Substitution of satellite-based land surface temperature defective data using GSP method

Land surface temperature (LST) as an important environmental variable provides valuable information for earth environmental system modelling. Currently, LST is obtained through satellite thermal sensors at various spatial and temporal resolutions. Although spatially continuous satellite-based LST measurements are intended to overcome the shortcomings of sparse ground-based LST measurements, LST images often contain anomalous values due to the existence of clouds or sensor malfunctioning. The problem becomes more serious where the users deal with high spatial resolution characterized by low temporal resolution. This study examines the capability of a newly developed graph signal processing (GSP) method using two-dimensional single-date thermal data. For this purpose, four Landsat/TIRS datasets are analyzed. The data of five elliptical regions on thermal images are eliminated and then reconstructed through the GSP method and using the LST values of the enclosing rectangles containing the ellipsoids. The results indicate that the temperature variation determined by the GSP method generally conforms to the original image LST values. According to a correlation test conducted on the original image LST and those obtained through the GSP method, the values vary from 58% to 95%, which is an above-the-average rate (RMSE from 0.69 to 2.27). The statistical analysis of the original image LST in both the elliptical regions and the enclosing rectangles containing the ellipsoids indicates that an increase in the variance of LST data causes an increased error in the calculation of temperature by the GSP method, and vice versa. The results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan test indicated that an increase in the number of the non-zero spectral bins would result in increased RMSE values for all the dates and the regions. Moreover, the model errors were significant at the 0.05 level across all the image date and five elliptical study regions. Based on the results, the use of this method is recommended for the reconstruction of LST missing values, where dissimilarity of atmospheric conditions limits the use of other methods that depend on the time series data of various dates and a great deal of data calculation.     

作为企业组织形式的信托

在信托作为企业组织形式的发展过程中,有两个问题值得关注：一是为什么信托能够作为企业的组织形式;二是信托作为企业组织形式经历了由盛而衰,然后再度崛起的过程,其背后的原因是什么？以法经济学的视角观察会发现,信托与公司在资产分割及其所导致的债权人模式上是没有区别的,这奠定了信托作为企业形式的基础;而以企业理论观察,就会发现信托与公司在企业所有权安排上的不同,即信托将控制权安排给了人力资本所有者,而公司则是将控制权安排给了非人力资本,这一不同导致了两者在治理结构与应用范围上的差别。     

基于图形变形法的固体火箭发动机优化设计

基于图形变形法探索固体火箭发动机优化设计空间，通过可视化展示设计空间形态，能够提高固体火箭发动机优化设计效率和质量。采用试验设计方法对设计变量和约束条件重要性进行排序，简化优化模型；采用图形变形法对简化优化模型在不同试验设计点进行可视化分析；可视化选取可行设计空间中目标函数较小的点作为初始点。应用三种常规优化算法对4个不同初始点进行优化计算，计算结果表明，图形变形法优选的初始点使优化效率有不同程度的提高，优化结果具有更好的全局最优解特性；与遗传算法比较，效率提高400倍以上。     

考虑背景孔隙的单开孔两空间结构的风致内压响应研究

风致内压对建筑结构的安全性有着显著的影响,在结构抗风设计时不容忽视。本文基于合理的假定,利用非定常伯努利方程、质量守恒定律和绝热气体状态方程推导了有背景孔隙的单开孔两空间结构的内压响应非线性控制方程组,并通过数值算例分析了背景孔隙对内压响应的影响。结果表明:本文导出的内压控制方程组可很好地分析有背景空隙的单开孔两空间结构的风致内压响应;无背景孔隙时,内侧房间的内压响应要高于外侧房间;背景孔隙所引入的附加阻尼使得两房间的内压响应均受到抑制。这些研究成果对结构风致内压有理论与实际应用的价值。     

一类具有时变和分布时滞的 神经网络系统的时滞相依全局稳定性分析

通过构造一个新的增广Lyapunov-Krasovskii泛函,对时变时滞函数的下界和定常分布时滞同时使用时滞分割,获得了一类同时具有时变时滞和分布时滞的神经网络系统以LMI形式表达的时滞相依全局渐近稳定条件,并通过数值实例表明本文方法的有效性和稳定条件更低的保守性。     

基于网络编码的空间DTN中CGR改进算法

随着空间通信技术的发展,卫星节点的增多,以及容延迟容中断通信需求的不断提高,空间DTN (DelayTolerant Network,容延迟网络)环境中各通信节点间的路由技术日益重要,相继出现了多种适用于DTN的路由技术.基于空间DTN的结构与特点,对CGR(Contact Graph Routing,接触图路由)算法以及基于编码的路由算法进行了分析比较,然后针对空间DTN中CGR算法的缺点和不足,研究提出了基于NC(Network Coding,网络编码)的空间DTN中的CGR改进算法(NC-CGR),并通过仿真实验平台对算法性能进行了分析评估.仿真结果表明,相比于CGR算法,NC-CGR算法在链路传输时延、传输包裹数目、中继缓存大小、链路丢包率等不同条件下的适应性方面均表现出较大优势,更适用于具有复杂拓扑、带宽受限、高动态特性的空间DTN环境.     

Optimization of communication network topology for navigation sharing among distributed satellites

Navigation sharing among distributed satellites is quite important for coordinated motion and collision avoidance. This paper proposes optimization methods of the communication network topology to achieve navigation sharing. The whole communication network constructing by inter-satellite links are considered as a topology graph. The aim of this paper is to find the communication network topology with minimum communication connections’ number (MCCN) in different conditions. It has found that the communication capacity and the number of channels are two key parameters affecting the results. The model of MCCN topology for navigation sharing is established and corresponding method is designed. Two main scenarios, viz., homogeneous case and heterogeneous case, are considered. For the homogeneous case where each member has the same communication capacity, it designs a construction method (Algorithm 1) to find the MCCN topology. For the heterogeneous case, it introduces a modified genetic algorithm (Algorithm 2) to find the MCCN topology. When considering the fact that the number of channels is limited, the Algorithm 2 is further modified by adding a penalized term in the fitness function. The effectiveness of these algorithms is all proved in theoretical. Three examples are further tested to illustrate the methods developed in this paper.     

Optimal network topology of relative navigation and communication for navigation sharing in fractionated spacecraft cluster

Navigation sharing as a key technology provides orbit and attitude information broadcasting for the whole fractionated spacecraft cluster (FSC). The navigation sharing concept has already been proposed for some years. However, the problem of achieving the optimal navigation sharing by designing the proper network topology is still unsolved, especially in the case that some members of the cluster have absolute navigation devices, some just have relative navigation devices and some only have communication devices. In this paper, a comprehensive model of describing the navigation sharing problem in FSC is proposed. The model of network topology constructing by relative navigation links and communication links is established. By using the graph theory and genetic algorithm as the tool, the conditions for navigation sharing in FSC with different sharing degrees are obtained. Finally, some examples are presented to test the methods, and it has been found that, the absolute positions and attitudes of all the members can still be determined even some members in FSC have no absolute navigation devices.     

串行程序的并行划分算法及其正确性证明

针对多机系统结构，本文提出了在大粒度级并行划分串行程序的算示。该算法通过识别并行循环任务以及通过确定调用上下文关系识别过程任务，来划分串行程序中的并行成份。该算法是对串行程序实施并行分解的基础。本文还给出了该算法的正确性证明。     

Application of Contact Graph Routing in Satellite Delay Tolerant Networks

Satellite networks have many inherent advantages over terrestrial networks and have become an important part of the global network infrastructure. Routing aimed at satellite networks has become a hot and challenging research topic. Satellite networks, which are special kind of Delay Tolerant Networks (DTN), can also adopt the routing solutions of DTN. Among the many routing proposals, Contact Graph Routing (CGR) is an excellent candidate, since it is designed particularly for use in highly deterministic space networks. The applicability of CGR in satellite networks is evaluated by utilizing the space oriented DTN gateway model based on OPNET(Optimized Network Engineering Tool). Link failures are solved with neighbor discovery mechanism and route recomputation. Earth observation scenario is used in the simulations to investigate CGR’s performance. The results show that the CGR performances are better in terms of effectively utilizing satellite networks resources to calculate continuous route path and alternative route can be successfully calculated under link failures by utilizing fault tolerance scheme.