viable organisms, necessitating a planetary protection approach applied to orbiters and landers bound for star systems with unknown local conditions for habitability. I discuss the case of existing craft on interstellar trajectories – Pioneer 10, 11 and Voyager 1 and 2.     

一种双基站低轨道区域覆盖δ星座设计

在双基站理论研究基础上 ,进行了定倾角区域性覆盖双基站δ星座设计 ,采用倾角为 41°的回归轨道 ,用点覆盖数值仿真的方法设计了对地面站与空间站的一重覆盖与二重覆盖下的星座构型。且星座中各星之间 ,各星与空间站之间均可建立星际链路 ,保证数据在空间站、地面站及星座之间连续传递