中板加热炉高效燃烧控制系统

介绍了控制系统在热值比较稳定的前提下,依靠控制加热炉排气中的残氧量以降低空燃比,达到降低排气热损失的目的,实现了加热炉节能降耗.     

Jets and brightenings generated by energy deposition in the middle and upper solar chromosphere

Numerical simulations of energy depositions in the middle and upper solar chromosphere result in ejection of chromospheric material into the corona and heating of the chromospheric gas. These simulations may be capable of describing some of the features seen by the soft X-ray telescope on board theYohkoh satellite.     

高空台间接加热试验

用同一种发动机在不同模拟状态下，采用技改措施及加热器的火焰筒不同个数进行了试验，获得了模拟温度、气源压力与时间的关系。设备的总压系数为0．67；加热系统的总效率为0．41－0．55。与另一高空台使用同一间接加热系统的总效率（约为0．62）相比有所不同。分析了原因，并指出了解决问题的途径。上述试验方法及试验结果可供类拟发动机试验参考使用。     

加温超载处理对提高30CrMnSiA钢构件裂纹扩展寿命的作用

对带裂纹的３０ＣｒＭｎＳｉＡ钢紧头等拉伸试件进行同时加温超载处理，经卸载冷却后，在裂纹端区产生残余压应力塑性场。这一处理方法起到延缓裂纹扩展、抑制起裂的效果。     

Theory of fragmented energy release in the Sun

The magnetic energy released inside an active region is closely related to its formation and evolution. Following the evolution of a collection of flux tubes inside the convection zone and above the photosphere we can show that many nonlinear structures (current sheets, shock waves, double layers etc.) are formed. We propose in this review that coronal heating, flares and particle acceleration are due to the interaction of the plasma with these nonlinear structures. Approaching active regions as a driven complex dynamical system we can show that several coherent ensembles of the nonlinear structures will appear spontaneously. The statistical analysis of these structures is a major problem in solar physics. We can also show that many observed large scale structures are the result of the convolution of non-observable fragmentation in the energy release process.     

Preparation of CF/Ni-Fe/CNT/silicone layered rubber for aircraft sealing and electromagnetic interference shielding applications

To meet the needs of preventing information leakage in space engineering and military industry, an efficient method was introduced to obtain layered electromagnetic shielding sealing rubber. The carbon fiber, Ni-Fe coating, and Carbon NanoTube (CNT) were combined by chemical plating and in-situ polymerization to obtain a lightweight (0.14 g/cm²) and thin (1 mm thick) Carbon fiber Fabric (CF)/Ni-Fe/CNT/silicone layered electromagnetic shielding composites. The layered material obtained by adjusting the electroless plating time exhibited a high Shielding Efficiency (SE) of 60.2–85.5 dB in the range of 0–4800 MHz, which can be used for aviation electromagnetic shielding. Carbon fibers and carbon nanotubes mainly attenuated electromagnetic waves through absorption loss, while the nickel-iron alloy coating through reflection loss interacted with the magnetic vector of incident ElectroMagnetic (EM) radiation and magnetic dipoles, therefore, the EM Interference (EMI) shielding composite attenuated EM waves with the “absorption-reflection-absorption” cooperative interaction. Moreover, the flexible fabric substrate adhered with silicone rubber possessed a breaking elongation of 52.3%, which can be utilized as a good sealing material. Simultaneously, the outstanding exothermicity (67.2 °C under the applied voltage of 5 V) makes it possible to be applied in electric heating area. The electromagnetic shielding composites prepared in this paper have good potential in the fields of precision electronic equipment and aviation systems.     

多机并联火箭羽流流场及其底部热环境分析

针对某多机并联火箭羽流流场结构复杂、底部热环境极为恶劣,有可能导致发动机结构部件失效的问题,通过数值仿真对其飞行过程不同高度下的羽流流场及热环境进行研究,并与热环境实测结果进行了对比分析。计算结果表明:火箭低空飞行时,各发动机羽流互不干扰,随着飞行高度不断增加,羽流逐渐扩张并开始相互干扰,最后在箭体底部出现明显回流,最大热流在起飞时刻,与飞行实测值基本一致。出现回流之前,箭体底部主要受辐射热影响,随着回流出现,对流热流随之增大,但也远小于起飞时刻的热流峰值。计算得到的多机并联火箭羽流流场及其热环境分布对发动机舱外结构热防护优化设计具有一定的指导意义。     

柔性热防护系统及相关热考核试验

柔性热防护系统为高超声速充气气动减速器的防热需求而发展,主要为大质量地球再入及未来火星的进入、下降和着陆系统的防热而研发。本文介绍了美国针对高超声速充气气动减速器已经进行和正在策划的飞行试验情况以及火星进入、下降和着陆系统对柔性热防护系统的使用热环境需求。对柔性热防护系统的基本组成进行了介绍,详细描述柔性热防护系统的相关热考核试验。     

玻璃纤维增强酚醛基复合材料平均线胀系数测试影响因素

研究了保温时间、升温速率、预处理温度等对玻璃纤维增强酚醛基复合材料线胀系数测试的影响。结果表明,玻璃纤维增强酚醛基复合材料在加热条件下进一步固化,造成样品收缩与样品受热膨胀相抵消,升温曲线出现平台。因此,测试前应对样品进行预处理,处理温度高于试样最终的测试温度,低于样品固化温度,以免材料内部结构发生变化;设置合适的升温速率,升温速率低,增加了时间成本,升温速率太高,测温热电偶引入的误差增加,且不均匀的加热使试样产生热应力,影响试验结果。     

大功率无线电波对高电离层的加热

根据动量方程、能量方程和电子的连续性方程，在偶极扩散的假设下，建立了地面入射的大功率无线电波加热高电离层的理论模型．作为应用，对以上方程组数值求解，计算了高电离层(150-400km)电子温度和电子密度随时间的变化．计算结果表明，对于一定参数的发射机，一定的吸收模型，电离层电子温度和密度均有明显的变化．我们发现，应用本文选取的加热参数，在电波反射点附近，电子温度有10％-25％的增加，电子密度有1％-2％左右的减少．电子温度达到稳态的时间要快于电子密度达到稳态的时间．最后，用本文的结果解释了电离层加热实验中的一些观测现象。