侧压式进气道内部阻力分析

针对目前对超燃冲压发动机阻力特性的需要,以侧压式进气道为例,分别以内壁面和捕获流管为分析体,对其内部阻力进行分类;以数值模拟为手段,给出了总阻力的大小及各项阻力的分配比例,并分析了进气道几何参数变化对阻力的影响关系。     

一种直升机粘弹减摆器时域模型参数识别方法

在时域内建立了直升机粘弹减摆器的非线性模型。该模型基于不可逆热力学原理，在线性滞弹性位移场(Anelastic displacement fields，ADFs)模型的基础上，通过一组材料状态变量函数引入了粘弹性材料的非线性特性；文中以硅橡胶为研究对象，在粘弹减摆器实际工作中比较典型的幅值和频率范围内，进行了简谐实验，并通过两位移幅值(0．1cm，0．6cm)的应变／应力滞迟回线直接进行模型参数识别。最后，通过与线化复模量、不同幅值的应变／应力的滞迟回线等实验数据比较，证实了本文模型具有较好的可靠性，为进一步研究直升机粘弹减摆器的性能和带减摆器的旋翼气弹分析奠定了基础。     

Laminar flow control research at TsAGI: Past and present

This paper presents a brief review of activities in laminar flow control being performed at the Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute named after Prof. N.E. Zhukovsky (TsAGI). These efforts are focused on the improvement of the existing laminar flow control methods and on the development of new ones. The investigations have demonstrated the effectiveness of aircraft surface laminarization applications with the aim of friction drag reduction. The opportunity of considerable delaying of laminar-turbulent transition due to special wing profile geometry and using boundary layer suction and surface cooling has been verified at sub- and supersonic speeds through various wind tunnel testing at TsAGI and during flying laboratory experiments at the Flight Research Institute (LII). The investigations on using hybrid laminar flow control systems for friction drag reduction were also carried out. New techniques of laminar flow control were proposed, in particular, the method of local heating of the wing leading edge, boundary layer laminarization by means of receptivity control, and electrohydrodynamic methods of boundary layer stability control.     

离子束辅助沉积WS_2-Ti-Ag复合薄膜的摩擦性能

采用ZDH-100型号离子束复合沉积设备沉积WS_2-Ti-Ag复合薄膜,基材为轴承钢和单晶硅(100).采用场发射扫描电子显微镜、XRD衍射仪,检测复合薄膜的表面形貌、微观结构.采用球-盘式摩擦磨损试验机,对复合薄膜在大气环境中的摩擦性能进行了研究.结果表明:采用离子束辅助沉积技术制备的WS_2-Ti-Ag复合薄膜是非晶态薄膜;并且随法向载荷的增加,复合薄膜的摩擦因数减小,摩擦状态越稳定,耐磨寿命越短.     

带有等压缓冲器的冲击台

本文介绍了等压式缓冲器及带有等压式缓冲器的冲击台的结构及其工作原理，说明了影响冲击加速度的因素及其调整方法。     

Nutation instability of spinning solid rocket motor spacecraft

The variation of mass,and moment of inertia of a spin-stabilized spacecraft leads to concern about the nutation instability.Here a careful analysis on the nutation instability is performed on a spacecraft propelled by solid rocket booster (SRB).The influences of specific solid propellant designs on transversal angular velocity are discussed.The results show that the typical SRB of End Burn suppresses the non-principal axial angular velocity.On the contrary,the frequently used SRB of Radial Burn could amplify the transversal angular velocity.The nutation instability caused by a design of Radial Burn could be remedied by the addition of End Burn at the same time based on the study of the combination design of both End Burn and Radial Burn.The analysis of the results proposes the design conception of how to control the nutation motion.The method is suitable to resolve the nutation instability of solid rocket motor with complex propellant patterns.     

针对异物夹杂类缺陷的双道偏置补焊方法

异物夹杂类缺陷是搅拌摩擦焊接过程中一类典型缺陷。一旦发生该类缺陷,只有对焊缝进行挖排来去除异物后,才能实施补焊。针对挖排造成焊缝材料缺失,现有的方法是通过熔焊或赛填固体颗粒来进行填充。上述方法不仅会在焊缝中引入有异于母材的材料,而且工艺过程繁琐。特别是熔焊的焊接热会对补焊区域周围的母材造成影响,从而造成补焊接头强度的削弱。针对现有补焊方法的不足,本文提出一种双道偏置补焊方法,实施过程简便,可实现等强度补焊。经试验证明,该方法可获得与原始焊缝具有相等强度的补焊焊缝。     

装配间隙对顶盖环缝搅拌摩擦焊焊接质量的影响

结合超声波相控阵、金相观察、力学试验分析技术,研究了由于铣切角度不同产生的装配间隙对顶盖环缝搅拌摩擦焊焊缝质量及力学性能的影响。结果显示当铣切角差异带来的装配间隙大于1.30 mm时,焊缝中存在孔洞型体积缺陷,装配间隙越大,缺陷越严重;装配间隙的存在会使得焊缝的致密程度降低,焊缝的延伸率下降,并且在装配间隙大于1.30 mm时,焊缝的抗拉强度会发生大幅度地下降。     

2219铝合金变截面结构搅拌摩擦焊接工艺及组织特性

针对变截面结构产品,提出了一种变截面搭接结构搅拌摩擦焊接方法,通过加装辅助板将整条焊缝焊接方向上补偿为等厚度。焊接采用一次定位焊接+二次定位焊接+正式焊接的工艺方式,一次定位焊为预定位,二次定位焊保证辅助板与试片主体结构之间形成有效连接,正式焊保证形成完整的焊缝。焊缝表面成形良好,超声相控阵检测无超标缺陷。通过对力学性能的分析,变截面搭接结构处焊缝与非搭接处焊缝和常规对接焊缝的力学性能基本相同,平均抗拉强度均达到母材的70%以上,平均延伸率均在5.8%以上。变截面搭接焊缝焊核处晶粒形态为细小的等轴晶,靠近轴肩影响区部分的晶粒尺寸大于靠近焊缝根部的晶粒尺寸,受再结晶影响,焊缝两侧热机影响区处辅助板搭接界面消失。