自适应滤波在磁暴期间地磁导航中的应用

对磁暴期间巡航导弹巡航段的地磁导航问题进行了讨论。针对地磁导航在磁暴期间常规卡尔曼滤波容易发散的问题,提出了一种基于Sage\|Husa自适应卡尔曼滤波的地磁导航算法。算法根据新息的变化自适应调整测量噪声矩阵,消除了磁暴影响,提高了滤波稳定性。仿真表明在选择合适的遗忘因子基础上,即使在磁暴最剧烈的时间段,采用自适应卡尔曼滤波仍能保证一定的精度,定位精度在200m以内,满足巡航导弹中程制导的精度要求。     

Relay selection in cooperative communication systems over continuous time-varying fading channel

In this paper, we study relay selection under outdated channel state information (CSI) in a decode-and-forward (DF) cooperative system. Unlike previous researches on cooperative commu-nication under outdated CSI, we consider that the channel varies continuously over time, i.e., the channel not only changes between relay selection and data transmission but also changes during data transmission. Thus the level of accuracy of the CSI used in relay selection degrades with data transmission. We first evaluate the packet error rate (PER) of the cooperative system under contin-uous time-varying fading channel, and find that the PER performance deteriorates more seriously under continuous time-varying fading channel than when the channel is assumed to be constant during data transmission. Then, we propose a repeated relay selection (RRS) strategy to improve the PER performance, in which the forwarded data is divided into multiple segments and relay is reselected before the transmission of each segment based on the updated CSI. Finally, we propose a combined relay selection (CRS) strategy which takes advantage of three different relay selection strategies to further mitigate the impact of outdated CSI.     

Rician衰落信道下Turbo码性能分析

文中研究了Rician信道下Turbo码的性能,并详细推导Turbo码在Rician信道下的误码率上界的表达 式,最后对Rician信道的主要参数对译码性能的影响作了仿真。     

Power variation analysis of echo signals from ionospheric reflectors

A series of Power Virtual Height measurements (PVH) of radio echoes reflected from the ionosphere were acquired at a given frequency during the period 3–22 January 2008 with the purpose of studying the slow fading variations through time of the ionospheric channel. To obtain PVH data, an ionospheric vertical sounding system was suitably adapted to work at a single fixed frequency. PVH measurements were recorded between two routine ionospheric vertical soundings, providing a data type that enables evaluation of fading fluctuation through time. The time stability of the ionospheric layers is determined by analyzing the level of the received signal power within a chosen threshold. In this paper the fading behaviour and its characteristics are described, considering only temporal periodicity above 0.5 s. In a further analysis a relation is demonstrated between the recorded fading and the time stability of the signal within a fixed interval of values.     

Morphological studies on ionospheric VHF scintillations over an Indian low latitude station during a solar cycle period (2001–2010)

The amplitude scintillations data recorded at 244 MHz from the geostationary satellite, FLEETSAT (73°E) at a low latitude station, Waltair (17.7°N, 83.3°E) during the ten year period of high to low solar activity from 2001 to 2010 is considered to study the occurrence characteristics of the VHF scintillations. A close association between the intense scintillations on VHF signals during pre-midnight hours, associated with range type of spread-F on ionograms and a relatively weak and slow fading scintillations during post-midnight hours associated with frequency type of spread-F is observed during the relatively high sunspot years from 2001 to 2004, whereas during the low sunspot years from 2005 to 2010 the scintillation activity as well as spread-F activity are found to be minimum. During both the high and low sunspot years, it is observed that the maximum scintillation activity occurs during equinoctial months followed by winter with the minimum occurrence during summer months. The annual mean percentage occurrence of scintillations is found to be clearly associated with the variations in the annual mean sunspot number. The nocturnal variations in the occurrence of scintillations show the onset of scintillation activity starts from 19:00 h LT with maximum of occurrence around 21:00 h LT. A clear semiannual variation in the occurrence of scintillations is observed during pre-midnight hours with two peaks in equinoctial months of March/April and September/October. The number of scintillation patches observed is found to be more during pre-midnight hours compared to those during post-midnight hours. The most probable scintillation patch duration lies around 30 min. Further, it is also found that the number of scintillation patches with durations of 60 min and more decreases with the increase in the patch duration. It is also observed in general that the scintillation activity is inhibited during geomagnetic disturbed days.     

Fading in the HF ionospheric channel and the role of irregularities

It is well known that the ionosphere affects radio wave propagation especially in the high frequency (HF) range. HF radio waves reflected by the ionosphere can reach considerable distances, often with changes in amplitude, phase, and frequency. The ionosphere is a dispersive in frequency and time, bi-refractive, absorbing medium, in which multipath propagation due to traveling irregularities is very frequent. The traveling irregularities undulate the reflecting ionospheric layer, introducing variations in signal amplitude (fading). In this multipath time variant channel fading is mainly considered, even though it is not the sole effect. Echo signals from a single reflection, as in ionospheric vertical sounding (VIS) techniques, are affected by a certain degree of variability even in quiet ionospheric conditions. In this work the behavior of the ionospheric channel is studied and characterized by observing the power variation of received echoes using the VIS technique. Multipath fading was analyzed quantifying the power variation of the signal echo due to irregularities on a temporal scale from 0.5 to 256 s. An experimental set-up derived from an ionosonde was implemented and the analysis was performed employing a special numerical algorithm operating off-line on the acquired time sequence of the signal. The gain-loss of the irregularity shapes are determined in some special cases.     

一种采用衰减记忆滤波的环月航天器自主导航方法研究

针对环绕月球运行的深卒探测航天器提出了一种新的自主导航方案，该方案是以两个环月航天器之间的相对位置矢量信息作为量测量，结合轨道动力学方程，对航天器的轨道自主估计确定，方案中考虑了符合实际的复杂摄动影响，并对描述动力学特性的数学模型与噪声的统计模型不准确而导致的滤波发散问题，提出利用一种经过衰减记忆改进的平方根非线性滤波（SRUKF）算法进行解决。对所提方案做了大量的计算机仿真，同时洋尽的分析和比较了由于衰减因子及采样周期变化所带来的影响。从仿真结果上看，衰减记忆滤波处理能够很好得抑制非线性状态转移条件下的滤波发散趋势。     

带渐消因子的Quadrature卡尔曼滤波

为了解决无源传感器机动目标跟踪系统非线性较强、传统的跟踪滤波方法不稳定容易发散的缺陷,提出了一种带渐消因子的QKF（FQKF）算法。该算法通过引入时变渐消因子来实时调整状态预测误差协方差阵、量测预测误差协方差阵及状态预测误差和量测预测误差之间的互协方差阵,利用公式推导得出渐消因子实际上是对状态传播积分点和量测传播积分点进行渐消,进而达到实时调整滤波器增益矩阵的目的。并通过算法的机理分析和仿真实验表明FQKF算法具有强跟踪滤波器（STF）的优良性能,能够克服QKF算法的缺陷,对于无源传感器机动目标跟踪中系统的突变状态具有较强的跟踪能力,较QKF算法稳定性有所提高,并且计算量适中。     

非合作机动目标天基测角定轨研究

在对空间非合作目标天基测角卡尔曼滤波定轨中,目标机动会导致常规卡尔曼滤波器发散.提出一种无迹卡尔曼滤波(UKF)结合带次优渐消因子的无迹卡尔曼滤波(SFUKF)的滤波定轨方法,目标无机动时使用UKF,在目标机动时使用SFUKF,给出了目标机动的判断准则.仿真结果表明,此滤波方法在目标无机动时有较高的状态估计精度,在目标...     

基于GPS对地球同步轨道自动转移飞行器进行导航的可行性分析

研究利用GPS对地球同步轨道自动转移飞行器进行导航的方法,分析了飞行器在转移过程中可用的GPS卫星数目,在地心惯性坐标系下建立了惯导误差和GPS的伪距、伪距变率模型,采用渐消因子的自适应卡尔曼滤波对飞行器进行组合导航.仿真结果表明,可用GPS卫星的数目随着飞行器高度的增高而减少,因此无法利用单一历元观测信息直接对飞行器导航.但采用多历元观测信息和动力学模型相结合的滤波方法可对飞行器进行组合导航,当飞行器初始位置偏差为1 km,初始速度偏差为1 m/s,伪距及伪距变率观测均方差分别为10 m和0.05 m/s时,地球同步轨道自动转移飞行器的最终位置偏差小于50 m,速度偏差小于0.02 m/s.