Aircraft nonlinear stability analysis and multidimensional stability region estimation under icing conditions

Icing is one of the crucial factors that could pose great threat to flight safety,and thus research on stability and stability region of aircraft safety under icing conditions is significant for control and flight.Nonlinear dynamical equations and models of aerodynamic coefficients of an air craft are set up in this paper to study the stability and stability region of the aircraft under an icing condition.Firstly,the equilibrium points of the iced aircraft system are calculated and analyzed based on the theory of differential equation stability.Secondly,according to the correlation theory about equilibrium points and the stability region,this paper estimates the multidimensional stability region of the aircraft,based on which the stability regions before and after icing are compared.Finally,the results are confirmed by the time history analysis.The results can give a reference for stability analysis and envelope protection of the nonlinear system of an iced aircraft.     

航空器遭遇严重积冰天气分析

利用常规天气资料、NCEP/NCAR的1°×1°再分析资料对2012年3月19日发生在北疆沿天山地区强降水过程造成航空器严重积冰的天气进行了分析。结果表明:(1)500 h Pa西南急流和400 h Pa以上偏西急流的存在,配合中低空冷空气的补充,为积冰天气的形成提供了适宜的条件。(2)乌鲁木齐上空高湿层随时间逐渐下降,对应的温度、温度露点差向适宜积冰的区域变化,为强积冰天气提供了有利的温湿条件。(3)强积冰区存在一个弱的、持续性的垂直上升运动,垂直运动导致液态水聚集带形成,弱上升运动区对应发生强积冰合适的温湿高度层。(4)19日14时~20日02时,石河子到乌鲁木齐区域积冰指数是一个迅速增大的过程,强积冰区由石河子经呼图壁向乌鲁木齐蔓延,积冰高度随时间下降。     

民用飞机翼面冰形的工程修正

翼面结冰是威胁飞行安全的重要因素之一。以数值模拟结冰为基础,进行了翼型结冰的工程修正方面的研究。运用结冰分析软件Sadrice,对不同状态下的不同翼型进行表面冰形数值模拟。结合结冰风洞试验结果,对影响冰形的参数进行了变参研究,得到了最有效的修正方法。对现有对流换热系数经验公式进行线性修正,使修正对流换热系数经验公式后的预测冰形和冰风洞试验结果之间能够较好地吻合,最终总结出了一套工程修正数值模拟冰形的方法。     

某全机模型的水滴撞击特性分析

飞机结冰会对其飞行造成巨大隐患。应用Fensap软件,使用CFD计算方法,采用Spalart-Allmaras湍流模型对德国宇航中心(DLR)某型飞机的三维模型进行气动及水滴撞击特性分析。通过控制变量的方法,确定环境参量对水滴撞击特性的影响。结果表明:飞机速度增大,局部水收集系数减小;水滴直径减小,局部水收集效率也减小。     

民机防冰系统自然结冰试飞技术研究

结合某型民机自然结冰条件下防冰系统的试飞,对试飞所需的测试改装工作进行了总结,并对试飞前需进行的各种安全性评估进行了总结说明,明确了试飞中需考虑的各种构型情况,提出一套循序渐进的自然结冰试飞方法。同时提出了试飞中结冰气象参数的可接受性判据,最后针对自然结冰试飞中结冰气象参数的处理提出了分段等效处理的方法。     

Quantitative assessment and visualization of flight risk induced by coupled multi-factor under icing conditions

Aircraft icing has been proven to be one of the most serious threats to flight safety. During the analysis of flight risk under icing conditions, quantitative assessment and visualization of flight risk are quite essential as they provide safe manipulation strategies in intricate conditions.However, they are rarely studied. Since the icing flight accidents are the result of the coupling of multiple unfavorable factors, in present study, we have proposed a method to quantitatively assess flight r...     

民用飞机燃油系统结冰适航验证方法研究

燃油系统结冰问题是目前民用飞机适航取证中的难点。对水在燃油中的存在形式和相互转换关系进行了研究,分析了燃油中水结冰的危害,并对民用飞机燃油系统结冰适航取证的各种符合性验证方法进行说明和对比分析,为某型号民用飞机燃油系统适航取证提供支持。     

Flight safety oriented ice shape modulation using distributed plasma actuator units

Ice accretion on the wings seriously threatens the flight safety of an aircraft. From the perspectives of ensuring flight safety and saving power consumption, the ice shape modulation method using distributed plasma is proposed. Distributed plasma actuator units are designed to modulate the spanwise continuous ice at the leading edge into periodically segmented ice pieces, forming a wavy leading edge. Both airfoil and scaled aircraft model, with continuous and modulated ice, are experimentally investigated and simulated. Compared with the continuous ice, ice shape modulation can significantly improve the aerodynamic performance, flight control characteristics and flight safety. This method can save about half electric power, which is very beneficial for application.     

过冷大水滴规章对结冰探测系统设计的影响分析

过冷大水滴规章提高了飞机在结冰条件下飞行的安全等级,将会对结冰探测系统的设计产生一定影响。本文概述了附录0过冷大水滴结冰条件,并对附录O第1部分大气结冰条件进行了浅析;分析了FAR25．1420过冷大水滴结冰条件对结冰探测系统设计的影响,并提出符合相关要求的结冰探测方式;指出了对于目前申请在结冰条件下飞行的合格审定的最大起飞重量小于60000磅或具有可逆飞行控制系统的飞机,按照FAR25．1420（a）（1）的要求进行审定是一个较为合适的选择。此外,还给出了一种符合FAR25．1420要求的结冰探测系统方案。     

Conceptual design and preliminary experiment of icing risk management and protection system

Icing is one of the main external environmental factors that causes aircraft to lose control. The flight safety assurance system under icing condition is particularly important. However,most of the systems do not consider the coupling characteristics of aerodynamics and flight dynamics of icing aircraft. This will affect the accuracy of the calculation results. Besides, the icing risk management system helps the pilot to realize the possible dangers in advance and perform correct maneuvers, base...