防雹火箭弹飞行弹道计算程序设计

结合防雹火箭实际，编制了无控火箭弹的外弹道计算程序，并利用１６种野战火箭弹，炮弹的实测数据以及防雹火箭弹的实测数据对程序进行修正。结果表明；该程序的阻力系数计算误差为２％，适用于各种无控火箭弹和炮弹的质心弹道计算。     

旋转同心双轴间流动的热态实验

某型发动机高、低压涡轮轴间环形气流通内的流动可以简化为两个独立旋转同心双轴环道内的流动问题。对其控制方程以及边界条件进行无量纲化，得出了实验准则，设计并建立了实验台，以实验方法研究了具有轴向通流的独立旋转同心双轴环道内的流动规律。结果表明，随着冷气雷诺数增大，阻力系数总体趋势减小；冷气雷诺数的影响远大于内轴和外轴旋转对流动的影响。     

侧压式进气道内部阻力分析

针对目前对超燃冲压发动机阻力特性的需要,以侧压式进气道为例,分别以内壁面和捕获流管为分析体,对其内部阻力进行分类;以数值模拟为手段,给出了总阻力的大小及各项阻力的分配比例,并分析了进气道几何参数变化对阻力的影响关系。     

Generalized Kutta–Joukowski theorem for multi-vortex and multi-airfoil flow with vortex production——A general model

By using a special momentum approach and with the help of interchange between singularity velocity and induced flow velocity, we derive in a physical way explicit force formulas for twodimensional inviscid flow involving multiple bound and free vortices, multiple airfoils, and vortex production. These force formulas hold individually for each airfoil thus allowing for force decomposition, and the contributions to forces from singularities(such as bound and image vortices,sources, and doublets) and bodies out of an airfoil are related to their induced velocities at the locations of singularities inside this airfoil. The force contribution due to vortex production is related to the vortex production rate and the distance between each pair of vortices in production, thus frameindependent. The formulas are validated against a number of standard problems. These force formulas, which generalize the classic Kutta–Joukowski theorem(for a single bound vortex) and the recent generalized Lagally theorem(for problems without a bound vortex and vortex production) to more general cases, can be used to identify or understand the roles of outside vortices and bodies on the forces of the actual body, optimize arrangement of outside vortices and bodies for force enhancement or reduction, and derive analytical force formulas once the flow field is given or known.     

槽道湍流的法向与展向电磁力壁面减阻

法向与展向电磁力可以有效调制湍流近壁流动及减少壁面摩擦阻力.为进一步揭示该方法的减阻机理,利用Fourier-Chebyshev谱方法,通过直接数值模拟(DNS),对槽道湍流的法向与展向电磁力控制和减阻问题进行了研究.结果表明,对于确定的流向波长λx+,存在最佳的电磁力强度St,使阻力降最大,最佳St与λx+成反比.法向与展向电磁力对湍流的控制过程实质上是一种由电磁力诱导的调制波对壁湍流的调制过程.在优化参数控制下,当法向与展向电磁力诱导的流场被用来调制固有的近壁湍流流场时,固有流场和诱导流场同时受到调制.在这种调制波作用下,调制流场逐渐主宰壁面边界层,这导致了壁面阻力的下降,平均减阻率最高可达8％.     

通气模型内流道阻力直接测量技术

推阻特性是吸气式飞行器研制中最为关注的气动特性问题之一.为研究通气模型内流道阻力特性,在中国空气动力研究与发展中心(CARDC)超高速所的1m高超声速风洞上开展了吸气式飞行器通气模型内流道阻力直接测量技术研究.研究选取吸气式飞行器的一个内流道模块为研究对象,通过将内流道模块与模型其余部分进行分离设计、采用特种应变天平直接测量模型内流道气动力的方法得到通气模型内阻,同时进行了干扰因素分析和试验数据修正方法研究,开展了Ma=4条件下的内流道阻力测量试验并给出了典型试验结果.试验结果表明,通气模型内阻随攻角和喉道高度变化而变化.     

Preliminary study on heat flux measurement data of TT-0 flight test

With the explosive development of aerospace science, the design of the new generation airliner at higher speeds is attracting more attentions. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to achieve accurate prediction of the aerodynamic heating / force loads and successful reduction of drag and heat flux. As a remedy for the existing studies which are based upon the CFD and wind tunnel tests, this study presents a flight test for the drag and heat reduction spike technology. The principal goals of this flight test were to provide reference for verifying the accuracy of the prediction technology on ground and promote the development of the drag and heat reduction technology. By adopting the OS-X rocket, the TT-0 test vehicle designed by Shenyang Aircraft Design & Research Institute reached a maximum Mach number of 5.8 and a maximum altitude of 38 km. Hypersonic and supersonic pressure data by pressure scanning valves and heat fluxes by gauges at different locations were obtained successfully. Also, heat fluxes obtained by in-house CFD code are illustrated in comparison with the flight data. The results indicate that the numerical errors are large in most cases. More technologies, such as more CFD codes and more numerical procedures, should be adopted to conduct studies on this issue in the future.     

大涵道比涡扇发动机TPS短舱低速气动特性分析

为了评估民机低速带动力试验时进排气效应的影响,选取大涵道比发动机涡轮动力模拟器(TPS)短舱和真实发动机短舱作为研究对象,采用数值模拟方法对其起飞、进近状态的低速气动特性进行对比分析。结果表明:由于TPS流量低于真实发动机需求,其唇口、外罩流场特征和真实发动机短舱有所不同,阻力特性也有差别;在进气道处于亚临界状态时,TPS短舱阻力系数比真实短舱大了约1.7个阻力单位,又由于唇口当地气流攻角更大,使得TPS短舱失速攻角相对降低了约1.0°;当进气道工作于超临界状态时,TPS短舱虽然也可以反映真实短舱的流动特性,但由于捕获流管收缩情况和气流驻点随攻角的变化,使得在0°~20°攻角时TPS短舱的阻力系数高于真实短舱,而在20°~30°攻角时其阻力系数略低,差量最大约为1.8个阻力单位。对于研究的大涵道比发动机,未经唇口及外罩修正的TPS短舱其低速气动特性基本可以反映真实进排气效应的影响,但在气动特性分析中可以考虑进一步修正进气效应的影响。     

多循环脉冲爆震发动机净推力估算

为了研究试车台上脉冲爆震发动机(PDE)净推力的估算方法，在常温常压条件下，进行了大量的多循环爆震试验，在内径为150mm，长度为1800mm的爆震管中，成功地产生充分发展的爆震波。采用了动态和稳态推力计分别测量试车台上PDE的净推力及气动阀开和关时PDE的阻力，建立了试车台上PDE净推力的近似计算模型，同时研究了PDE净推力的主要影响因素。试验结果表明，PDE阻力与模拟飞行速度(或爆震室充填速度)有关；直接测量到的发动机推力与利用模型计算的净推力基本一致。研究结果对工程应用的PDE的优化设计，深入研究具有重要的参考价值。     

展向行波状Lorentz力的波数对壁湍流控制的影响

展向行波状Lorentz力可以有效调制湍流近壁流动及减少壁面摩擦阻力。为了解行波波数在壁湍流控制中的影响,并进一步揭示该方法的减阻机理,本文利用Fourier-Chebyshev谱方法,通过直接数值模拟（DNS）,对槽道湍流的展向行波状Lorentz力控制和减阻问题进行了研究,讨论了展向波数kz对近壁流动及壁面阻力的影响。结果表明,当展向行波状Lorentz力诱导的流场被用来调制固有的近壁湍流流场时,固有流场和诱导流场同时受到调制。Lorentz力的展向波数对流场调制效果具有显著影响。通过波数的选择,引进新的涡结构,可以调制条带结构的展向间距与强度,影响近壁流体的湍流猝发活动,从而调制壁面摩擦阻力的大小。